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Wyszukujesz frazę "Developing countries" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
Tytuł:
Participatory Ergonomics Intervention in an Industrially Developing Country—A Case Study
Autorzy:
Helali, F.
Lonnroth, E. C.
Shahnavaz, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics tools
intervention
participatory ergonomics
industrially developing countries
Opis:
In industrially developing countries, a few ergonomists have directed great efforts towards developing ergonomics awareness among managers and workers in organizations. There is little research on the degree of their success, though. Furthermore, access of organizations to ergonomics knowledge is usually very difficult, especially in industrially developing countries. Thus, building ergonomics awareness is certainly the first phase of the process. Three companies from one industry (44 people: 14 females and 30 males) participated in a project aimed at improving their work system. At the beginning, we needed to create a common goal and ensure participation with appropriate ergonomics tools. The findings of this study were the key issue for the ergonomics intervention (i.e., a shared vision, awakened need of change and learning). Further, to build ergonomics awareness and develop a continuous learning process in the company, it was necessary to use more ergonomics tools through workers’ participation in different workplaces.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2008, 14, 2; 159-176
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Ergonomics Study of a Semiconductors Factory in an IDC for Improvement in Occupational Health and Safety
Autorzy:
Bin, W. S.
Richardson, S.
Yeow, P. H. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics methods
ergonomic interventions
occupational health and safety (OHS)
semiconductor industry
industrially developing countries (IDCs)
Opis:
The study aimed to conduct an ergonomic intervention on a conventional line (CL) in a semiconductor factory in Malaysia, an industrially developing country (IDC), to improve workers’ occupational health and safety (OHS). Low-cost and simple (LCS) ergonomics methods were used (suitable for IDCs), e.g., subjective assessment, direct observation, use of archival data and assessment of noise. It was found that workers were facing noise irritation, neck and back pains and headache in the various processes in the CL. LCS ergonomic interventions to rectify the problems included installing noise insulating covers, providing earplugs, installing elevated platforms, slanting visual display terminals and installing extra exhaust fans. The interventions cost less than 3 000 USD but they significantly improved workers’ OHS, which directly correlated with an improvement in working conditions and job satisfaction. The findings are useful in solving OHS problems in electronics industries in IDCs as they share similar manufacturing processes, problems and limitations.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 3; 345-356
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Working Life Across Cultures: ‘‘Work Life 2000: Quality in Work’’ and Occupational Health Education in Developing Countries
Autorzy:
Knave, B.
Ennals, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational health
healthy work
developing countries
dialogue
learning from differences
higiena pracy
kraje rozwijające się
dialog
Opis:
The article reflects on the changing world of work, and the challenges presented to both occupational health and occupational health education. We draw on the 63 preparatory workshops and the international conference in the ‘‘Work Life 2000: Quality in Work’’ program, an initiative of the Swedish Presidency of the European Union. The International Commission on Occupational Health is introduced, with particular concentration on a current practical project initiated by the Department of Health in South Africa, intended to lead to a set of projects, networking for occupational health education in developing countries. The practical initiatives cast light on a new set of issues that arise when occupational health and safety crosses cultural barriers, and previously separate comparative cases are linked.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 4; 435-448
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Costs of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in Developing Countries: Colombia Case
Autorzy:
Piedrahita, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
musculoskeletal disorders
productivity
cost
developing countries
Kolumbia
koszty chorób
choroby narządów ruchu
choroba zawodowa
gospodarki w stadium przejściowym
Opis:
The real burden of occupational diseases, specifically work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), and its impact on workers’ productivity is not known. The situation is critical in developing countries where only cases that cause workers’ disability are recorded. In this study, the incidence of MSDs in Colombia was estimated by using the age and gender specific double incidence rate of repetitive strain injuries diseases in Finland for 2002. The results showed that the estimated number of MSDs recorded in Colombia during 2005 was 23,477 cases at the rate of 11.6 cases per 10,000 workers. The estimated total cost of these MSD cases relative to workers’ productivity was US $171.7 million, representing around 0.2% of Colombia’s Gross Domestic Product for 2005. The systematic appraisal of the incidence of MSDs and their associated cost on workers’ productivity are necessary in developing countries to reduce the costly impact on productivity and to increase workers’ well-being.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 379-386
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders at Workplaces in the Peoples Republic of China
Autorzy:
Bao, S.
Winkel, J.
