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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Effects of Ultrasonic Noise on the Human Body - A Bibliographic Review
    Autorzy:
    Smagowska, B.
    Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90858.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    ultrasonic noise
    effect
    working environment
    hałas
    hałas ultradźwiękowy
    środowisko pracy
    oddziaływanie hałasu
    Opis:
    Industrial noise in the working environment has adverse effects on human hearing; literature and private studies confirm that. It has been determined that significant changes in the hearing threshold level occur in the high frequency audiometry, i.e., in the 8-20 kHz frequency range. Therefore, it is important to determine the effect of ultrasonic noise (10-40 kHz) on the human body in the working environment. This review describes hearing and nonhearing effects (thermal effects, subjective symptoms and functional changes ) of the exposure to noise emitted by ultrasound devices. Many countries have standard health exposure limits to prevent effects of the exposure to ultrasonic noise in the working environment.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 195-202
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk Assessment in the Working Environment in Estonia
    Autorzy:
    Tint, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90225.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1998
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational risks
    noise
    vibration
    chemicals
    ryzyko zawodowe
    hałas
    chemikalia
    Opis:
    The first step to chart hazards in the working environment in Estonia (labour force: 0.65 million) was taken by the National Board of Health Protection in the beginning of 1996. The existing chemical, physical, and biological agents in the working environment were investigated with the help of local health inspectors in all counties. An identification of hazards and workers at risk was carried out. The results of the analysis showed that 16% of Estonian industrial workers are exposed to different hazards: 20,000 persons are exposed to noise, 11,000 are working in the conditions of vibration, 10,000 are affected by unsatisfactory microclimate, 6,000 complain about long-lasting work in a compulsory posture, the overexertion of eyes'is suffered by 5,500 persons, and physical overload by 3,500 workers. In the group of chemical hazards the greatest numbers of workers are exposed to organic dust (6,500) and welding aerosols (5,400), followed by petroleum products (2,700), and oil-shale dust (4,300). The measurements of working conditions showed that an average of 30.3% of the results are above the standards. Proposals for the improvement of the situation in occupational safety and health are presented.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 2; 237-248
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design of Optimal Noise Hazard Control Strategy With Budget Constraint
    Autorzy:
    Asawarungsaengkul, K.
    Nanthavanij, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise control strategy
    industrial noise hazard
    job rotation
    optimization
    hałas
    zagrożenia zdrowia
    ochrona przed hałasem
    kontrola bezpieczeństwa pracy
    hałas przemysłowy
    zagrożenia zawodowe
    Opis:
    An analytical design procedure to determine optimal noise hazard control strategies for industrial facilities is presented. Its objective is to determine a set of appropriate noise controls to eliminate or reduce noise levels so that workers’ daily noise exposure does not exceed a permissible level. From a given noise control budget, engineering controls will be firstly implemented, followed by administrative controls, and then the use of hearing protection devices. Six optimization models are developed and sequentially applied to select appropriate noise controls without exceeding the budget. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed design procedure.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 355-367
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Use of a Global Index of Acoustic Assessment for Predicting Noise in Industrial Rooms and Optimizing the Location of Machinery and Workstations
    Autorzy:
    Pleban, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89745.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise
    machinery
    optimization
    genetic algorithm
    hałas
    maszyny
    optymalizacja
    algorytm genetyczny
    Opis:
    This paper describes the results of a study aimed at developing a tool for optimizing the location of machinery and workstations. A global index of acoustic assessment of machines was developed for this purpose. This index and a genetic algorithm were used in a computer tool for predicting noise emission of machines as well as optimizing the location of machines and workstations in industrial rooms. The results of laboratory and simulation tests demonstrate that the developed global index and the genetic algorithm support measures aimed at noise reduction at workstations.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 4; 627-638
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational Exposure to Noise From Authorized Emergency Vehicle Sirens
    Autorzy:
    Górski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90029.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    emergency vehicles
    occupational exposure to noise
    drivers
    narażenie zawodowe
    narażenie na hałas
    sygnały ostrzegawcze
    Opis:
    Warning signals generated by sirens of authorized emergency vehicles should be audible and recognizable to all road users. Currently, there is no legislation in Poland defining sound pressure levels (SPLs) of audible warning signals generated by sirens of authorized emergency vehicles. Measured A-weighted SPLs of those signals range between 104 and 108 dB. While for road users, an audible warning signal is a source of important information and its A-weighted SPL is acceptable, it may be a source of annoying noise to an emergency vehicle crew. That is why, it is necessary to find a method of improving the acoustic comfort of the crew and, at the same time, maintaining the informational function of audible warning signals.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 3; 515-523
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Inversion Method in Measuring Noise Emitted by Machines in Opencast Mines of Rock Material
    Autorzy:
    Pleban, D.
    Piechowicz, J.
