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    Tytuł:
    Net radiation of mountain cultivated Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stand: evaluation of short- and long-wave radiation ratio
    Autorzy:
    Markova, I.
    Marek, M.V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38453.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    net radiation
    mountain
    cultivated plant
    tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    tree stand
    radiation dose
    Opis:
    The radiation exchange drives the plant ecosystems energy balance and provides the energy for photosynthesis, transpiration and plant growth. The investigation on net radiation and its component during vegetation season in relation to the clearness index and sun elevation in a cultivated 31-year-old mountain spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stand is presented. Downward short-wave radiation – Sd (incident on the spruce stand was the main part of the short-wave radiation balance during the whole growing season (April–October) 2008. The Sd a mount i s seasonally variable factor determined by the duration of solar shine and the atmosphere transmissivity. Obtained value of net radiation (Rn) and downward short-wave radiation (Sd) ratio amounts to 0.61 on average during the growing season 2008 documenting the importance of the downward short-wave radiation in the net radiation of investigated spruce stand.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Size and localisation of knots in timber from mountain spruce stands in the Dolomites
    Autorzy:
    Barszcz, A.
    Sandak, A.
    Sandak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38333.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    size
    localization
    knot
    timber
    mountain spruce
    tree stand
    Dolomites
    knot healthiness
    Opis:
    The aim of the study was evaluation of knots in wood of 150-year-old Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] in stands situated at the altitude of 1450– 1740 m above sea level in the Dolomites in Italian section of the Alps. In selected stands, spruce trees were cut down and their length, stem thickness, height to the crown base and stem diameters at every 1 m along the length of merchantable bole were measured. The diameter of knots was measured and they were classified according to their healthiness and the degree of their tightness with the surrounding wood. The relative knot diameters were calculated and the relative height of their location on stem was determined. In total on sample trees there were analysed 1070 knots, of which sound knots (close to 75%) and tight (more than 60%) prevailed. Sound and tight knots had largest diameters, relative diameters and relative heights of location on merchantable boles. The smallest diameters and relative diameters were indicated by rotten and not tight knots that were located at the lowest merchantable bole parts.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Using FORDRY model to forecast transformation of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in Nadsyansky Regional Landscape Park (Ukrainian Carpathians)
    Autorzy:
    Kozak, Ihor
    Parpan, Taras
    Shparyk, Yuriy
    Mylenka, Myroslava
    Kozak-Balaniuk, Iryna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041033.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    spruce forest decline
    tree biomass
    tree number
    species composition
    prediction
    simulation experiment
    gap model
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to simulate transformation of species composition, biomass and number of treesin spruce stands depending on a possible combination of cutting and planting scenarios as well as climate changes. The FORDRY computer model was used to predict the dynamics of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in Nadsyansky Regional Landscape Park in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Potential changes in species composition, biomass and number of trees were forecasted for the next 50 years. Four scenarios, first – warm-dry, second – cutting dead spruce trees, third – cutting all trees andfourth – planting, were compared to the control one. The analysis revealed a rapid decrease of stand biomass in the first decade as a result of spruce decline. The model predicts an increase in beech biomass before the 50th year of simulation in all scenarios. In the planting scenario, the biomass of beech increased up to 199.9 ± 6.9 t·ha-1 in the 50th year. Correlation analysis showed weak autocorrelations of spruce and negative cross-correlations of spruce with the total stand in control and other scenarios. The output of performed simulations is supported with field and literature data. Results of this study can be applied in the long-term planning of the management and conservation activities in this region. The application of FORDRY model was found useful for analysing the potential scenarios of spruce stand transformation in Nadsyansky Regional Landscape Park.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 3; 183-194
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Height-diameter models for mixed-species forests consisting of spruce, fir, and beech
    Autorzy:
    Petras, R.
    Bosela, M.
    Mecko, J.
    Oszlanyi, J.
