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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Design Considerations to Enhance the Safety of Patient Compartments in Ambulance Transporters
    Autorzy:
    Byran, E.
    Gilad, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90203.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ambulance interior
    paramedics' safety
    back posture
    ergonomics
    Opis:
    The safety of the interior of ambulances is dubious and, in the event of sudden impact during emergency transport, potentially perilous to patients they carry. The workplace ergonomics of the interior of the passenger cabin is lacking. This article discusses an improved ergonomic interior design based on study findings, observations and subjective perception. It suggests design aspects and safety concepts aimed at increasing the safety of patients and paramedic staff inside the ambulance as a mobile workstation.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 2; 221-231
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Analysis of Work Environments and Operations in Hot and Humid Areas
    Autorzy:
    Ghahramani, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90252.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational safety
    ergonomics
    workplaces design
    bezpieczeństwo pracy
    ergonomia
    środowisko pracy
    Opis:
    Crews on tankers traveling and hauling cargo on the lower reaches of the Mississippi River during the hot and humid (H&H) summer season face various occupational safety and ergonomics problems. Evaluation of medical data reveals that a large number of the crewmembers experience job related injuries, diseases, disorders, and exhaustion as a result of adverse environmental conditions (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [NIOSH], 1993). The accidents and injuries that occurred were characterized and then analysis was used to recommend constructive remedies and solutions. The results were also used to design and develop better work environments on the tankers and in the general industry. In H&H conditions, the body’s chemical reactions constantly change in order to maintain the best possible reaction to changing environments. This chemical reaction increases blood flow to the skin through sweating. Body metabolism stabilizes body temperature through muscular work and convection, evaporation and radiation remove heat.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1999, 5, 4; 591-596
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Investigation of Ergonomics Analysis Tools Used in Industry in the Identification of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
    Autorzy:
    Pascual, S. A.
    Naqvi, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90644.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomics analysis tools
    surveys, certified ergonomists
    joint health and safety committees
    Opis:
    Web-based surveys were sent to Canadian certified ergonomists, Joint Health and Safety Committees (JHSCs) and health and safety certification trainers to understand better which ergonomics analysis tools were used in industry and help JHSCs obtain the necessary training required to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The results showed that most of the certified ergonomists used the Snook/Mital tables, the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) equation and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA)/rapid entire body assessment (REBA). The most frequently used methods by JHSCs to identify ergonomics risk were injury reports and worker complaints. The surveys for the health and safety certification trainers revealed that most curricula did not include ergonomics analysis tools. There appears to be a gap between what is recommended by certified ergonomists for JHSC, what is taught in training and what is used by JHSCs for ergonomics risk analysis. A better understanding, modifications in training curricula and education of JHSCs are needed to help reduce WMSDs.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 237-245
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Whole Body Postural Loading Simulation and Assessment Model for Workplace Analysis and Design
    Autorzy:
    Rebelo, F.
    Da Silva, K. C.
    Karwowski, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90481.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    simulation models
    spinal loading
    ergonomics
    manual materials handling
    work design
    safety
    Opis:
    This study reports on the development and validation of a new computer model for simulating human postures at work, and assessing the reaction forces and bending moments in 43 human articulation joints. The proposed model estimates the intradiscal pressure in the vertebral column in response to external loading forces encountered during human interactions with work objects or processes. The model was implemented in a selfcontained interactive software package. The simulation results compare favorably with the reported experimental data, and provide reasonable confidence in the quality of the model. Its characteristics and its applications in evaluating physical task performance are also discussed.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 4; 509-519
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of a Screening Method in Assessing Occupational Safety and Health of Computer Workstations
    Autorzy:
    Niskanen, T.
    Lehtela, J.
    Lansikallio, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89680.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    computer
    health
    safety
    ergonomics
    inspectors
    legislation
    screening
    komputer
    ergonomia
    normalizacja
    legislacja
    ocena zdrowia
    Opis:
    Employers and workers need concrete guidance to plan and implement changes in the ergonomics of computer workstations. The Näppärä method is a screening tool for identifying problems requiring further assessment and corrective actions. The aim of this study was to assess the work of occupational safety and health (OSH) government inspectors who used Näppärä as part of their OSH enforcement inspections (430 assessments) related to computer work. The modifications in workstation ergonomics involved mainly adjustments to the screen, mouse, keyboard, forearm supports, and chair. One output of the assessment is an index indicating the percentage of compliance items. This method can be considered as exposure assessment and ergonomics intervention used as a benchmark for the level of ergonomics. Future research can examine whether the effectiveness of participatory ergonomics interventions should be investigated with Nappara.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 167-174
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Implementation of Cold Risk Management in Occupational Safety, Occupational Health and Quality Practices. Evaluation of a Development Process and Its Effects at the Finnish Maritime Administration
    Autorzy:
    Risikko, T.
