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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Outdoor particulate matter (PM) and associated cardiovascular diseases in the Middle East
    Autorzy:
    Nasser, Zeina
    Salameh, Pascale
    Nasser, Wissam
    Abou Abbas, Linda
    Elias, Elias
    Leveque, Alain
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177237.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-06-25
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    air pollution
    particulate matter
    PM2.5
    PM10
    cardiovascular diseases
    Middle East
    Opis:
    Air pollution is a widespread environmental concern. Considerable epidemiological evidence indicates air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM), as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the developed countries. The main objective of our review is to assess the levels and sources of PM across the Middle East area and to search evidence for the relationship between PM exposure and CVD. An extensive review of the published literature pertaining to the subject (2000–2013) was conducted using PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar databases. We reveal that low utilization of public transport, ageing vehicle fleet and the increasing number of personal cars in the developing countries all contribute to the traffic congestion and aggravate the pollution problem. The annual average values of PM pollutants in the Middle East region are much higher than the World Health Organization 2006 guidelines (PM2.5 = 10 μg/m³, PM10 = 20 μg/m³). We uncover evidence on the association between PM and CVD in 4 Middle East countries: Iran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. The findings are in light of the international figures. Ambient PM pollution is considered a potential risk factor for platelet activation and atherosclerosis and has been found to be linked with an increased risk for mortality and hospital admissions due to CVD. This review highlights the importance of developing a strategy to improve air quality and reduce outdoor air pollution in the developing countries, particularly in the Middle East. Future studies should weigh the potential impact of PM on the overall burden of cardiac diseases.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2015, 28, 4; 641-661
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Exposure to particulate matter 2.5 leading to lung microbiome disorder and the alleviation effect of Auricularia auricular-judae polysaccharide
    Autorzy:
    Zhang, Yanshu
    He, Bin
    Wu, Lei
    Mi, Xiaoyi
    Zhang, Lijin
    Li, Shuang
    Wang, Jian
    Yu, Xiaoyu
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152971.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    PM 2.5
    inflammatory damage
    lung injury
    BALF
    microbiome disorder
    AAP
    Opis:
    Objectives The aim of the paper is to explore the role of lung microbiome disorder in lung tissue injury induced by exposure to particulate matter with a maximum diameter of 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and the alleviation effect of auricularia auricular-judae polysaccharide (AAP). Material and Methods Sprague Dawley rats were given PM2.5 suspension at a dose of 20 mg/l twice a week for 8 weeks. Then, 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg of AAP was administered to the rats after PM2.5 exposure. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were collected at the end of the experiment. The BALF was meant to detect changes in lung microbiome by 16S sequences and cluster analysis, with the application of the principal component analysis and the partial least squares discriminant analysis. The levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-8, and IL-10 in lung tissue were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The pathological changes in lung tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results After PM2.5 exposure, the alveolar septum was widened, and the structures of alveolar walls were destroyed. There was inflammatory cells infiltration in the alveolar space and the interstitial space. Alpha diversity in BALF showed that the Chao1, ACE, Simpson, and Shannon values were increased, and the lung microbiome analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Clostridium increased, while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Akkermansia decreased. The contents of IFN-γ and IL-8 in lung tissue increased while the content of IL-10 decreased. After the administration of AAP, the alveolar structure damage was alleviated, and the interstitial hemorrhage, edema, and inflammatory cells infiltration were reduced. The Chao1 and ACE values decreased, and the taxonomic abundance values of Akkermansia were much higher. Simultaneously, the contents of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-8 decreased, and the content of IL-10 increased. Conclusions It was found that PM2.5 resulted in lung microbiome disorder, which might lead to the inflammation of lung tissue. It was also revealed that AAP could alleviate the inflammatory damage of lung tissue induced by PM2.5.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2022, 35, 6; 651-664
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Secondhand smoke exposure within semi-open air cafes and tobacco specific 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) concentrations among nonsmoking employees
    Autorzy:
    Vardavas, Constantine I.
    Karabela, Maria
    Agaku, Israel T.
    Matsunaga, Yuko
    Myridakis, Antonis
    Kouvarakis, Antonis
    Stephanou, Euripides G.
    Lymperi, Maria
    Behrakis, Panagiotis K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2178907.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-10-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    PM2.5
    occupational exposure
    NNAL
    second hand smoke
    hospitality venue
    semi open
    Opis:
    Objectives: Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a defined occupational hazard. The association though between SHS exposure in semi-open air venues and tobacco specific carcinogen uptake is an area of debate. Material and Methods: A cross sectional survey of 49 semi-open air cafes in Athens, Greece was performed during the summer of 2008, prior to the adoption of the national smoke free legislation. All venues had at least 1 entire wall open to allow for free air exchange. Indoor concentrations of particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns ($\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$) attributable to SHS were assessed during a work shift, while 1 non-smoking employee responsible for indoor and outdoor table service from each venue provided a post work shift urine sample for analysis of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL). Results: Post work shift NNAL concentrations were correlated with work shift $\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$ concentrations attributable to SHS (r = 0.376, p = 0.0076). Urinary NNAL concentrations among employees increased by 9.5%, per 10 μg/m³ increase in $\text{PM}_\text{2.5}$ concentrations attributable to SHS after controlling for the time of day and day of week. Conclusions: These results indicate that the commonly proposed practice of maintaining open sliding walls as a means of free air exchange does not lead to the elimination of employee exposure to tobacco specific carcinogens attributable to workplace SHS.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2014, 27, 5; 875-881
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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