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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of dose distribution around a computed tomography scanner in terms of exposure to scattered ionizing radiation of caregivers of pediatric patients
    Autorzy:
    Biegała, Michał
    Brodecki, Marcin
    Skoczylas, Krystian
    Jakubowska, Teresa
    Domienik-Andrzejewska, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45912311.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-09-10
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    effective dose
    radiological protection
    leukemia
    CT scanner
    probability of induction of leukemia
    pediatric radiology
    Opis:
    Objectives During computed tomography (CT), a large amount of ionizing radiation is emitted to ensure high quality of the obtained radiological image. This study measured the dose distribution around the CT scanner and the exposure of people staying near the CT scanner during the examination. Material and Methods The measurements used an anthropomorphic phantom to assess human exposure to ionizing radiation. The probability of inducing leukemia and other cancers as a result of absorbing doses recorded around the CT device was also calculated. Results The highest exposure to scattered radiation in the proximity of the CT scanner is recorded at the gantry of the tomograph, i.e., 55.7 μGy, and the lowest, below lower detection limit of 6 μGy at the end of the diagnostic table. The whole-body detector placed on the anthropomorphic phantom located at the diagnostic table right next to the CT gantry recorded 59.5 μSv and at the end of the table 1.5 μSv. The average doses to the lenses in these locations were: 32.1 μSv and 2.9 μSv, respectively. Conclusions The probability of induction of leukemia or other types of cancer is low, but the need for people to stay in the examination room during a CT examination should be limited to the necessary minimum.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2024, 37, 3; 326-334
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The role of residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene in the development of hematologic cancers in upstate New York
    Autorzy:
    Boberg, Erik
    Lessner, Lawrence
    Carpenter, David O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185371.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-12-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    environmental exposure
    lymphoma
    Leukemia
    ecological study
    ethnic difference
    Opis:
    Objectives: Epidemiologic studies suggest an association between environmental exposure to benzene and hematologic cancers, but the relationship is not fi rmly established. The aim of this study was to assess the potential association between residence near hazardous waste sites containing benzene and hospitalization discharge rates for persons having hematologic cancers. Materials and Methods: We determined the number of hospital discharges of people with hematologic cancers in New York State except for New York City for the years 1993 to 2008. Descriptive statistics and negative binomial regression models were used to compare the rates of hospitalization of residents in zip codes containing hazardous waste sites containing benzene to the rates of discharges from residents in zip codes without waste sites. Results: When adjusting for potential confounders we found a 15% increase in the rate of hospitalization for chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL) [rate ratio (RR): 1.15; 95% confi dence interval (CI): 1.00–1.33], a 22% increase in the rate of discharges for total leukemia (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.04–1.43) and a 17% increase in the rate of discharges for total lymphoma (RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.02–1.35) in the benzene exposed sites. We found greater effects of exposure in African Americans compared to Caucasians, females compared to males and people with higher socioeconomic status (SES) compared to those with lower SES for several of the diseases studied. Conclusions: After controlling for major confounders we found statistically signifi cant increases in discharge rates for several hematologic cancers in persons residing in zip codes containing benzene waste sites. These results provide additional support for a relationship between environmental exposure to benzene and risk of hematologic cancers.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2011, 24, 4; 327-338
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluating exposure-response relationship in 1,3-butadiene and leukemia studies
    Autorzy:
    Antoniou, Evangelia E.
    Kirman, Chris
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45904817.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-09-10
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    risk assessment
    leukemia
    exposure-response modelling
    occupational cohort study
    regulatory toxicology
    3-butadiene
    Opis:
    Objectives 1,3-Butadiene (BD) exposure’s link to leukemia is under regulatory scrutiny. The assessment methods for BD exposure risks have evolved from early animal and limited human studies to advanced exposure-response modelling with comprehensive quantitative data. The objective of this study is to explore the nuances of exposure-response modelling, investigating how various statistical methods have influenced the quantification of exposure-response relationships. Material and Methods Although this study was not conducted as a formal systematic review, a search was performed in Medline/Pubmed to identify all human studies on leukemia risk assessment for BD exposure. This search included articles written in English. The electronic search spanned from inception of records until July 23, 2023, using the search term: “butadiene AND (leukaemia OR leukemia OR myeloid OR lymphoid)” and was restricted to human species. Focusing on the synthetic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) industry cohort study conducted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA, this review evaluates various statistical models and factors influencing exposure-response modelling. Results Peak exposures to BD may be more influential in the dose-response relationship than cumulative or long-term exposure. The authors recommend utilizing β-coefficients derived from the latest SBR study update, employing Cox proportional hazard modelling, non-lagged and non-transformed cumulative BD exposure, and adjusting for age and peak BD exposure. The study reveals that statistical model selection has a limited impact on the calculated dose-response effects. The significant variation in estimated cancer mortality values arises from additional assumptions needed for metrics like the excess leukemia risk or the occupational BD effective concentration. Conclusions In conclusion, this study provides insights into exposure-response modelling for BD exposure and leukemia mortality, highlighting the importance of peak exposures. The recommended statistical approach offers a reliable basis for regulatory risk assessment and public health population metrics.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2024, 37, 3; 300-310
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    High incidence of acute leukemia in the proximity of some industrial facilities in El Bierzo, northwestern Spain
    Autorzy:
    Rodríguez-García, José A.
    Ramos, Fernando
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2180111.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    acute leukemia
    Benzo(a)pyrene
    industrial facilities
    electromagnetic radiation
    power lines
    thermoelectric power plant
    Opis:
    Objectives: To estimate the incidence of acute leukemia (AL) in El Bierzo (BZ) and to carry out a cross-association analysis in order to suggest some etiological clues. Materials and Methods: We registered all new AL cases diagnosed 2000–2005. Annual standardized incidence rate (SIR) was calculated by the direct method. A cross-association analysis was performed by non-parametric methods and we checked the potential interaction between putative etiological factors by calculating Chi-square-for-trend. Results: SIR was 5.1 cases per 100 000, surpassing the Spanish, European and world average figures and heterogeneous throughout the region. We detected a negative correlation between acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) SIR in every municipality and both the air distance to the nearest thermoelectric power plant (TPP) (Rho = –0.409; p = 0.01) and to the point of maximum density of the high-power lines (HPL) network (Rho = –0.329; p = 0.04). Accordingly, SIR was higher in the municipalities situated < 7.5 km away from TPP (9.58 vs. 1.72; p = 0.004) or < 10 km away from HPL (3.90 vs. 3.19; p = 0.045). A positive relation between both factors was observed (Chi-square-for-trend = 9.209; p = 0.006). Conclusions: SIR of AL in BZ is higher than the Spanish average and that of most countries in the world. Residing near TPP or HPL confers a higher risk of AML, with synergistic effect between both factors.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2012, 25, 1; 22-30
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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