    Kosała, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90237.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise
    machines
    opencast mines
    inversion method
    substitute sources
    hałas
    maszyny
    pomiar hałasu
    kopalnie odkrywkowe
    Opis:
    The inversion method was used to test vibroacoustic processes in large-size machines used in opencast mines of rock material. When this method is used, the tested machine is replaced with a set of substitute sources, whose acoustic parameters are determined on the basis of sound pressure levels and phase shift angles of acoustic signals, measured with an array of 24 microphones. This article presents test results of a combine unit comprising a crusher and a vibrating sieve, for which an acoustic model of 7 substitute sources was developed with the inversion method.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 321-331
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimizing Noise Control Strategy in a Forging Workshop
    Autorzy:
    Razavi, H.
    Ramazanifar, E.
    Bagherzadeh, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90448.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise control
    noise exposure
    industrial noise pollution
    genetic algorithm
    kontrola hałasu
    hałas przemysłowy
    algorytm genetyczny
    Opis:
    In this paper, a computer program based on a genetic algorithm is developed to find an economic solution for noise control in a forging workshop. Initially, input data, including characteristics of sound sources, human exposure, abatement techniques, and production plans are inserted into the model. Using sound pressure levels at working locations, the operators who are at higher risk are identified and picked out for the next step. The program is devised in MATLAB such that the parameters can be easily defined and changed for comparison. The final results are structured into 4 sections that specify an appropriate abatement method for each operator and machine, minimum allowance time for high-risk operators, required damping material for enclosures, and minimum total cost of these treatments. The validity of input data in addition to proper settings in the optimization model ensures the final solution is practical and economically reasonable.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 2; 257-264
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application and Neural Networks in Active Noise Reduction Systems
    Autorzy:
    Morzyński, L.
    Makarewicz, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90886.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise
    active methods
    control
    neural network
    hałas
    ochrona przed hałasem
    aktywna redukcja hałasu
    sieci neuronowe
    Opis:
    Active noise reduction systems based on a control unit in the form of a finite impulse response filter assume the linearity of every single component. Neural networks, which have so far been seldom used in this field, are a kind of a filter with the ability to project nonlinear characteristics of an active noise reduction system. This paper presents some simulation research studies of active noise reduction systems based on neural networks. Also presented are results of the operation of systems with different levels of complexity as well as the influence of different parameters of a neural network and of the system itself on those results.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 3; 257-270
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Noise Pollution in Metalwork and Woodwork Industries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
    Autorzy:
    Noweir, M. H.
    Bafail, A. O.
    Jomoah, I. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91079.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    industrial noise
    metalwork
    woodwork
    noise control
    Saudi Arabia
    hałas przemysłowy
    metaloplastyka
    kontrola hałasu
    Arabia Saudyjska
    Opis:
    This study was conducted in metalwork and woodwork industries in Jeddah Industrial Estate. The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude of industrial noise exposure and to propose remedial actions. Noise was measured at different times of a day in 28 randomly selected factories and workshops. Results indicated that noise levels varied according to the type and size of a factory, and the type and number of machines used. Mean noise levels in metalwork factories were higher than those in woodwork factories. The highest noise levels were observed while manufacturing cans and forming steel reinforcement for concrete, where noise levels exceed 90 dB(A). All mean noise levels in all studied metalwork factories and in 50% of studied woodwork industries were higher than the standard level of 85 dB(A).
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 4; 661-670
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Noise Emission-A Part of Risk Assessment With a View to Machine Safety
    Autorzy:
    Lazarus, H.
    Kurtz, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91220.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise emission
    risk assessment
    safety of machinery
    ocena ryzyka zawodowego
    hałas
    przepisy bezpieczeństwa pracy
    prawo
    norma
    bezpieczeństwo maszyn
    Opis:
    For specific machinery groups standards on International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or European Committee for Standardization (CEN) levels describe safety aspects, technical data, or test methods. Problems with the implementation of noise aspects in safety standards are discussed. The reduction of emissions from machinery (noise, vibration, radiation, hazardous substances) has to date clearly been almost neglected, due, it seems, to the unsuitable approach of classical risk reduction. The concepts of the ISO/IEC Guide 51:1999 (ISO, 1999), Standards No. EN 292 (CEN, 2000c, d), and the Directive of the European Parliament and the Council 98/37/EC (the so-called Machinery Directive) to reduce risks are compared and specific requirements to safety standards according to emission, especially of noise, are presented.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 3; 351-364
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Signal Recognition and Hearing Protectors With Normal and Impaired Hearing
    Autorzy:
    Lazarus, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89728.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    hearing protector
    muff
    plug
    hearing loss
    hearing performance
    masked threshold
    signal identification
    wkładki przeciwhałasowe
    nauszniki przeciwhałasowe
    hałas
    ochrona przed hałasem
    Opis:
    Recognition of acoustic signals when perception is subject to interference from noise has already been extensively studied. In this study the influence of hearing protectors (HP) (plugs, muffs) and hearing loss on signal recognition is examined. Different spectrums and levels of the noise are also included. The test results are shown as the masked threshold for the signals heard and identified. In the case of normally hearing subjects a frequency-independent HP (plug) improves hearing performance, while frequency-dependent HP (muffs) tends to worsen it, especially with low-frequency noise. Hearing losses even worsen hearing performance when plugs are worn. Design suggestions are made to optimise signal recognition. Minimum signal-to-noise ratio and the use of HP are discussed.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 233-250
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Integrated Estimation of the Effect of Physical Factors on Human Functional State During Mental Work
    Autorzy:
    Suvorov, G. A.
