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Wyszukujesz frazę "Injury" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Hand Injury From Powered Wood Splitters: Machine Safety, Patterns of Use and Injury Events
Autorzy:
Lindqvist, A.
Nilsson, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
log splitter
non-intentional injury
consumer product related injury
occupational injury
agricultural injury
injury prevention
Opis:
Introduction. The purpose of this study was to describe factors of possible importance for the occurrence of hand injury from powered wood splitters. Patients. Patients were identified by a computerized patient registry. Information was obtained from hospital records, a written questionnaire and a structured telephone interview. Results. Very few splitters were constructed according to European standards. Twenty-one percent of patients injured with wedge splitters thought that having more than one person at the machine was one cause of the accident. Seventy-nine percent of patients injured with screw splitters stated that glove use was one cause of the accident. Conclusions. The level of safety in wood splitters that cause hand injury is often poor. Having more than one person at the machine during work may contribute to wedge splitter injury. Glove use commonly contributes to screw splitter injury. Prevention should be directed towards unsafe machines and dangerous patterns of use.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 2; 175-186
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Methodology for Assessing Blast Protection in Explosive Ordnance Disposal Bomb Suits
Autorzy:
Bass, C.
Davis, M.
Rafaels, K.
Rountree, M.
Harris, R. M.
Sanderson, E.
Andrefsky, W.
DiMarco, G.
Zielinski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90267.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
blast pressure
human surrogate
bomb suits
injury risk
head injury
neck injury
thoracic injury
ochrona przed wybuchem
wybuch
kombinezon
zagrożenia mechaniczne
środki ochrony indywidualnej
wojsko
Opis:
To reduce human casualties associated with explosive ordnance disposal, a wide range of protective wear has been designed to shield against the blast effects of improvised explosive devices and munitions. In this study, 4 commercially available bomb suits, representing a range of materials and armor masses, were evaluated against 0.227 and 0.567 kg of spherical C-4 explosives to determine the level of protection offered to the head, neck, and thorax. A Hybrid III dummy, an instrumented human surrogate [1], was tested with and without protection from the 4 commercially available bomb suits. 20 tests with the dummy torso mounted to simulate a kneeling position were performed to confirm repeatability and robustness of the dummies, as well as to evaluate the 4 suits. Correlations between injury risk assessments based on past human or animal injury model data and various parameters such as bomb suit mass, projected area, and dummy coverage area were drawn.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 4; 347-361
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Costs and Characteristics of Occupational Injuries Admitted to a Trauma Unit
Autorzy:
Macdonald, D. J. M.
Sanati, K. A.
Macdonald, E.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90131.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational health
occupational safety
injury
prevention
Opis:
Occupational injuries requiring admission to a trauma unit were examined to outline the events surrounding the injury and to examine the costs. Sixty-nine patients were admitted over a 12-month period, representing 4.30% of all work-related injuries attending the emergency department and 4.25% of all admissions to the trauma unit. Most were male (91%), working in skilled trade occupations (65%), with a mean age of 38.8 years. Personal protective equipment was used only by 46% of injured workers who should have been using it. Sixty-one percent of patients believed that their injury was preventable. Half of the injuries were to the upper limb, fall was the most frequent mechanism (25%) and the median duration of admission was 2 days. The direct hospital costs were estimated at over 300 000 GBP. Failure to use protective equipment and to follow health and safety guidelines suggests that opportunities exist for injury prevention.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 4; 587-590
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Workplace Accidents in Materials Transfer in Finland
Autorzy:
Perttula, P.