    Popa, I.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    height-diameter model
    mixed-species forest
    tree
    spruce
    fir
    beech
    Abies alba
    Picea abies
    Fagus sylvatica
    Opis:
    Height-diameter models define the general relationship between the tree height and diameter at each growth stage of the forest stand. This paper presents generalized height-diameter models for mixed-species forest stands consisting of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), Silver fir (Abies alba L.), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) from Slovakia. The models were derived using two growth functions from the exponential family: the two-parameter Michailoff and three-parameter Korf functions. Generalized height-diameter functions must normally be constrained to pass through the mean stand diameter and height, and then the final growth model has only one or two parameters to be estimated. These “free” parameters are then expressed over the quadratic mean diameter, height and stand age and the final mathematical form of the model is obtained. The study material included 50 long-term experimental plots located in the Western Carpathians. The plots were established 40–50 years ago and have been repeatedly measured at 5 to 10-year intervals. The dataset includes 7,950 height measurements of spruce, 21,661 of fir and 5,794 of beech. As many as 9 regression models were derived for each species. Although the “goodness of fit” of all models showed that they were generally well suited for the data, the best results were obtained for silver fir. The coefficient of determination ranged from 0.946 to 0.948, RMSE (m) was in the interval 1.94–1.97 and the bias (m) was –0.031 to 0.063. Although slightly imprecise parameter estimation was established for spruce, the estimations of the regression parameters obtained for beech were quite less precise. The coefficient of determination for beech was 0.854–0.860, RMSE (m) 2.67–2.72, and the bias (m) ranged from –0.144 to –0.056. The majority of models using Korf’s formula produced slightly better estimations than Michailoff’s, and it proved immaterial which estimated parameter was fixed and which parameters were free.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2014, 56, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Acclimatization of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) leaves first year after planting into different light conditions of young spruce stand
    Autorzy:
    Spulak, O.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38467.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    acclimatization
    European beech
    Fagus sylvatica
    leaf
    first year
    planting
    light condition
    young tree
    spruce stand
    chlorophyll a fluorescence
    chemical analysis
    Opis:
    The study presents the results of investigation on reaction of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) leaves observed next year after planting seedlings in different positions in a young spruce stand located in upper mountain conditions. The methods of chemical analyses and assessments of chlorophyll fluorescence were applied with the aim to evaluate a course of leaf adaptation. In the young spruce stand located in the Karkonoše Mts, bare root beech seedlings after cultivation in full light were planted into three main positions to spruce trees (under the crown, within crown perimeter and in stand gaps). Next year after planting, the total biomass, leaf nutrient content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were evaluated. The beech trees planted under spruce (Picea sp.) crowns had significantly lower specific leaf mass and the mean leaf area was decreasing from shade to sun. Differences in nutrient contents were not significant between the treatments. We found significantly higher values of minimal (F0) and the maximum fluorescence (Fm) as well as of the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) in the leaves of beeches growing under the spruce crown. Significant differences among treatments were found also in the courses of the values of maximum fluorescence yield Y(II) and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ). Our study indicated that bud forming processes are only partially responsible for physiological properties of beech leaves evaluated next year after planting. Photosynthetic performance is also influenced by actual growing conditions. A great part of acclimation occurs already in the first year after planting (change of the light conditions). We speculate that this phase of gradual acclimation of the assimilation apparatus can be one of the reasons of physiological weakening of the plant after planting to different light environment.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Monitoring of spruce stands in the Czerwona Woda river catchment of the Stołowe Mountains National Park
    Autorzy:
    Strzeliński, Paweł
    Turski, Mieczysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044143.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    tree biometrics
    model trees
    Kraft classes
    Opis:
    In the spring of 2017, Stołowe Mountains National Park started a research program related to the protection of water resources. The research program was started because of, among others, the growing problems of water resources and the dying of spruce trees. One of the projects commissioned by the Park was ‘Monitoring the impact of renaturisation and hydrological status on changes in the biomass of trees and stands’. The monitoring covered spruce stands growing along the main watercourse of the Park (the Czerwona Woda). As a part of the study, three rectangular surfaces (from 0.45 to 0.50 ha) and 10 circular areas (0.04 ha each) were established. On fenced rectangular surfaces, 10 model trees were selected using the Draudt method. They were monitored using hemispheric cameras (changes in crowns), dendrometers (changes in the circumference of stems) and minirhizotronami (changes in the root layer). In addition to the measurements of all the trees on the surface, imaging with terrestrial laser scanning and hemispherical images was done. The data and results presented in this work were created as a result of the implementation of a project financed from funds related to the forestry fund of the State Forests National Forest Holding.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 1; 90-95
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Preliminary assessment of the ecochemical condition of soils after fertilization of younger spruce Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. stands in the Beskid Slaski and Zywiecki Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Malek, S.
