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Tytuł:
Assessing the Interplay Between the Shoulders and Low Back During Manual Patient Handling Techniques in a Nursing Setting
Autorzy:
Belbeck, A.
Cudlip, A. C.
Dickerson, C. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
nursing
electromyography
shoulder
low back
ergonomics
ergonomia
personel pielęgniarski
techniki podnoszenia pacjentów
plecy
Opis:
The purpose of this research was to quantify shoulder demands during freestyle manual patient handling (MPH) tasks and determine whether approaches intended to prevent low back injury increased shoulder demands. Twenty females completed 5 MPH tasks found commonly in hospital settings before and after a training session using current workplace MPH guidelines. Most normalized muscle activity indices and ratings of perceived exertion decreased following training at both the low back and shoulders, but were more pronounced at the low back. There was little evidence to suggest that mechanical demands were transferred from the low back to the shoulders following the training session. The study generally supports continued use of the recommended MPH techniques, but indicates that several tasks generate high muscular demands and should be avoided if possible.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 127-137
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Field Quantification of Physical Exposures of Police Officers in Vehicle Operation
Autorzy:
McKinnon, C. D.
Callaghan, J. P.
Dickerson, C. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90976.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
police officers
driving
activity characterization
mobile data terminal
Opis:
Mobile police officers perform many of their daily duties in their vehicles. Combined workspace inflexibility and prolonged driving create potential musculoskeletal injury risks. Limited research exists that quantitatively describes postural and load exposures associated with mobile police work. The purpose of this study was to characterize officer activity during a typical workday and identify opportunities for ergonomic intervention. Digital video of traffic officers (N = 10) was used to classify postures according to work activity. Cumulative time in 10 activities was calculated, and a time-history of driver activity documented. Most (55.5 ± 13.4%) time was out of the vehicle, and 22.3 ± 10.5% was spent in single-arm driving. On paper documentation and mobile data terminal use were identified as in-car activities that may benefit from targeted interventions. The primary contribution of this study is characterization of daily mobile police activity and the identification of possible intervention strategies to mitigate physical exposure levels.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 1; 61-68
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Injury Risk in Behind Armor Blunt Thoracic Trauma
Autorzy:
Bass, C. R.
Salzar, R. S.
Lucas, C. R.
Davis, M.
Donnellan, L.
Folk, B.
Sanderson, E.
Waclawik, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90978.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
blunt trauma
Thora
armor
ballistic
zagrożenia zdrowia
zagrożenia mechaniczne
uszkodzenie kości
profilaktyka
środki ochrony indywidualnej
służba wojskowa
kamizelka kuloodporna
Opis:
First responders and military personnel are particularly susceptible to behind armor blunt thoracic trauma in occupational scenarios. The objective of this study was to develop an armored thorax injury risk criterion for short duration ballistic impacts. 9 cadavers and 2 anthropomorphic test dummies (AUSMAN and NIJ 0101.04 surrogate) were tested over a range of velocities encompassing low severity impacts, medium severity impacts, and high severity impacts based upon risk of sternal fracture. Thoracic injuries ranged from minor skin abrasions (abbreviated injury scale [AIS] 1) to severe sternal fractures (AIS 3+) and were well correlated with impact velocity and bone mineral density. 8 male cadavers were used in the injury risk criterion development. A 50% risk of AIS 3+ injury corresponded to a peak impact force of 24,900 ± 1,400 N. The AUSMAN impact force correlated strongly with impact velocity. Recommendations to improve the biofidelity of the AUSMAN include implementing more realistic viscera and decreasing the skin thickness.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 429-442
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of Mobile Data Terminal Use on Posture and Low-Back Discomfort When Combined With Simulated Prolonged Driving in Police Cruisers
Autorzy:
Gruevski, K. M.
McKinnon, C. D.
Dickerson, C. R.
