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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 66
Tytuł:
Ergonomics Interventions at Badger Mining Corporation
Autorzy:
Torma-Krajewski, J.
Lehman, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
egonomics processes
participatory ergonomics
ergonomics interventions
Opis:
In 2005, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and Badger Mining Corporation entered a partnership to implement ergonomics interventions, including a systematic process, to address exposure to risk factors that may result in musculoskeletal disorders or other types of injuries/illnesses. As a result of this partnership, an ergonomics process was integrated with the existing safety and health programme to promote an on-going application of ergonomics principles, and over 40 task-specific interventions were implemented during the first year of the process. This paper presents details of the process integration, and several examples of task-specific interventions that reduced exposure to risk factors.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 3; 351-359
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Participatory Ergonomics Intervention in an Industrially Developing Country—A Case Study
Autorzy:
Helali, F.
Lonnroth, E. C.
Shahnavaz, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics tools
intervention
participatory ergonomics
industrially developing countries
Opis:
In industrially developing countries, a few ergonomists have directed great efforts towards developing ergonomics awareness among managers and workers in organizations. There is little research on the degree of their success, though. Furthermore, access of organizations to ergonomics knowledge is usually very difficult, especially in industrially developing countries. Thus, building ergonomics awareness is certainly the first phase of the process. Three companies from one industry (44 people: 14 females and 30 males) participated in a project aimed at improving their work system. At the beginning, we needed to create a common goal and ensure participation with appropriate ergonomics tools. The findings of this study were the key issue for the ergonomics intervention (i.e., a shared vision, awakened need of change and learning). Further, to build ergonomics awareness and develop a continuous learning process in the company, it was necessary to use more ergonomics tools through workers’ participation in different workplaces.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 159-176
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomics Hazards Analysis of Linemen’s Power Line Fixing Work in China
Autorzy:
Yu, M.
Sun, L.
Du, J.
Wu, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
hazards
linemen
musculoskeletal disorders
Opis:
This study used qualitative and quantitative methods, such as OWAS (Ovako working posture analysis system) and behavior observation, to analyze musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) risk factors of power line fixing work in China. Video-based sampling was used to record and analyze the frequency and posture of on-pole activities. Those key subtasks showed ergonomics characteristics of on-pole fixing tasks. Insulator-fixing was the longest subtask (33% of total working time). Bar-installing was the second longest (26% of total working time). It was evident that bar-installing and insulator-fixing were full of hazardous risks. The action categories of the 2 subtasks were higher than of the other ones. The 2 subtasks were also time-consuming, difficult and induced MSDs. Assistant linemen faced more hazardous factors than chief linemen.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 3; 309-317
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Musculoskeletal Risk Assessment in Small Furniture Manufacturing Workshops
Autorzy:
Nejad, N. H.
Choobineh, A.
Rahimifard, H.
Haidari, H. R.
Tabatabaei, S. H. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
musculoskeletal disorders
ergonomics assessment
ergonomics checklist
furniture industry
zaburzenia układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego
ergonomia
przemysł meblarski
Opis:
In Iran, furniture is mainly manufactured in small workshops, where most activities are performed manually. This study was conducted among workers of furniture workshops to determine prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and to assess ergonomic working conditions to identify major risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. In this study, 410 randomly selected furniture workers participated. The Nordic questionnaire and an ergonomics checklist consisting of 6 sections were used as data collection tools. An index was calculated for each section of the checklist. Action categories indicating the priority of corrective measures were also defined. The highest prevalence of symptoms was reported in the knees (39%), lower back (35.6%) and wrists/hands (29.5%). It was found that manual material handling, poor workstation design and awkward working postures were associated with the reported symptoms in these regions (OR 1.77–4.52). Poor general working conditions and work organization showed association as well. Any interventional measures should focus on these areas.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 2; 275-284
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Video-Based Observation Method to Assess Musculoskeletal Load in Kitchen Work
Autorzy:
Pehkonen, I.
Ketola, R.
Ranta, R.
Takala, E. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90868.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
exposure
posture
force
repeatability
validity
Opis:
This paper describes a new video-based observation method aimed to assess musculoskeletal load in kitchen work, aspects of its repeatability and validity, and problems confronted by the observers. Two pairs of researchers observed individually 117 video clips recorded in kitchens. Interobserver repeatability was assessed by computing the proportion of agreement and weighted kappa values (κw). Validity was analyzed by studying the distribution of the assessments over the rating scales and the ratings before and after the interventions, which were compared with expert assessments made from the same intervention targets. The proportion of agreement ranged from 57 to 88%. Interobserver repeatability based on weighted kappa values was mainly good to moderate. The method detected the changes in physical load due to the interventions. Direction of the changes corresponded with the expert assessments. Further development of the method is needed to assess the load on the hands and wrists.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 1; 75-88
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomic Hand Tool and Desk and Chair Development Process
Autorzy:
Shin, D.
