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    Tytuł:
    The Subject Matter of Criminal Evidence Relating to the Disclosure of Information on Security Measures Applicable to Law Enforcement or Control Officials
    Autorzy:
    Zajcew, Oleg
    Yepikhin, Aleksander
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374859.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    security
    subject of evidence
    criminal case
    the judiciary
    fight against crime
    Opis:
    The article analyses the characteristics of the subject of evidence (Article 73 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation) of objective and subjective characteristics of crime, which are listed in Article 320 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation. Considerable attention has been given to the establishment of criminal sanctions for the disclosure of information on security measures towards law enforcement or control officials as an important guarantee of the stability of the Russian management system and legal protection activities. The characteristics of the subject-matter of the evidence in criminal matters under investigation are expressed in the need to establish objective and subjective grounds for disclosing information on security measures in the course of criminal proceedings against law enforcement or control officials. The state protection measures themselves are defined by separate regulations and are applied in the process of criminal proceedings and in the presence of evidence. However, this complex and multifaceted security process could be seriously undermined by the‘leak’ of classified security information. In case of such illegal disclosure, the penalty is defined in Article 320 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation. The authors draw attention to the existence of a direct or indirect relationship between the unauthorised activity and performing state service in legal protection bodies, as well as the need to prove the intention to commit this crime and the awareness of not disclosing secret information to unauthorized persons who do not have formal access to the above information. The authors conclude that the implementation of criminal evidence proceedings for the criminal case of the offence under Article 320 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation needs to be improved at this stage in order to increase the effectiveness and security of the protection of judges, law enforcement and control officials in Russia.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2018, 10(1); 261-270
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ecological and Judicial Expertise in Criminal Proceedings Against the Environment in Russia
    Autorzy:
    Solodov, Ilia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374837.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    environmental crime
    environmental expertise
    evidence
    expert
    forensic methodology
    Opis:
    Environmental expertise plays a special role in the course of the investigation of environmental crimes. Its main task is to recreate the mechanism of the incident, established the causation link, as well as determine the scale the negative impact on the environment and the measures to restore its original state. The author discusses the current practice of the environmental expertise in the Russian Federation. In Russia the experts from the state or private laboratories can be appointed to assist the investigator and the court in performing their tasks. The problem is that there is no commonly accepted expert methodology in a case of environmental offences. While the state experts can be expected to apply the standardised methodology approved by the Russian Centre of Forensic Expertise in Moscow, their colleges from the private sector are free to use any methods they consider as appropriate depending on the circumstances of the case. Unfortunately, in Russia, as well as in Poland, there are no effective control mechanisms to ensure that the methods applied and the data used by the experts are scientifically valid. It means that the obtained results are no always reliable and accurate. Another problem referred to the difficulties of the damage assessment in such cases. The dynamics of the environment, the complicity of the relations between its elements makes it extremely hard to assess the scale of the negative impact, as well as to establish the causation link between the human’s actions or negligence and observed changes.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2019, 11(2); 75-83
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Concept of Research on Economic Crime in the Context of the Research Task “Optimization of Evidence, Forensic and Operational Activities in Cases of Economic Crime From the Perspective of Law Enforcement Authorities”.
    Autorzy:
    Porwisz, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375045.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
    Tematy:
    methods
    hypotheses
    research problems
    economic crimes
    evidence
    law enforcement agencies
    criminal trial
    Opis:
    The aim of the publication is to outline the concept of research in the area of economic crime, which has been outlined on the basis of the undertaken research issues related to the implementation of the research task, entitled: “Optimization of evidence, forensic and operational activities in cases of economic crime from the perspective of law enforcement authorities”, which will allow to create an effective model for combating it. In the article, current research problems have been identified. The research project will include actions aimed at defining, designing and then determining the possibility of implementing practical tools to increase the effectiveness of law enforcement. An important research element, which is a basis for formulating specific conclusions and recommendations, will be to conduct a survey of opinions and expectations of practitioners concerning the possibilities of improving the detection process. The assumed research concept also involves diagnosing economic crimes (in terms of evidence, forensic and operational aspects). There are cases of evidence-intensive, multi-aspect cases in which the methods of action of the perpetrators constitute a challenge for law enforcement agencies in the legal or tactical aspect. Corresponding to the diagnosed research problems, several research levels have been proposed, such as causes, scale of economic crime, dynamics of crime, methods and mechanisms of committing crimes, and ways of counteracting them. As a result of in-depth research on the phenomenon of economic crime, proposals for specific solutions will be worked out, which may constitute a specific compendium of knowledge on the issues raised. The research concept covers a wide range of issues that correspond to the current challenges in combating this type of crime. A detailed description of the problems, and the research concept adopted allows us to conclude that the results of the research may be theoretically valuable and useful for science and practice. This publication constitutes a preliminarily research concept adopted within the framework of the research task INP-2/2018/P/MP funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education.
    Źródło:
    Internal Security; 2020, 12(1); 45-53
    2080-5268
    Pojawia się w:
    Internal Security
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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