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Tytuł:
Working Conditions in Small Private Enterprises in Poland
Autorzy:
Derlicka, M.
Shahnavaz, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89856.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
working conditions
small enterprises
occupational health
małe przedsiębiorstwa
higiena pracy
warunki pracy
Opis:
The study deals with working conditions in small private enterprises in Poland. Data come from 50 small enterprises from the Warsaw area. Information about the evaluation of working conditions and the existence of programmes for their improvement was gathered with the help of questionnaires addressed to employees and employers. The results constitute a “photograph” of the Polish reality at the beginning of its transition from planned to market economy. The study revealed a lack of programmes for the improvement of working conditions in a significant number of the enterprises studied as well as little interest in occupational safety on the part of employers (owners). The study also revealed that all decisions—including those about the improvement of working conditions—were made by employers. Hence, the need for the widest possible dissemination of knowledge on occupational safety and the protection of human in the working environment with particular stress put on employers. Employers who are knowledgeable in this field and who are aware of its importance can significantly influence the improvement of working conditions in small enterprises.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 1; 129-143
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combining Psychophysical Measures of Discomfort and Electromyography for the Evaluation of a New Automotive Seating Concept
Autorzy:
Kolich, M.
Taboun, S. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
automotive seating
psychophysics
electromyography
fizjologia pracy
ergonomia
elektromiografia
warunki pracy
EMG
dyskomfort
Opis:
The purpose of this study was to determine if the advantages and disadvantages of a new automotive seating concept, known as the micro-adjuster control system, could be reliably evaluated using both a physiological assessment technique (i.e., electromyography [EMG]) and a subjective questionnaire. The results indicate that psychophysical measures of discomfort and the root mean squared (RMS) activity of the EMG are statistically related, r (8) =–.788, p=.020. More specifically, subjective perceptions of comfort were found to improve with decreasing levels of muscle activity. This implies that seat comfort can be evaluated on the basis of physiological as well as subjective responses to prolonged driving. This finding should drastically improve automobile seat design efforts.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 4; 483-496
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occupational Exposure to Natural UV Radiation and Premature Skin Ageing
Autorzy:
Łastowiecka-Moras, E.
Bugajska, J.
Młynarczyk, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90648.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
UV radiation
outdoor workers
photoageing
promieniowanie UV
pracownicy
skóra człowieka
warunki pracy
Opis:
The skin is the part of the human body most vulnerable to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The spectrum of the negative effects of UV radiation on the skin ranges from acute erythema to carcinogenesis. Between these extreme conditions, there are other common skin lesions, e.g., photoageing. The aim of this study was to assess the skin for signs of photoageing in a group of 52 men occupationally exposed to natural UV radiation. There were 2 types of examinations: an examination of skin condition (moisture, elasticity, sebum, porosity, smoothness, discolourations and wrinkles) with a device for diagnosing the skin, and a dermatological examination. The results of both examinations revealed a higher percentage of skin characteristics typical for photoageing in outdoor workers compared to the general population.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 4; 639-645
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Quasi-Experimental Study of the Effects of the Erggi Action Model of Musculoskeletal Symptoms and VDU Working Conditions Among University Staff
Autorzy:
Tiainen, S.
Ropponen, A.
Louhevaara, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90663.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
musculoskeletal symptoms
office
ergonomic
ergonomia
zaburzenia mięśniowo-szkieletowe
warunki pracy
pracownicy uczelni
Opis:
Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate musculoskeletal symptoms and working conditions of university workers with and without contact with an Erggi action model. Methods. A quasi-experimental and longitudinal field study design examined effects of the Erggi action model with 3 types of questionnaires filled by 1000 university workers. The statistical analyses used logistic regression. Results. Subjects who had contact with the Erggi action model had a higher probability of weekly musculoskeletal symptoms impairing their work, perceived more possibilities to influence their musculoskeletal symptoms and had lower risk for sick leave compared to those without contact with the Erggi action model. Conclusions. The Erggi action model increases the probability of influencing workers’ musculoskeletal symptoms, decreases the number of sick leave and increases awareness of musculoskeletal symptoms and working conditions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 4; 617-626
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Slip Resistance of Industrial Floor Surfaces: Development of an Elastomer Suited to In-Situ Measurement
Autorzy:
Leclercq, S.
Saulnier, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
slip resistance
floor surface
in situ measurement
elastomer
wypadki przy pracy
śliska podłoga
warunki pracy
Opis:
Slips contribute to 12% of occupational accidents. A slip resistant floor is a mean to prevent slipping accidents occurring in workshops. Floor slip resistance is often evaluated by measuring a friction index, proportional to the force opposing slipping of a reference elastomer on the floor surface under test. When implementing a portable appliance, slip resistance measurements carried out on lubricated floors were not stabilized. The authors advanced the hypothesis of oil impregnating the elastomer. A new elastomer suited to in-situ measurement has been developed to achieve stable measuring conditions. This study highlights the fact that the nature and characteristics of a reference elastomer must be specified when slip resistance measurements are carried out.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 1; 93-102
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Seat Design on Vibration Comfort
Autorzy:
Wijaya, A. R.