Shahnavaz, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90895.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
ergonomics
epidemiology
cross-sectional study
low back pain
shoulder-neck disorders
developing countries
assembly workers
ergonomia
epidemiologia
ból pleców
kraje rozwijające się
Opis:
This paper presents 2 musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire surveys in 10 different Chinese occupational groups. Data collected from 1,603 workers using a modified Nordic musculoskeletal disorders symptom questionnaire showed that the 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the low back and shoulder-neck regions, was high at many Chinese workplaces. Significant differences existed between occupational groups. Assembly workers usually had higher neck-shoulder complaints compared to workers in most other occupations. However, the nature of assembly seemed also to influence the prevalence rate. Workers at a cassette recorder and a TV set assembly plant appeared to have more neck complaints compared with a group of thermos flask assemblers.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2000, 6, 4; 557-574
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Action-Oriented Support for Occupational Safety and Health Programs in Some Developing Countries in Asia
Autorzy:
Kawakami, T.
Kogi, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
action-oriented support
occupational safety and health
small enterprises rural workers
Asian developing countries
bezpieczeństwo i higiena pracy
małe przedsiębiorstwa
przedsiębiorstwa rolne
Azja
Opis:
Action-oriented support programs have been increasingly playing vital roles in promoting safety and health in developing countries in Asia. This paper studied achievements of 3 action-oriented support programs: the WISE program for small enterprises, the WIND program for farmers, and the POSITIVE program for workers and trade unions. Special attention was paid to how the programs have strengthened local efforts for sustainable actions in safety and health improvements. The results showed that there were significant achievements in action-oriented support programs in the region, including a large number of improvement examples, integration into government policies, and network support through employers’ and workers’ organizations. Participatory, action-oriented training tools such as action-checklists, local good example photos, and group work methods played key roles in the effective implementation of the programs. It was of note that there were a number of local efforts to extend the coverage of action-oriented support even to hard-to-reach workers such as home-based workers, rural workers, and ethnic minorities. The efforts included the equal participation in the training by female and male farmers, shortened and weekend training programs, photo sheets showing local good examples, and reasonable fee collection for better sustainability. In conclusion, action-oriented support programs provided local people with concrete means to promote safety and health improvements. The successful programs commonly focused on local initiatives and were built on local wisdom and resources.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2001, 7, 4; 421-434
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Major Health Risk Factors in Iranian Hand-Woven Carpet Industry
Autorzy:
Choobineh, A.
Shahnavaz, H.
Lahmi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
small-scale industries
cottage industries
hand-woven carpet industry
industrially developing countries
czynniki ryzyka
zagrożenia zdrowia
wytwarzanie wyrobów włókienniczych
małe przedsiębiorstwo
kraje rozwijające się
tkacz
warsztat
Opis:
This paper reviews the role and importance of small-scale industries together with the issue of occupational health problems and their causes in Iranian hand-woven carpet industry as a typical informal small-scale industry in an industrially developing country. The objective of this paper is to review health risk factors and related occupational health and ergonomic problems in the carpet industry. Since the overwhelming majority of weavers. health problems originate from ergonomic risk factors, it is concluded that any improvement program in this industry should focus on ergonomic aspects. To assess ergonomic conditions in weaving workshops, a checklist has been developed and an ergonomics index indicating the ergonomic conditions of the workshop has been proposed. To test and verify the checklist, 50 weaving workshops were visited and their ergonomic conditions were assessed. Based on the results some modifications were made and the checklist was shown to be an effective tool.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 1; 65-78
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Musculoskeletal Symptoms as Related to Ergonomic Factors in Iranian Hand-Woven Carpet Industry and General Guidelines for Workstation Design
Autorzy:
Choobineh, A.
Lahmi, M.
Shahnavaz, H.
Jazani, R. K.
Hosseini, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90070.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
MSDs in small-scale industries
posture assessment in carpet hand weaving operation
MSDs in industrially developing countries (IDCs)
weaving workstation design
zagrożenia zdrowia
wytwarzanie wyrobów włókienniczych
małe przedsiębiorstwo
kraje rozwijające się
projektowanie miejsc pracy
pozycja przy pracy
choroby narządów ruchu
fizjologia narządów ruchu
choroby mięśni
Opis:
Carpet weaving is a high risk occupation for developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The objectives of the present study, which was carried out in the Iranian hand-woven carpet industry, were determination of the prevalence of MSD symptoms, identification of major factors associated with MSD symptoms and development of guidelines for workstation design. 1,439 randomly selected weavers participated in this study. A questionnaire was used to collect data on MSD symptoms. The results revealed that the prevalence rates for symptoms in different body regions were high as compared to the general Iranian population (for neck, back and large joints, p < .0001). The results of multivariate analyses showed that major ergonomic factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms were loom type, working posture, daily working time and seat type. Based on the results, some general guidelines for designing weaving workstations were developed. A prototype test showed that the new workstation was acceptable for subject tests and that it improved working posture.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 2; 157-168
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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