    Remes, J.
    Hassi, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89926.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    cold work
    ergonomics development
    occupational safety and health
    cold risk management
    implementation
    evaluation
    Opis:
    Cold is a typical environmental risk factor in outdoor work in northern regions. It should be taken into account in a company’s occupational safety, health and quality systems. A development process for improving cold risk management at the Finnish Maritime Administration (FMA) was carried out by FMA and external experts. FMA was to implement it. Three years after the development phase, the outcomes and implementation were evaluated. The study shows increased awareness about cold work and few concrete improvements. Concrete improvements in occupational safety and health practices could be seen in the pilot group. However, organization-wide implementation was insufficient, the main reasons being no organization-wide practices, unclear process ownership, no resources or a major reorganization process. The study shows a clear need for expertise supporting implementation. The study also presents a matrix for analyzing the process.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 4; 433--446
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An Ergonomics Study of a Semiconductors Factory in an IDC for Improvement in Occupational Health and Safety
    Autorzy:
    Bin, W. S.
    Richardson, S.
    Yeow, P. H. P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90285.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomics methods
    ergonomic interventions
    occupational health and safety (OHS)
    semiconductor industry
    industrially developing countries (IDCs)
    Opis:
    The study aimed to conduct an ergonomic intervention on a conventional line (CL) in a semiconductor factory in Malaysia, an industrially developing country (IDC), to improve workers’ occupational health and safety (OHS). Low-cost and simple (LCS) ergonomics methods were used (suitable for IDCs), e.g., subjective assessment, direct observation, use of archival data and assessment of noise. It was found that workers were facing noise irritation, neck and back pains and headache in the various processes in the CL. LCS ergonomic interventions to rectify the problems included installing noise insulating covers, providing earplugs, installing elevated platforms, slanting visual display terminals and installing extra exhaust fans. The interventions cost less than 3 000 USD but they significantly improved workers’ OHS, which directly correlated with an improvement in working conditions and job satisfaction. The findings are useful in solving OHS problems in electronics industries in IDCs as they share similar manufacturing processes, problems and limitations.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 3; 345-356
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cultural Ergonomics in Ghana, West Africa: A Descriptive Survey of Industry and Trade Workers’ Interpretations of Safety Symbols
    Autorzy:
    Smith-Jackson, T. L.
    Essuman-Johnson, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91242.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    cultural ergonomics
    safety symbols
    culture and organizations
    cross-cultural research and safety
    oznakowanie zagrożeń
    ergonomia
    transfer technologii
    symbole
    ergonomia kultury
    globalizacja
    Opis:
    Globalization and technology transfer have led to the diffusion of risk communications to users from cultures that were not initially viewed as the target users. This study examined industry and trade workers’ overall impressions of symbols used to convey varying degrees of hazardousness. Six symbols, including symbols from the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Z535 Standard (ANSI, 1998) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 3864:1984 Standard (ISO, 1984) were selected. With the exception of the SKULL symbol, results showed wide discrepancies between users’ perceptions of the symbols and their intended meanings. Implications for cross-cultural research on warning components and risk communications are discussed.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 1; 37-50
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ergonomics and Safety of Manual Bag Sealing
    Autorzy:
    Groot, M. D.
    Bosch, T.
    Eikhout, S. M.
    Vink, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90292.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomics
    safety
    comfort
    opakowanie
    pracownicy usług i sprzedaży
    sprzedawca w handlu detalicznym
    warunki pracy
    ergonomia
    czynniki ryzyka
    Opis:
    A variety of seals is used to close bags. Each seal has advantages and disadvantages. For shop assistants sealing bags could be a repetitive physically demanding action. Opening and closing the bags again can cause some discomfort or annoyance for consumers. Besides, it is an activity which can endanger safety, i.e., knives being used in opening, children swallowing the systems of sealing. To prevent these problems a new sealing system was developed. In this paper the opinion of shop assistants, consumers and experts on several bag sealing systems was studied. It appeared that for sealing plastic bags, adhesive tape with paper is the best out of 4 systems, closely followed by adhesive tape. It is discussed that for the elderly, there is still room for improvement in opening bag seals.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 331-337
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ergonomics as Integrating Constituent in Occupational Safety and Health - Past, Present, and Future
    Autorzy:
    Roetting, M.
    Luczak, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90382.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomic research
    level concept of ergonomics
    occupational safety and health
    prognosis
    badania ergonomiczne
    ergonomia
    bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
    Opis:
    Ergonomics as a discipline was in the past, is in the present, and will be in the future, an integrating constituent in occupational safety and health (OSH). This statement is based on the self-conception of ergonomics and the level concept of human work. It is further supported by the results of about 120 interviews with German experts involved in research projects of the last 2 decades and the results of a quantitative analysis of international literature. The most important themes of past research are compiled and a prognosis of research themes of the future is given. The future role of ergonomics is exemplified by its contributions to the further development of OSH management systems.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 4; 507-526
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A Job Safety Program for Construction Workers Designed to Reduce the Potential for Occupational Injury Using Tool Box Training Sessions and Computer-Assisted Biofeedback Stress Management Techniques
    Autorzy:
    Johnson, K. A.