    Afanasieva, R. F.
    Mikhailova, N. S.
    Babayan, M. A.
    Bobrov, A. F.
    Sokolov, S. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90487.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    integral estimation
    noise
    vibration
    temperature
    illumination
    mental work
    psychophysiologic responses
    fizjologia
    praca umysłowa
    hałas
    drgania
    temperatura ciała
    oświetlenie
    organizm człowieka
    Opis:
    The purpose of this study was to develop a model for an integrated estimation of the functional state of the human organism (FSHO) and an integral estimation of physical factors (PF) for hygienic rating. Tests were performed twice with 3 men in 0.7-clo clothing during 4-hr mental work with 9 combinations of 4 PF: wideband noise (55–83 dB(A)), whole-body vibration (6 Hz, az =0.2–1.8 ms−2), air temperature (18–30 C), and illumination (1, 3, 5 lx). Thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, and psychophysiological reactions and temporary threshold of hearing (TTS2) shifts were studied. For the integral estimation of PF influence on FSHO the model F(y1, y2, ... ym) = f(x1, x2, ... xn) was used, relating both FSHO and PF sets. The most important physiological parameters in creating FSHO are defined and the contribution of individual parameters of FSHO and PF is found.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 2; 149-161
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational Exposure to Physical Agents: The New Italian Database for Risk Assessment and Control
    Autorzy:
    Nataletti, P.
    Bogi, A.
    Borra, M.
    Gioia, D.
    Falsaperla, R.
    Marchetti, E.
    Militello, A.
    Nicolini, O.
    Rossi, P.
    Sacco, F.
    Stacchini, N.
    Pinto, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90903.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    noise
    vibration
    electromagnetic fields
    artificial optical radiation
    risk assessment
    database of physical agents
    hałas
    pola elektromagnetyczne
    promieniowanie optyczne
    ocena ryzyka
    Opis:
    This article presents the new Italian database of physical agents, which is available at http://www.portaleagentifisici.it. It supports in risk assessment employers who have to comply with Italy’s Legislative Decree 81/2008 (transposing into law European Union Directives 2003/10/EC, 2002/44/EC, 2004/40/EC and 2006/25/EC). The database currently contains measurements and declared European Community (EC) values from over 2540 machines; in particular, the database hosts data on mechanical vibration from over 1430 hand-held power tools (e.g., pneumatic and electric hammers, chainsaws, grinders, drills, sanders and saws) and from over 1020 whole-body machines (e.g., buses, fork lifts and wheel tractors). The database is continuously updated as soon as new experimental and declared data are acquired.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 3; 407-420
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On Evaluation and Localization of Auditory Warning Devices for Adequate Audibility
    Autorzy:
    Asawarungsaengkul, K.
    Nanthavanij, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91033.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    multi-alarm location problem
    auditory warning device
    audibility evaluation
    industrial noise hazard
    droga ewakuacyjna
    słyszalność
    ewakuacja
    urządzenia ostrzegające
    hałas w przemyśle
    lokalizacja urządzeń alarmowych
    Opis:
    This paper presents an analytic procedure to assist safety practitioners in evaluating the audibility of an existing auditory warning system in their workplaces. Two alarm location models are described: (a) a model with an unknown signal sound level, and (b) a model with a known signal sound level. A heuristic algorithm to determine a minimum number of alarm devices and their locations so that the warning signals can be clearly heard by workers is also proposed. The algorithm considers the ambient noise level, noise levels generated by individual machines, locations where workers are likely to be present, and noise levels at worker locations. From the numerical examples and the computation experiment, both the optimization and heuristic approaches yield solutions that satisfy the 15-dBA constraints. The heuristic approach is efficient in solving large alarm location problems due its capability to find near-optimal solutions within reasonable computation time.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 355-369
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Determining Attenuation of Impulse Noise With an Electrical Equivalent of a Hearing Protection Device
    Autorzy:
    Młyński, R.
    Kozłowski, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91027.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    impulse noise
    noise attenuation
    hearing protectors
    transfer function of hearing protection device
    hałas impulsowy
    ochrona słuchu
    ochrona przed hałasem
    środki ochrony indywidualnej
    tłumienie hałasu
    Opis:
    Determining the effectiveness of impulse noise attenuation with hearing protection devices (HPDs) is an important part of their selection. Measuring impulse noise parameters under an HPD would involve exposing subjects to impulses with a high peak sound pressure level. This paper presents a computational method of determining impulse noise parameters under the cups of earmuffs. Calculations are done using the transfer function of earmuffs, determined with Shaw's electrical equivalent of an HPD, taking into account the design parameters of earmuffs. The developed method was used for calculations in the presence of impulse noise generated by gunshots. To verify the computational method, the results of these calculations were compared with the results of measurements.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 1; 127-141
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15

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