Jönsson, P.
Johansson, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89698.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
seat design
transient vibration
vibration discomfort
warunki pracy
drgania
kierowcy i maszyniści
Opis:
A field study was done to evaluate different seat designs in the aspect of minimizing vibration transmission and reducing the level of discomfort experienced by drivers subjected to transient vibration. Two seat designs (sliding or fixed in the horizontal direction) were compared in an experimental based on variation of sitting posture, speed, and type of obstacle. The comparison was done by assessing discomfort and perceived motion and by vibration measurement. Ten professional drivers were used as participants. Maximum Transient Vibration Value and Vibration Dose Value were used in the evaluation. The results showed that a sliding seat is superior in attenuating vibration containing transient vibration in the horizontal direction. It was also perceived as giving less overall and low back discomfort compared to a fixed seat.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 2; 193-210
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method for Evaluating Germicidal Ultraviolet Inactivation of Biocontaminated Surfaces
Autorzy:
Gorsuch, E. L.
Grinshpun, S. A.
Willeke, K.
Reponen, T.
Moss, C. E.
Jensen, P. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89776.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
UV inactivation
microorganisms
agar
colony
chamber
mikroorganizmy
zanieczyszczenia mikrobiologiczne
powietrze
warunki pracy
Opis:
Safety issues related to work-site conditions often deal with potential worker exposure to infectious airborne microorganisms due to their dissemination in indoor air and contamination of surfaces. Germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) radiation is used in health-care settings and other occupational environments for microbial inactivation. In this study, a new methodology for determining the efficiency of GUV microbial inactivation of surfaces was developed and evaluated. The method utilizes identical chambers in which test microorganisms are irradiated on agar surfaces at different humidity and irradiation intensity levels. The effects of GUV intensity and exposure time on microbial inactivation were examined for Micrococcus luteus and Serratia marcescens. It was found that at low humidity levels (20-25%) both organisms can be inactivated with at least 95% efficiency if the GUV intensity exceeds 50 /zW/cm2 for at least 3-5 min (corresponding to a dose of ~ 1 0 mJ/cm2). The radiation dose needed for effective inactivation of S. marcescens, as measured by a UV meter near the microbial sample, was found not to be affected by the humidity level, whereas that of M. luteus increased at higher humidities. The findings of this study can be used to determine sufficient GUV inactivation doses for occupational environments with various microbial contaminations.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 3; 287-297
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Workers’ Active Involvement in the Improvement of Occupational Safety and Health in a Textile Enterprise—A Case Study
Autorzy:
Milczarek, M.
Szczecińska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90677.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
safety management
workers’ involvement
occupational risk
bezpieczeństwo pracy
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
warunki pracy
czynniki ryzyka
Opis:
Part of the Polish-Swedish OSHMAN project was carried out in a textile company. It aimed at implementing and improving effective health and safety management with workers’ active involvement at all levels of the enterprise. The two main problems to be solved during the project were decreasing occupational risk and improving workers’ poor knowledge on occupational risk. Training courses, workshops and practical activities were undertaken. As expected, there were changes in work organisation and improvement in the way workstations were looked after, which led to a decrease in occupational risk. Workers were highly committed during the project. Nevertheless it seems that more training should be directed at middle management.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 1; 69-77
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Observation Procedures Characterizing Occupational Physical Activities: Critical Review
Autorzy:
Denis, D.
Lortie, M.
Rossignol, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
physical work
observation procedures
reliability
validity
observer training
obserwacja
praca fizyczna
warunki pracy
Opis:
The first objective of this paper is to compare the observation procedures proposed to characterize physical work. The second objective is to examine the following 3 methodological issues: reliability, observer training, and internal validity. Seventy-two papers were reviewed, 38 of which proposed a new or modified observation grid. The observation variables identified were broken down into 7 categories as follows: posture, exertion, load handled, work environment, use of feet, use of hands, and activities or tasks performed. The review revealed the variability of existing procedures. The examination of methodological issues showed that observation data can be reliable and can present an adequate internal validity. However, little information about the conditions necessary to achieve good reliability was available.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 4; 463-491
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Adaptive System for Active Noise Reduction
Autorzy:
Makarewicz, G.
Matuszewski, G.
Morzyński, L.