Salminen, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90743.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
severity
fatal accident
gender
injury type
Opis:
The aim of this study was to show the proportion of workplace accidents related to materials transfer and to decide whether they were more serious than other kinds of workplace accidents. The research material for this study were statistics and data, available in Finland, regarding workplace accidents and fatal accidents. Twenty-five percent of studied fatal accidents were related to materials transfer; 26.9–27.7% of all workplace accidents in Finland in 2003–2007 were workplace accidents related to materials transfer. Over half (54.7%) of workplace accidents related to materials transfer caused disabilities lasting over 3 days. Most accidents related to materials transfer occurred to men aged 20–49 years. The most common types of injuries were dislocations sprains and strains.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 4; 541-548
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temporal Trend of Occupational Injuries; First Versus Second Half of a Working Shift
Autorzy:
Sanati, K. A.
Yadegarfar, G.
Naghavi, H.
Mansouri, M.
Sanati, J. G. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational injury
temporal trend
hospital referral
shift work
external causes of injury
synthetic fibre factory
Iran
Opis:
Objectives. To assess occupational injuries in the 1st versus 2nd half of a working shift in terms of (a) the likelihood of hospital referral following an injury event; (b) the external causes of injuries. Methods. Logistic regression analyses of data from a 16-year (1991–2007) experience of ongoing surveillance of occupational injuries in a synthetic fiber factory in Iran. Results. The likelihood of a hospital referral following an injury in the 1st half of a shift was higher than in the 2nd half (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–2.00). Comparing the 2 halves of the shift, an injury occurring in the 2nd half was more likely to be due to exposure to smoke, fire and flames (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.06–5.19) or transport accidents (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.06–3.21). Conclusions. Time-specific safety interventions could be used in the risk management of occupational injuries. Further studies to investigate the effect of time-dependent interventions are recommended.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 1; 49-54
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Motivating Ergonomic Computer Workstation Setup: Sometimes Training Is Not Enough
Autorzy:
Sigurdsson, S. O.
Artnak, M.
Needham, M.
Wirth, O.
Silverman, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
computer workstations
incentives
injury prevention
musculoskeletal disorders
training
Opis:
Musculoskeletal disorders lead to pain and suffering and result in high costs to industry. There is evidence to suggest that whereas conventional ergonomics training programs result in knowledge gains, they may not necessarily translate to changes in behavior. There were 11 participants in an ergonomics training program, and a subsample of participants received a motivational intervention in the form of incentives for correct workstation setup. Training did not yield any changes in ergonomics measures for any participant. Incentives resulted in marked and durable changes in targeted workstation measures. The data suggest that improving worker knowledge about ergonomically correct workstation setup does not necessarily lead to correct workstation setup, and that motivational interventions may be needed to achieve lasting behavior change.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 1; 27-33
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Injured Professional Drivers in Poland—An Analysis of the Causes and Effects in Relation to the Time of the Road Accident
Autorzy:
Zużewicz, K.
Konarska, M.
Łuczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
accidents
injury professional drivers
causes
effects
time of accidents
Opis:
Introduction. The objective of the paper was to present the results of an analysis of road accidents in professional drivers in Poland, from the point of view of their age, tenure, accident causes and effects in relation to the time of the accidents they were involved in. Method. Data were obtained from a database of the Central Statistical Office. Accidents recorded in statistical accident cards from 6 consecutive years were analysed. Results. The overall number of injured professional drivers generally decreased over the 6 years, except for the last year of the period when the tendency to fatal and severe accidents between 23:00 and 6:59 increased. The highest percentage of fatal and severe accidents was found between 23:00 and 6:59 and was caused by medical emergencies and unsafe behaviour. The tenure of 70.89% of the injured drivers was under 10 years. Drivers who had worked for over 20 years had fewest injuries between 23:00 and 6:59. Conclusion. The results of the analysis may be used in changing work schedules to reduce the accident risk of the occupational groups at greatest risk.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 1; 81-91
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Construction Workers Reasons for Not Reporting Work-Related Injuries: An Exploratory Study
Autorzy:
Moore, J. T.
Cigularov, K. P.
Sampson, J. M.
Rosecrance, J. C.
