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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    The Impact of Occupational Load Carriage on Carrier Mobility: A Critical Review of the Literature
    Autorzy:
    Carlton, S. D.
    Orr, R. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91137.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    load carriage
    mobility
    specialist personnel
    military
    firefighters
    siły zbrojne
    straż pożarna
    personel specjalistyczny
    Opis:
    Military personnel and firefighters are required to carry occupational loads and complete tasks in hostile and unpredictable environments where a lack of mobility may risk lives. This review critically examines the literature investigating the impacts of load carriage on the mobility of these specialist personnel. Several literature databases, reference lists, and subject matter experts were employed to identify relevant studies. Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were critiqued using the Downs and Black protocol. Inter-rater agreement was determined by Cohen’s κ. Twelve original research studies, which included male and female participants from military and firefighting occupations, were critiqued (κ = .81). A review of these papers found that as the carried load weight increased, carrier mobility during aerobic tasks (like road marching) and anaerobic tasks (like obstacle course negotiation) decreased. As such, it can be concluded that the load carried by some specialist personnel may increase their occupational risk by reducing their mobility.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 33-41
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Moisture Effects in Heat Transfer Through Clothing Systems for Wildland Firefighters
    Autorzy:
    Lawson, L. K.
    Crown, E. M.
    Ackerman, M. Y.
    Dale, J. D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90762.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    heat transfer
    moisture
    clothing systems
    ratownictwo
    środki ochrony indywidualnej
    odzież ochronna
    kombinezon
    straż pożarna
    Opis:
    Wildland firefighters work in unfavourable environments involving both heat and moisture. Moisture in clothing systems worn by wildland firefighters may increase or decrease heat transfer, depending on its source and location in the clothing system, location on the body, timing of application and degree of sorption. In this experiment, 4 outerwear/underwear combinations were exposed to 1 of 5 different conditions varying on amount and location of moisture. The fabric systems were then exposed to either a high-heat-flux flame exposure (83 kW/m2) or a low-heat-flux radiant exposure (10 kW/m2). Under high-heat-flux flame exposures, external moisture tended to decrease heat transfer through the fabric systems, while internal moisture tended to increase heat transfer. Under low-heat-flux radiant exposures, internal moisture decreased heat transfer through the fabric systems. The nature and extent of such differences was fabric dependent. Implications for test protocol development are discussed.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 3; 227-238
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Physiological Evaluation of Chemical Protective Suit Systems (CPSS) in Hot Conditions
    Autorzy:
    Ilmarinen, R.
    Lindholm, H.
    Koivistoinen, K.
    Helisten, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90435.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    chemical protective suit
    hot conditions
    physiological strain
    odzież ochronna
    substancje szkodliwe
    straż pożarna
    zagrożenia chemiczne
    stres
    ratownictwo
    Opis:
    This job-related experiment investigated physiological strain in subjects wearing impermeable chemical protective suit systems (CPSSs) weighing about 28 kg. Two types of CPSSs were studied: the self-contained breathing apparatus was carried either inside or outside the suit. Eight healthy and physically fit male firefighter instructors aged 32 to 45 years volunteered for the study. The test drill, performed at a dry, windless ta of 40 °C, was divided into 2 consecutive work sessions of 14.5 min (a 20-min rest between) including typical operational work tasks. Considerable thermal and maximal cardiovascular strain and intense subjective discomfort measured in the firefighters emphasize the need to limit working time in hot conditions to only 10-12 min while wearing CPSSs. The present results indicate that the exceptionally heavy physical load and psychological stress during operations in chemical emergencies must be considered in the assessment of the cardiovascular capacity of ageing firefighters using CPSSs.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 3; 215-226
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance on a Work-Simulating Firefighter Test Versus Approved Laboratory Tests for Firefighters and Applicants
    Autorzy:
    Von Heimburg, E.
    Medbo, J. I.
    Sandsund, M.
    Reinertsen, R. E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90966.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    endurance
    fire fighting
    gender
    blood lactate concentration
    VO2
    strength tests
    straż pożarna
    wiek
    wytrzymałość zmęczeniowa
    test umiejętnościowy
    strażak
    doświadczenie zawodowe
    Opis:
    Aim. Firefighters must meet minimum physical demands. The Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority (NLIA) has approved a standardised treadmill walking test and 3 simple strength tests for smoke divers. The results of the Trondheim test were compared with those of the NLIA tests taking into account possible effects of age, experience level and gender. Methods. Four groups of participants took part in the tests: 19 young experienced firefighters, 24 senior male firefighters and inexperienced applicants, 12 male and 8 female. Results. Oxygen uptake (VO2) at exhaustion rose linearly by the duration of the treadmill test. Time spent on the Trondheim test was closely related to performance time and peak VO2 on the treadmill test. Senior experienced firefighters did not perform better than equally fit young applicants. However, female applicants performed poorer on the Trondheim test than on the treadmill test. Performance on the Trondheim test was not closely related to muscle strength beyond a minimum. Conclusion. Firefighters completing the Trondheim test in under 19 min fit the requirements of the NLIA treadmill test. The Trondheim test can be used as an alternative to the NLIA tests for testing aerobic fitness but not for muscular strength. Women’s result of the Trondheim test were poorer than the results of the NLIA treadmill test, probably because of their lower body mass.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 227-243
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Refinery Firefighters: Assessing Fitness for Duty
    Autorzy:
    Fogleman, M.