    Ruppe, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89956.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    job
    safety
    ergonomics
    biofeedback
    stress
    computer-assisted
    training
    ergonomia
    stres
    komputer
    bezpieczeństwo pracy
    szkolenie metodami audiowizualnymi
    szkolenie zawodowe
    budownictwo
    satysfakcja z pracy
    Opis:
    This project was conducted with a multicultural construction company in Hawaii, USA. The job duties performed included drywall and carpentry work. The following objectives were selected for this project: (a) fire prevention training and inspection of first aid equipment; (b) blood-borne pathogen training and risk evaluation; (c) ergonomic and risk evaluation intervention program; (d) electrical safety training and inspection program; (e) slips, trips, and falls safety training; (f) stress assessment and Personal Profile System; (g) safety and health program survey; (h) improving employee relations and morale by emphasizing spirituality; and (i) computer-assisted biofeedback stress management training. Results of the project indicated that observed safety hazards, reported injuries, and levels of perceived stress were reduced for the majority of the population.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2002, 8, 3; 321-329
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synergism of Ergonomics, Safety, and Quality - A Behavioral Cybernetic Analysis
    Autorzy:
    Smith, T. J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90526.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1999
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ergonomics management
    safety management
    hazard management
    quality management
    sociotechnical system
    synergism
    breakthrough performance
    behavioral cybernetics
    ergonomia
    zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem
    zarządzanie zagrożeniami
    zarządzanie jakością
    Opis:
    This report extends a control systems or cybernetic model of behavior to the behavior of groups of many individuals - organizations and institutions - operating together with technology as complex sociotechnical (ST) systems. The premise is that the level of quality in performance of a complex ST system is predicated upon the degree to which its organizational design incorporates elements of a closed-loop behavioral control system: control goals and objectives, sensory receptors, sensory feedback, learning and memory, effectors, and sensory feedback control. From a control systems perspective, ergonomics is essential to effective organizational self-regulation. If working conditions are poorly designed, work performance and safety and quality outcomes cannot be closely controlled. Conversely, as shown by field evidence, good design promotes synergism between ergonomics, safety, and quality as a closed-loop consequence of effective employee and organizational self-control of system performance, safety, and quality.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1999, 5, 2; 247-278
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Identification of Ergonomic Issues That Affect Workers in Oilrigs in Desert Environments
    Autorzy:
    Shikdar, A. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90992.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    desert environment
    work shift
    ergonomics
    occupational health and safety
    ergonomia
    praca zmianowa
    eksploatacja złóż
    środowisko cieplne
    środowisko pustynne
    wydobycie ropy
    system pracy
    środowisko gorące
    Opis:
    The main objective of this research was to conduct an assessment of ergonomic-related problems in oilrigs in a desert environment. A checklist, physical audit and medical records were used in the investigation. The results showed significant health, environment and work-related problems that could be attributed to ergonomic deficiencies in the work system of the oilrig. Some major ergonomic issues identified were hard physical work, back pain, discomfort, hot environment, long shift, and diverse schedule. Ninety-four percent of the employees perceived the workday as very long, 79% were dissatisfied with the work schedule, while 61% of the employees perceived the summer work environment as extremely hot. Ergonomics should be considered in the work system design so as to reduce or eliminate problems in oilrigs in hot desert environments.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 2; 169-177
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Participatory Video-Assisted Evaluation of Truck Drivers’ Work Outside Cab: Deliveries in Two Types of Transport
    Autorzy:
    Reiman, A.
    Pekkala, J.
    Väyrynen, S.
    Putkonen, A.
    Forsman, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90543.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    accident
    delivery transportation
    musculoskeletal disorder
    participative ergonomics
    risk management
    safety management
    work system
    truck driver
    VIDAR method
    wypadek
    zaburzenia układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego
    ergonomia
    zarządzanie ryzykiem
    zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem
    system pracy
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to identify risks and ergonomics discomfort during work of local and short haul delivery truck drivers outside a cab. The study used a video- and computer-based method (VIDAR). VIDAR is a participatory method identifying demanding work situations and their potential risks. The drivers’ work was videoed and analysed by subjects and ergonomists. Delivery truck drivers should not be perceived as one group with equal risks because there were significant differences between the 2 types of transportation and specific types of risks. VIDAR produces visual material for risk management processes. VIDAR as a participatory approach stimulates active discussion about work-related risks and discomfort, and about possibilities for improvement. VIDAR may be also applied to work which comprises different working environments.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 3; 477-489
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

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