Chen, P. Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89703.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational safety
injury under-reporting
construction
budownictwo
bezpieczeństwo pracy
zgłoszenia wypadków
Opis:
Although under-reporting of work-related injuries by workers is recognized as a significant problem in construction and other industries, little is known about the specific reasons for such occurrences. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this study to (a) identify reasons why construction workers may choose not to report work-related injuries, and (b) to investigate the frequency of the identified reasons. Twenty-seven percent of a sample of construction workers (N = 135) indicated that they had failed to report a work-related injury. The most frequent reasons given were related to perceptions of injuries as "small" and "part of the job" as well as fear of negative consequences, which may follow injury reporting. These findings are discussed in terms of practical implications. Strategies to overcome these reasons are suggested to decrease the under-reporting of injuries in the construction industry.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 1; 97-105
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Working Postures at a Construction Site Using the OWAS Method
Autorzy:
Lee, T. H.
Han, C. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90807.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
construction
posture
occupational injury
OWAS
budownictwo
pozycja przy pracy
analiza bezpieczeństwa
Opis:
This study used OWAS to analyze the working postures of construction workers on building the foundations of a log cabin. Three construction workers, with an average work experience of 40 years, participated in this study. Eight elementary jobs of building the foundations of a log cabin were videotaped at a construction site and analyzed later in the laboratory. For an overall distribution of trunk postures, OWAS identified that a bent and twisted trunk posture (34%), which fell into action category 3, was the major poor posture for construction workers. This study also identified that tying beams with steel bars, assembling column templates, and cement grouting of the ground were the 3 principal jobs in which workers building the foundations exhibited poor working posture. This article suggests ways to reduce and evaluate poor posture in a dynamic construction site.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 245-250
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reaction Moment at the L5/S1 Joint During Simulated Forward Slipping With a Handheld Load
Autorzy:
Liu, J.
Lockhart, T.
Kim, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
back injury
load carrying
slips and falls
reactive recovery
obciążenie
plecy
poślizg
Opis:
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of load on the net moment response at the L5/S1 joint during simulated slip events. Six young individuals were instructed to take one step with a handheld load. Sudden floor movement was randomly introduced to simulate unexpected slips. Different loads conditions (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% of body weight) were introduced at random. Three-dimensional net moments at the L5/S1 joint were computed via downward inverse dynamic model. Peak joint moment generated at 30% load level was found to be significantly higher compared to no-load condition. No peak moment differences were found among no-load, 10% or 20% load levels. Additionally, the findings from this study indicated a flexiondominant net L5/S1 joint moment pattern during motion phase associated with slip-induced falls.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 3; 429-436
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Ergonomics Approach Model to Prevention of Occupational Musculoskeletal Injuries
Autorzy:
Koltan, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
low back pain
ergonomic design
heavy lifting
stacking
musculosceletal injury
organizational stress
Opis:
The objective of this study was to prevent occupational musculoskeletal injuries. Our workers stacked boxes of ceramics weighing 10–27 kg, making low back pain common in our enterprise. In all the stacking stations, recommended weight limits (RWL) were separately calculated using the revised National Institute for Occupational Health lifting equation. Since the boxes weighed significantly more than the RWL, we developed a new ergonomic design that completely changed the stacking process. The load put on the workers’ waist vertebrae in the new and the old stacking methods was compared to evaluate the success of the new ergonomic design, using Newton’s third law of motion. Thanks to the new ergonomic design, the load on the workers’ vertebrae decreased by 80%. Due to its simple technology and its very low cost compared to robots, the new ergonomic design can be commonly used in enterprises with repeated and constraining stacking.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 1; 113-124
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Attributes of Occupational Injury Among Workers in the Chemical Industry and Safety Issues
Autorzy:
Khan, M. M. A.
Halim, Z. I.