Callaghan, J. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational driving
low-back discomfort
mobile data terminals
police officers
pozycja przy pracy
kierowcy i maszyniści
nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
dyskomfort
policjant
kierowcy zawodowi
Opis:
The introduction of mobile computing within a constrained vehicle environment has led to changes in the task demands of occupational groups such as professional drivers and law enforcement officers. The purpose of this study was to examine how mobile data terminal (MDT) use interacts with prolonged driving to induce postural changes or low-back discomfort. Eighteen participants (9 male, 9 female) completed two 120-min simulated driving sessions. Time-varying lumbar spine and pelvis postures, seat pan interface pressures and ratings of perceived discomfort were recorded at 15-min intervals. The introduction of a computer interface decreased pelvic posterior rotation by an average of 15° with respect to upright standing and increased peak average discomfort in the neck (5.9 mm), left shoulder (6.8 mm), midback (10.9 mm), low back (10.6 mm) and pelvis (11.5 mm) compared to driving alone. The incorporation of mobile computing warrants consideration in the design of vehicle work environments.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 415-422
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Understanding the Effect of Speed of Exertion on Isokinetic Strength Using a Multiaxial Dynamometer
Autorzy:
Nimbarte, A. D.
Aghazadeh, F.
Bogolu, S. C. R.
Rajulu, S. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
isokinetic strength
fatigue
repetitions
Opis:
In this study a multiaxial isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure strength during various upper-body isokinetic exertions. Ten male participants performed 7 different upper-body isokinetic exertions. In addition, to evaluate the effect of speed on strength, each participant performed sitting pull exertions at the speed of 0.026, 0.130, and 0.260 m/s. Average isokinetic strength increased from 236.6 ± 39.1 to 291.8 ± 65.8 N with the initial increase in speed from 0.026 to 0.130 m/s. The average isokinetic strength decreased to 276.7 ± 87.2 N with a further increase in speed to 0.260 m/s. The curve between isokinetic strength and speed followed a bell-shaped curve (fitted with the Gaussian function, R2 = .9). The results of this study could be useful in deciding on the work pace of various manual material handling tasks requiring maximal and/or near maximal exertions.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2009, 15, 3; 255-263
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occupational, Personal and Psychosocial Resources for Preventing Persistent Low Back Pain
Autorzy:
Melloh, M.
Salathe, C. R.
Elfering, A.
Kaser, A.
Barz, T.
Aghayev, E.
Roder, C.
Theis, J. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90429.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
occupational
health outcomes
low back pain
predictors
prognosis
prospective cohort study
badania naukowe
nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
zagrożenia zdrowia
profilaktyka
czynnik ludzki
czynniki psychospołeczne
czynniki zawodowe
czynniki personalne
Opis:
The aim of this prospective cohort study was to identify modifiable protective factors of the progression of acute/subacute low back pain (LBP) to the persistent state at an early stage to reduce the socioeconomic burden of persistent LBP. Patients attending a health practitioner for acute/subacute LBP were assessed at baseline addressing occupational, personal and psychosocial factors, and followed up over 12 weeks. Pearson correlations were calculated between these baseline factors and the presence of nonpersistent LBP at 12-week follow-up. For those factors found to be significant, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The final 3-predictor model included job satisfaction, mental health and social support. The accuracy of the model was 72%, with 81% of nonpersistent and 60% of persistent LBP patients correctly identified. Further research is necessary to confirm the role of different types of social support regarding their prognostic influence on the development of persistent LBP.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 1; 29-40
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Occupational Exposure to Power Frequency Fields in Some Electrical Transformation Stations in Romania
Autorzy:
Goiceanu, C.
Danulescu, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90127.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
narażenie zawodowe
power frequency
electric and magnetic fields
occupational exposure
transformation stations
transformator
pole elektromagnetyczne
zagrożenia zdrowia
Rumunia
Opis:
The aim of this study is to investigate the levels of electric and magnetic power frequency fields at 8 electrical transformation stations in the North-East counties of Romania and to check their compliance with standards Spot measurements were carried out on both electric and magnetic fields under overhead conductors of 110-, 220- and 380-kV installations. The magnetic field levels were several orders of magnitude below the reference level for occupational exposure set by ICNIRP (International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation) or by Romanian regulations. In contrast, the electric field levels were about the same order of magnitude as the reference levels. In 2 electrical stations the reference level of 10 kV/m was exceeded at specific locations within the outdoor installations area. However, the additional reference level for short-time exposure included in Romanian regulations, 30 kV/m, was not exceeded.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 2; 149-153
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artificial Neural Networks – Modern Systems for Safety Control
Autorzy:
Kosiński, R. A.