Kim, J. Y.
Hallbeck, M. S.
Haight, J. M.
Jung, M. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89795.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics process
hand tool
desk and chair
Opis:
This paper suggests a practical and simple process consisting of 8 stages: needs assessment, ergonomics guidelines, anthropometry, brainstorming and idea sketch, preliminary model, drafting and rendering, working prototype, and user trials. The feasibility of this process was verified with the development of a modified clamping hand tool and a new student desk and chair. The case studies showed how design difficulties were overcome by integrating ergonomics guidelines in the process.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 247-252
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heuristic Job Rotation Procedures for Reducing Daily Exposure to Occupational Hazards
Autorzy:
Yaoyuenyong, S.
Nanthavanij, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
job rotation
ergonomics
occupational hazards
work assignments
Opis:
This paper discusses 2 heuristic job rotation procedures for preventing industrial workers from being excessively exposed to ergonomics and safety hazards in their workplaces. The objective of the procedures is 2-fold: (a) to find a minimum number of workers required for the given set of jobs, and (b) to determine a set of safe worker–job–period assignments such that all workers’ exposure to hazard does not exceed the permissible limit. Here, occupational hazards are divided into 2 categories: single- and variable-limit hazards. In the first category, workers are considered to have equal capability to withstand the hazard; in the second category, the limit of hazard exposure varies for different individuals. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the procedures.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 195-206
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomic Risk Factors for Cumulative Trauma Disorders in VDU Operators
Autorzy:
Turhan, N.
Akat, C.
Akyuz, M.
Cakci, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89783.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
VDU operators
cumulative trauma disorders
ergonomics
posture
Opis:
The objectives of this study were to investigate the rate of cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) in the upper body and to describe the associations of such disorders with ergonomic parameters in a group of data entry operators. A total of 173 data entry operators volunteered to take part in the study. Questionnaires were used to investigate their medical history. Diagnoses of CTDs were made with clinical tests. A visual posture analysis of the workers and an ergonomic analysis of workstations and workload were used to reveal risk factors. Neck and shoulder pain, extensor tendonitis of the wrists and De Quervain’s disease were common in the study population. An assessment of risk factors showed that leaning wrists on the keyboard, hard keystrokes, extreme wrist joint and thumb positions and working in poor ergonomic design were correlated to pain and development of CTDs.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 4; 417-422
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design Considerations to Enhance the Safety of Patient Compartments in Ambulance Transporters
Autorzy:
Byran, E.
Gilad, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90203.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ambulance interior
paramedics' safety
back posture
ergonomics
Opis:
The safety of the interior of ambulances is dubious and, in the event of sudden impact during emergency transport, potentially perilous to patients they carry. The workplace ergonomics of the interior of the passenger cabin is lacking. This article discusses an improved ergonomic interior design based on study findings, observations and subjective perception. It suggests design aspects and safety concepts aimed at increasing the safety of patients and paramedic staff inside the ambulance as a mobile workstation.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 2; 221-231
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of Ergonomics as a Quality Improvement Tool in a Manual Assembly Task
Autorzy:
Wick, H. S.
Bloswick, D. S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89839.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
quality
ergonomics
assembly
design
jakość
ergonomia
montaż ręczny
Opis:
This study attempted to identify a direct relationship between the design characteristics of a manually-assembled product, exposure to work-related ergonomic risk factors, and improvement in product quality. The study considered (a) Accessibility (ease of approach) and Guidance (ease of alignment and positioning) as Design Variables, (b) Shoulder Abduction, Trunk Lateral Flexion, Rate-Normalized Percentage of Maximal Voluntary Contraction (%MVC) of the Wrist Flexors, Wrist Extensors, and Deltoids, and Frequency of Attachment as Ergonomics Variables, and (c) Percentage of Attachment Too Loose, Too Tight, and Misaligned as Quality Variables. Postural data, surface EMG data, and quality data were collected from 10 participants performing four 10-min repetitive manual assembly tasks with plastic threaded nuts, bolts, flat parts, and open-box parts. Unobstructed accessibility of manually-assembled parts was associated with decreased exposure to awkward trunk posture, decreased activity of the wrist flexors and extensors, increased frequency of repetitive motion, and a decrease in the tendency to attach parts too loosely. Accessibility had no effect on misalignment defects as measured. Part guidance decreased the number of parts attached too tightly and aided in increasing the rate of assembly of parts when there was unobstructed access to parts
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 1; 19-42
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Health Risk Factors in Different Seasons of Carpet Industry in Kashmir, India
Autorzy:
Wani, K. A.