    Januszek, K.
    Barszcz, J.
    Blonska, E.
    Wanic, T.
    Gasienica-Fronek, W.
    Kroczek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38500.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    ecochemical condition
    soil
    fertilization
    young tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    tree stand
    mountain
    Beskid Slaski Mountains
    Beskid Zywiecki Mountains
    Opis:
    The experimental plots were located in the middle forest zone (900– 950 m) on two nappes of the flysch Carpathians: Magura (the Ujsoły Forest District) and Silesian (the Wisła Forest District) in the spruce stands of age class 21– 40 years. Serpentinite was introduced in the autumn of 2008 on all plots while other fertilizers (N, P, NP and NPK) in the spring of 2009. Based on the chemical composition of soil solutions collected in lysimeters placed at the depth of 20 cm in the autumn 2008 and the spring and autumn 2009, ecochemical parameters were calculated: acid neutralization capacity (ANCaq), alkalinity (ALK), the degree of soil acidity (Ma%), acidic cations (Ma), saturation of the exchangeable complex of the soil solid phase (Mb) with alkalis, saturation with alkalis (BS), molar relations Ca/Al, Mb/Al, BC/Al. After the winter, soil solutions became acidic, especially in the Wisła Forest District. The saturation of the studied soils demonstrates moderate flexibility of soils in the Wisła Forest District in relation to acid load, and high flexibility of the Ujsoły soils. The opposite trend was observed for the degree of acidity of soils. Acid neutralization capacity and alkalinity of the waters showed significant variations in soil pH even in the case of small variations in the composition of the solution, if they were caused by the inflow of the anions of NO3 - and SO4 2-. After application of the fertilizers, an increase of Mg, Ca and Mb was noted in the soil solution, determined in the overlaying highly acidic organic horizons trough the ion-exchange buffering mechanism of highly protonated functional groups with high buffering capacity. Highly improved content of Mg in a soil, and in some cases – also the content of N, P and K, present potential improvement of forest growth capacity without the hazard of adverse side-effects of liming. Aluminum stress in the spruce is unlikely, while trees in the control plots in the Wisła Forest District may already be sensitive.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Content of macronutrients in needles and litterfall in Norway spruce stands of different age in the Potok Dupnianski catchment, the Silesian Beskid
    Autorzy:
    Malek, S.
    Grabowski, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38321.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    macronutrient content
    macroelement
    needle
    litter fall
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    tree stand
    plant age
    Potok Dupnianski catchment
    Silesian Beskids Mountains
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Treatment of bark beetle attacked trees with entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin
    Autorzy:
    Jakus, R.
    Blazenec, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38427.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    bark beetle
    attacked tree
    entomopathogenic fungi
    Beauveria bassiana
    Ips typographus
    Norway spruce
    Opis:
    We carried out an experiment with using the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. for sanitation of active infested trees. We used 15 active infested trees from which 5 stems were treated with an insecticide, 5 were treated with solution of the tested entomopathogenic fungus and 5 were left as control. The used insecticide was pyretroid Fury 10 EW. We used a biopreparation based on the entomopathogenic fungus B. bassiana in form of wettable powder. The material was diluted. The suspension contained 107spores of the tested entomopathogenic fungus in 1 ml. The suspension was applied across the whole stem surface. We succeeded to infect about 28.75% of Ips typographus L. individuals in the treated stems. The number of live individuals was comparable with the variant using the insecticide.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2011, 53, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Litter-fall and humus accumulation in thinning experiment Kristianov in the Jizerske Hory Mts.
    Autorzy:
    Novak, J.
    Slodicak, M.
    Dusek, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38641.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    litter fall
    humus accumulation
    thinning
    Izerskie Mountains
    Picea abies
    Norway spruce
    nutrient cycle
    tree stand
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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