Kozłowski, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90104.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
artificial neural networks
safety control
control system
kontrola bezpieczeństwa
sztuczne sieci neuronowe
system sterowania
Opis:
A short review of the applications of artificial neural networks in different fields of industry with a description of their main properties is made. Such systems have specific properties typical for the human brain, which can decide on the superiority of artificial neural networks over standard control systems. Basic types of such networks as well as their principles of operation and successful applications are described. The application of artificial neural networks in safety engineering is discussed with stress on their special properties, which are necessary in safety critical systems.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 1998, 4, 3; 317-332
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Steam Formation and Migration in Firefighters’ Protective Clothing Using X-Ray Radiography
Autorzy:
Keiser, C.
Wyss, P.
Rossi, R. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
X-ray radiography
evaporation
steam transfer
protective clothing
firefighting
heat and mass transfer
Opis:
X-ray radiography was used to quantify evaporation and moisture transfer in a multilayer firefighter protective clothing system with defined wetted layers exposed to low thermal radiation. Evaporation was faster and took place at higher temperatures if the moisture was located in the outer layers of the clothing system. Moisture that evaporated in the outer layers of the clothing system was found to move inwards and condense in the inner layers and on the cap of the measurement cell. Results found in this study correlated well with the findings of our former study based on simple temperature distribution measurements to determine moisture transfer in protective clothing layers at low level thermal radiation.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2010, 16, 2; 217-229
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study of the Workload of Underground Trammers in the Ranigang Coal Field Area of West Bengal, India
Autorzy:
Dey, N.C.
Samanta, A.
Saha, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
physiological workload
underground trammer
coal mine
aerobic capacity
wydobycie węgla
procesy produkcyjne
obciążenie fizyczne
górnictwo podziemne
pracownik
Indie
obciążenie pracą
Opis:
Thirty healthy trammers were examined in underground haulage mines during their normal activity. Physiological strain in terms of heart rate (HR) varied between 101.6 and 104.7 beats/min with mean net cardiac cost of 33.06 and 34.06 beats/min for younger and older groups respectively. The average relative cardiac cost was lower for younger subjects than for older ones. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured with an Oxylog-II machine (UK); subsequently values were estimated. Maximum aerobic capacity was estimated with an indirect method following a standard step test protocol. The responses revealed that the average VO2 during the activity was 0.75 and 0.8 L/min, which corresponded to energy expenditure (EE) of 3.8 and 3.97 Kcal/min for younger and older subjects respectively. The workload in terms of HR and EE was moderate, whereas the aerobic strain experienced by aged workers was above the acceptable level.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 399-407
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Work Ability of Workers in Different Age Groups in a Public Health Institution in Brazil
Autorzy:
Monteiro, M. S.
Ilmarinen, J.
Filho, H. R. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89793.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
aging workers
work ability index
cross-sectional study
zdolność do pracy
Brazylia
starsi pracownicy
Opis:
Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine the associations between demographics, work, lifestyle, housework, and the work ability of workers. Methods. Employees between the ages of 20 and 69 (N = 651), employed at a Brazilian public institution, responded to a questionnaire on demographics, work, lifestyle characteristics, and work ability. Results. Work ability decreased significantly with age among the women. The younger group had higher scores on the work ability index than the older age groups, except for mental resources. The logistic regression analysis showed that higher age, lower education, and long work history at the institution were significantly associated with reduced work ability. Conclusions. The progressive aging, the low level of education, and the long duration work in the studied institution were related to a reduction in work ability, which increases the risk of work disability or early retirement.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2006, 12, 4; 417-427
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A New Approach to Measuring Work-Related Well-Being
Autorzy:
Orsila, R.