Iqbal, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90576.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
attribute
occupational injury
workers
chemical industry
safety issues
uraz
przemysł chemiczny
zagrożenia zdrowia
Bangladesz
zagrożenia chemiczne
Opis:
Case-study research was carried out with a view to find the attributes of occupational injury among workers in the chemical industry and to enhance safety issues. Injury data were collected and processed in terms of different variables, such as age, gender, skills, type of hazard, etc. Pareto analysis was then applied to find a pattern of occupational injury among the workers. The study revealed that 79.52% of the injured workers were in the 40–59 age group; 57.14% of accidents occurred during the 1st shift; 73.26% of accidents caused injury to hands, feet, chest to thigh, arms and eyes; and 70.93% of injuries were caused by pumps, carrying and lifting, vehicles, pipelines, valves, and grinding. Surprisingly, no one was injured in the group of temporary workers. The paper also provides specific suggestions followed by some action plans.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 3; 327-341
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effects of Experience and the Presence of a Scaffold Handrail on Postural and Spinal Stability in Construction Workers
Autorzy:
Min, S. N.
Kim, J. Y.
Parnianpour, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
fall
low back pain
postural stability
lumbar stability
construction
injury
ból pleców
stabilność postawy
pracownicy budowlani
rusztowanie budowlane
Opis:
The goal of this study was to quantify the effect of experience and handrail presence on trunk muscle activities, rotational spinal stiffness and postural stability of construction workers. We evaluated spinal stability, and objective and subjective postural stability in 4 expert and 4 novice construction workers who were performing a manual task in a standing position on a scaffold, with and without a safety handrail. Center of pressure was computed using measurements taken with insole pressure transducers. Muscle activity was monitored usingsurface electrodes placed on 8 trunk muscles that predicted active trunk rotational stiffness. Standard deviations of the center of pressure, back muscle activity and spinal stiffness were greater in novices and in the absence of a handrail. We infer that the risk of a fall due to postural and spinal instability may be greater with a lower level of experience and in the absence of a safety handrail.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 3; 491-502
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation and Quantification of Manual Materials Handling Risk Factors
Autorzy:
Sesek, R.
Gilkey, D.
Drinkaus, P.
Bloswick, D. S.
Herron, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation
low back injury
ergonomic modeling
czynnik ryzyka
prace niebezpieczne
ergonomia
choroby kręgosłupa
prace ręczne
Opis:
This study investigated the ability of the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation (RNLE) to measure the risk of low back injury as verified by employee health outcomes. In addition, several basic risk factors and combinations of risk factors presumed related to low back disorders were explored. The RNLE was modified to allow analysis of one-handed and two-handed, asymmetric lifts. Predictive performance was not changed. Simplifying the RNLE by removing several variables did not significantly reduce the RNLE’s predictive performance. These modifications to the RNLE show promise for increasing both the usability and utility of the RNLE.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2003, 9, 3; 271-287
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occupational Risk Factors and Back Injury
Autorzy:
Craig, B. N.
Congleton, J. J.
Beier, E.
Kerk, C. J.
Amendola, A. A.
Gaines, W. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational risk factors
manual materials handling
occupationally-related back injury
czynniki ryzyka
choroby narządów ruchu
ręczne prace transportowe
przenoszenie materiałów
Opis:
Twenty-one risk factors affecting laborers in manual materials handling tasks were analyzed to determine what, if any, statistically significant relationships existed between the factors and the emergence of occupational back injury. The statistically significant risk factors (p ≤.05) in the univariate analysis were determined to be weight lifted per hour (work intensity), trunk twists per hour, weight lifted per day, frequency of lift, trunk motions per hour, and trunk flexions per hour, with odds ratios (ORs) of 1.28-2.88. In addition, self-reported discomfort in the neck, middle back, knees, and lower back was associated with the outcome of back injury (p ≤.05, OR 1.75-2.66). In the multivariate analysis, the statistically significant risk factors (p ≤.05) were weight lifted per hour (work intensity), average weight of lift, and number of trunk twists per hour, with ORs of 1.74-4.98.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 335-345
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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