    Bhojani, F. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89911.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    firefighters
    fitness for duty
    niebezpieczeństwo pożaru
    miejsce zagrożone wybuchem
    straż pożarna
    rafinacja ropy naftowej
    badanie zdrowia zawodowego
    zdolność do pracy
    strażak
    Opis:
    Firefighting is a hazardous and physically demanding activity. The demanding nature of the tasks involved in firefighting requires a high level of fitness both for the safety of the firefighting personnel as well as for the adequate performance of their tasks. Here, the characteristics (body weight, lung function, etc.) of a small group of refinery firefighters were investigated using exploratory factor analysis and discriminant analysis. The results indicated that there is a group of factors that characterize those individuals meeting minimum fitness requirements as described previously in the literature. The factors that were identified included those related to anthropometry (such as body composition and weight) and those related to physical capabilities (such as push-ups). Since these data are collected relatively easily in most occupational settings, they may offer an efficient surrogate method to determine fitness for duty among firefighters.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 2; 161-170
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Test of Firefighter’s Turnout Gear in Hot and Humid Air Exposure
    Autorzy:
    Holmer, I.
    Kuklane, K.
    Gao, C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90221.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    body temperature
    heat stress
    physiological strain
    protective clothing
    odzież ochronna
    straż pożarna
    pożar
    temperatura powietrza
    temperatura ciała
    stres
    zagrożenia zawodowe
    strażak
    Opis:
    Five students of a rescue training school cycled at 50 W for 20 min at 20 oC before walking at 5 km/hr up to 30 min in a climatic chamber at 55 oC and 30% relative humidity. 4 different types of clothing ensembles differing in terms of thickness and thermal insulation value were tested on separate days. All subjects completed 28–30 min in light clothing, but quit after 20–27 min in 3 firefighter ensembles due to a rectal temperature of 39 oC or subjective fatigue. No difference in the evolution of mean skin or rectal temperature was seen for the 3 turnout ensembles. Sweat production amounted to about 1000 g in the turnout gears of which less than 20% evaporated. It was concluded that the small differences between the turnout gears in terms of design, thickness and insulation value had no effect on the resulting heat physiological strain for the given experimental conditions.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 3; 297-305
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Energy Cost of the Trondheim Firefighter Test for Experienced Firefighters
    Autorzy:
    Von Heimburg, E.
    Medbo, J. I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89766.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    blood lactate concentration
    fire fighting
    maximal oxygen uptake
    lactate threshold
    pulmonary ventilation
    rating of perceived exertion
    wentylacja płuc
    straż pożarna
    środowisko cieplne
    strażak
    środowisko gorące
    Opis:
    Aim. The aim of this study was to measure aerobic demands of fire fighting activities including exercise in the heat. Methods. Twenty-two experienced firefighters performed the Trondheim test simulating fire fighting tasks including work in the heat. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), heart rate (HR) and ventilation were recorded continuously. Data were compared with results obtained during a treadmill test during which the participants were dressed as smoke divers. Results. The participants completed physical parts of the Trondheim test in ~12 min (range: 7.5–17.4). Time to complete the test was closely related to the participant’s VO2 max. HR of ~170 beats/min and pulmonary ventilation of ~100 L/min were higher than at lactate threshold (LT) during laboratory tests. VO2 averaged over the test’s physical part was 35 ± 7 ml/min/kg, which was at the same or below the level corresponding to the participants’ LT. Physically fit participants completed the test faster than less fit participants. Slower and physically less fit participants consumed more air and used more oxygen than faster and physically more fit participants. Conclusion. The Trondheim test is physically demanding; it distinguishes physically fit and less fit participants.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 211-225
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effectiveness of a Light-Weight Ice-Vest for Body Cooling While Wearing Fire Fighter’s Protective Clothing in the Heat
    Autorzy:
    Smolander, J.
    Kuklane, K.
    Gavhed, D.
    Nilsson, H.
    Holmer, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90924.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    fire fighting
    smoke-diving
    thermal strain
    body cooling
    ice-vest
    ochrona przed skrajnymi temperaturami
    ochrona przed ciepłem
    środki ochrony indywidualnej
    odzież ochronna
    straż pożarna
    pożar
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was to examine the effects of wearing an ice-vest (ca 1 kg) on physiological and subjective responses in fire fighters. The experiments were carried out on a treadmill in a hot-dry environment. The physical cooling effect of the ice-vest was measured with a thermal manikin. The ice-vest effectively reduced skin temperatures under the vest. On average, heart rate was 10 beats/min lower, the amount of sweating was reduced by 13%, and subjective sensations of effort and warmth were lower during work with the ice-vest compared to work without it. Thermal manikin tests indicated that the useful energy available from the vest for body cooling was rather high (58%). In conclusion, the ice-vest reduces physiological and subjective strain responses during heavy work in the heat, and may promote efficient work time by 10%.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 2; 111-117
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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