Jaiswal, Y. K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
carpet industry
health problems
ergonomics
seasonal variation
Kashmir
Opis:
Carpet workers are exposed to different types of health risk factors in different seasons of the year. As the environmental conditions become harsh, risk for developing various types of diseases increases. These problems are further aggravated when the environmental conditions at the workplace deteriorate. An attempt has been made to study the health risk factors in the carpet industry in different seasons of the year. It has been concluded that in winter weavers are affected by several types of health risk factors as compared to the other seasons.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 4; 571-577
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Examination of Shoulder Postures and Moments of Force Among Different Skill Levels in the Wool Harvesting Industry
Autorzy:
Gregory, D. E.
Pal, P.
Carman, A.
Milosavljevic, S.
Callaghan, J. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
performance
ergonomics
sheep shearing
biomechanics
shoulder
skill
posture
Opis:
The wool harvesting industry employs workers of varying skill levels that differ in both quality and number of harvested fleeces. As it was unknown how skill affected parameters such as joint posture and loading, the current study comparatively examined 140 wool harvesting workers representing 4 skill levels during wool harvesting competitions. Three-dimensional upper limb postures and peak and cumulative shoulder moments were calculated for each worker. Results indicated that elite wool harvesters, in general, used different shoulder postures to perform the harvesting tasks and were thus exposed to different shoulder moments as compared to the lower skill levels. It is plausible that these adopted postures allow the higher class workers to perform their job with higher quality and greater speed as compared to the lower ranked workers. Postural-based training may help improve technique in lower ranked workers and enable these workers to achieve higher ranked status.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 4; 409-418
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ergonomics and Quality Management – Humans in Interaction With Technology, Work Environment, and Organization
Autorzy:
Eklund, J. A. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90495.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
quality
productivity
improvement strategy
ergonomia
jakość
wydajność
Opis:
In many studies, ergonomics has been shown to influence human performance. The aim of this paper was to demonstrate imp ortan t ergonomics influences on qu ality in industrial production, from the perspective of interactions between humans, technology, organization, and work environment. A second aim was to elab orate on the imp lica tion s of these find in gs for the development of quality management strategies. This paper shows that ergonomics problems in terms of adverse work environmental conditions, in ap prop ria te design of technology, and an unsuitable org an izatio n are imp ortan t causes of quality deficiencies. Problem solving aimed at improving ergonomics, quality, and pro du ctivity simultaneously is likely to ob tain sup po rt from most o f the interest parties of the company, and may also enhance participation. Ergonomics has the potential of becoming a driving force for the development of new quality management strategies.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1999, 5, 2; 143-160
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Validity and Reliability of a Job Factors Questionnaire Related to the Work Tasks of Physical Therapists
Autorzy:
Shimabukuro, V. G. P.
Alexandre, N. M.C.
Coluci, M.Z.O.
Rosecrance, J. C.
Gallani, M. C. J. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91050.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMDs)
job factors
ergonomics
Opis:
Physical therapists engage in work tasks that expose them to occupational risk factors related to musculoskeletal disorders. Due to the gap in the literature on instruments focused on those workers, this study adapted a job factors questionnaire to physical therapists, and assessed its psychometric properties. The questionnaire was adapted and its content validity was established. The psychometric properties were evaluated among 142 physical therapists. Reliability was verified using the temporal-stability design and internal consistency. Construct validity was assessed with the known-groups technique. Test–retest results demonstrated intraclass correlation coefficients between .82 and .90 (p < .001). Cronbach’s α of .91 verified the reliability of the questionnaire. The known-groups technique demonstrated a statistically significant difference on the scores of the items when physical therapists were compared to office workers. The results indicated that the adapted questionnaire had acceptable psychometric properties for assessing problematic job factors among physical therapists working in hospitals.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2012, 18, 1; 15-26
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Manual Handling Injuries in Health Care Workers
Autorzy:
Bewick, N.
Gardner, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
manual handling
health care
ergonomics
ergonomia
personel pielęgniarski
urazy
Opis:
Nursing aides are particularly susceptible to manual handling injuries because they have the primary responsibility for heavy lifting. The aim of this study was to determine why a specific group of nursing aides have the highest manual handling injury rate in their hospital. The study investigated the adequacy of the manual handling training program, knowledge of manual handling, mechanical aid availability, and use of mechanical aids. Results indicated that the nursing aides’ manual handling knowledge was adequate but that they rarely used mechanical aids. This lack of use of aids was in part due to an over-reliance on their own strength and abilities. This may have been due to a lack of suitable mechanical aids on the wards or a lack of familiarity with the available aids. This study suggests that neither training alone nor the purchase of equipment alone is likely to resolve manual handling problems.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 2; 209-221
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 66

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