Luukkaala, T.
Manka, M. L.
Nygard, C. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91139.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
work-related well-being
organizational climate
intrinsic factors
Opis:
The main aim of this study was to develop a short questionnaire to assess work-related well-being from the organizational behaviour perspective. The short well-being questionnaire enables measuring longitudinal work-related well-being. Work-related well-being was assessed with a 147-item questionnaire covering both organizational and intrinsic factors of work-related well-being. The questionnaire consisted of 27 categories. The respondents were 114 women (65%) and 62 men (35%), mean age 39.2 years, in various occupations. From the extensive questionnaire a shorter questionnaire with 33 items was developed by principal component analysis. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure to test the sampling adequacy of 27 factor solutions varied from .62 to .91 and Cronbachʼs α was .74–.94. Most κ values of the shorter questionnaire were .50–.94 (p < .001). The reliability of the short version was comparable to that of the original questionnaire. The short one could also be suitable for Internet and mobile questionnaire applications.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2011, 17, 4; 341-359
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Job Level Risk Assessment Using Task Level Strain Index Scores: A Pilot Study
Autorzy:
Drinkaus, P.
Bloswick, D. S.
Sesek, R.
Mann, C.
Bernard, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
Strain Index
Distal Upper Extremity (DUE)
multi-task risk assessment
ocena ryzyka zawodowego
choroby narządów ruchu
obciążenie fizyczne
kończyna górna
siła mięśni
Opis:
This paper explores 2 methods of modifying the Strain Index (SI) to assess the ergonomic risk of multi-task jobs. Twenty-eight automotive jobs (15 cases and 13 controls) were studied. The first method is based on the maximum task SI score, and the second method is modeled on the NIOSH Composite Lifting Index (CLI) algorithm, named cumulative assessment of risk to the distal upper extremity (CARD). Significant odds ratios of 11 (CI 1.7–69) and 24 (CI 2.4–240) were obtained using the modified maximum task and CARD, respectively. This indicates that modification of the SI may be useful in determining the risk of distal upper extremity injury associated with a multi-task job.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 2; 141-152
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Job Level Risk Assessment Using Task Level ACGIH Hand Activity Level TLV Scores: A Pilot Study
Autorzy:
Drinkaus, P.
Sesek, R.
Bloswick, D. S.
Mann, C.
Bernard, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
HAL
TLV
hand activity level
multitask
work-related risk assessment
ocena ryzyka zawodowego
choroby narządów ruchu
obciążenie fizyczne
kończyna górna
siła mięśni
ocena sprawności fizycznej
Opis:
Existing upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder analytical tools are primarily intended for single or monotask jobs. However, many jobs contain more than 1 task and some include job rotation. This case/control study investigates methods of modifying an existing tool, the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Hand Activity Level (HAL) Threshold Limit Value (TLV), to assess the upper extremity risk of multi-task jobs. Various methods of combining the task differences and ratios into a job level assessment were explored. Two methods returned significant odds ratios, (p < .05) of 18.0 (95% CI 1.8–172) and 12.0 (95% CI 1.2–120). These results indicate that a modified ACGIH HAL TLV may provide insight into the workrelated risk of multi-task jobs. Further research is needed to optimize this process.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2005, 11, 3; 263-281
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Towards a Model of Safety Climate Measurement
Autorzy:
Alhemood, A. M.
Genaidy, A. M.
Shell, R.
Gunn, M.
Shoaf, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89986.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
safety climate model
safety surveillance
środowisko pracy
klimat bezpieczeństwa
kultura bezpieczeństwa
Opis:
In this study, a survey instrument was developed to measure safety climate. A review of the scientific literature as well as consultation with an expert panel was used to determine the survey’s dimensions. Next, the survey was administered, first as a pilot study (n = 15) and then as a full scale study (n = 229), to employees of the City of Cincinnati Department of Public Works. The psychometric integrity of the survey was assessed according to validity, reliability and utility criteria. Results are presented and discussed.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2004, 10, 4; 303-318
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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