Zawieska, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90095.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
noise reduction
active cancellation
adaptive system
low frequency noise
warunki pracy
system adaptacyjny
redukcja szumu
Opis:
An adaptive system for active noise reduction in an acoustic duct is presented. The system is based on a modification of a least mean square (LMS) algorithm called filtered-U with on-line error path modelling. The system was assembled and examined on a laboratory test stand in the Laboratory of Active Noise Reduction Methods of the Central Institute for Labour Protection (Warsaw, Poland). The structure of the stand, the block structure of the active noise reduction system, the basic assumption concerning the applied adaptive algorithm, and examples of measured effectiveness of the system for various kinds of noise are presented.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, Zeszyt Specjalny; 13-22
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Working Conditions and Dentists’ Attitude Towards Proprioceptive Derivation
Autorzy:
Chaikumarn, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90582.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
dentist
working conditions
attitudes
proprioceptive derivation
organizacja pracy
warunki pracy
służba zdrowia
usługi stomatologiczne
metody bezpiecznej pracy
dentysta
procedury postępowania
Opis:
Proprioceptive derivation (Pd), a new method of organising a dentist workstation as well as a working procedure, was introduced to Thailand. The aim of this study was to assess the working conditions and the attitude to Pd among experienced users. Questionnaires were distributed among 12 dentists. The results showed that all dentists chose to work in a sitting posture and mostly worked without breaks between patients. They spent less time on dental examination and crown and bridge therapy tasks. Solving problems in patients with physical limitations resulted in a low stress level. Seven dentists (58.3%) always used Pd and liked it. Five dentists (41.7%) sometimes used Pd, with 3 of them liking it. Only 2 dentists, who sometimes used Pd, did not like it because it could not cover all dental tasks and treatment, and it was difficult and complex.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 2; 137-146
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evidence-Based Ergonomics. A Comparison of Japanese and American Office Layouts
Autorzy:
Noro, K.
Fujimaki, G.
Kishi, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
evidence based ergonomics design
work style
eye movement
warunki pracy
ergonomia
komputer
projektowanie miejsc pracy
pomieszczenie biurowe
Opis:
There is a variety of alternatives in office layouts. Yet the theoretical basis and criteria for predicting how well these layouts accommodate employees are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate criteria for selecting office layouts. Intensive computer workers worked in simulated office layouts in a controlled experimental laboratory. Eye movement measures indicate that knowledge work requires both concentration and interaction. Findings pointed to one layout as providing optimum balance between these 2 requirements. Recommendations for establishing a theoretical basis and design criteria for selecting office layouts based on work style are suggested.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 4; 527-538
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Intervention to Reduce Work-Related Burnout in Teachers
Autorzy:
Żołnierczyk-Zreda, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
work-related burnout
psychosocial work conditions
somatic complaints
intervention
zmęczenie
nauczanie
warunki pracy
wypalenie zawodowe
nauczyciel
Opis:
The objective of the study was to develop and evaluate a 2-day burnout intervention program focused at enhancing coping with stresses observed in teachers’ work. Karasek’s job stress model was used as the theoretical framework. The aim of the intervention was to teach participants to deal better with high job demands and low job control. Some cognitive-behavioural methods of overcoming workload and enhancing a sense of self-mastery and relations with students were introduced in the workshop. 59 teachers were randomly assigned to an experimental or to a control group. Results showed that emotional exhaustion, perceived workload and somatic complaints decreased significantly in the intervention group. The greatest effect of the intervention was observed with regard to increased behavioural job control. It was concluded that teaching participants how to manage their work environment better could help them in changing their perception of stressful job characteristics, reducing emotional exhaustion and somatic complaints.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 423-430
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Ergonomic Study on Posture-Related Discomfort Among Preadolescent Agricultural Workers of West Bengal, India
Autorzy:
Gangopadhyay, S.
Das, B.
Das, T.
Ghoshal, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90547.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
preadolescence
agricultural worker
posture
discomfort
rolnictwo
ergonomia
młodociani
pozycja przy pracy
warunki pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
czynniki ryzyka
Opis:
In India, particularly in West Bengal, preadolescents are primarily associated with agricultural work in rural areas. Owing to poor socio-economic conditions, they are compelled to carry out a considerable number of manual, rigorous tasks in agricultural fields. The main aim of this study was to investigate postures adopted by preadolescent agricultural workers during individual agricultural activities and to analyze the causes of discomfort related to those postures. Fifty male and 50 female preadolescent agricultural workers were randomly selected and a detailed posture analysis was performed with the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS). It was observed that those workers worked continuously in awkward postures during certain agricultural activities. Consequently they suffered from discomfort in different parts of their body. Even though they were very young, they were likely to suffer from serious musculoskeletal disorders in the future.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 315-322
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomic Study on the Manual Component Insertion Lines for Occupational Health and Safety Improvements
Autorzy:
Sen, R. N.
Yeow, P. H. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomic interventions
occupational health and safety
printed circuit assembly
ergonomia
warunki pracy
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
praca przy taśmie montażowej
Opis:
The study aimed at reducing the occupational health and safety problems faced by the manual component insertion operators. Subjective and objective assessments, and direct observations were made in the printed circuit assembly factory. Simple and low-cost ergonomic interventions were implemented, that is, repairing chairs, reducing high workloads, assigning operators to a maximum of 2 workstations, confining machines that emitted bad smell and much noise, and providing finger work aids. The results of the interventions were reductions in operators’ work discomforts, that is, chair discomfort (by 90%), high work stress, and discomfort due to frequent change of their workstations. Their health hazards were also eliminated, that is, inhalation of toxic fumes, exposure to too much noise, and pain due to pressing sharp components.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 1; 57-74
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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