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Tytuł:
Taxation of Digital Services from International Tax Law Perspective
Autorzy:
Sábo, Jozef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368167.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax law
tax on digital services
OECD
international tax law
EU law.
Opis:
The article analyses taxes on digital services adopted in the United Kingdom, France, Austria, and Italy. The article tries to identify the architectural features of these taxes that could conflict with obligations according to international tax treaties and EU laws. The article also presents OECD “Unified Approach” which is based on multilateral agreement. The main hypothesis of the article is that this approach represents a better solution for the taxation of digital services than unilateral national taxation of digital services. In the presented analyses, mainly horizontal comparative method, method of logical analysis and synthesis are employed.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2020, 20, 4; 64-81
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Developing The Concept Of A Tax Law Relationship – Assumptions Concerning Scientific Research On This Issue
Autorzy:
Kalinowski, Marek
Prejs, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax law
tax law relationship
tax obligations
tax theory
legal relationship
tax research
Opis:
The concept of legal relationship is a tool that lawyers use to describe the legal situation in which entities find themselves due to applicable legal norms. It is therefore a tool for practical analysis of legal norms. The concept of a legal relationship and other legal concepts related to it are used by a lawyer to determine what rights and obligations a particular entity has in a given legal system in relation to the situation of another entity. In other words, it serves to describe the interdependence of the legal situation of entities due to applicable legal norms. Analysis of the legal relationship and related concepts are also useful for researching the behavior of some entities towards others due to applicable legal norms. The concept of legal relationship and the concepts associated with it are therefore a tool for analyzing law in action, thanks to which it is possible to solve a number of legal problems arising in the practice of applying law. It is important for those branches of law in which there are correlations between legal situations of entities of these branches of law. Therefore, it is also important for the tax law and tax research, in which there are relations between the state and taxpayers and other entities of tax law. Although from the most general point of view the structure of the legal relationship may seem to be very similar, however, legal relations in particular branches of law have their own characteristics. This diversity results from the fact that the content of elements determining specific legal relations in these branches of law is different, such as: the subject of the law, facts causing the creation and termination of the legal relationship as well as the content of the rights and obligations of the parties to this relationship. Research on these elements of the legal relationship allows to achieve specific theoretical and practical goals. Due to the fact that they are embedded in applicable law, they allow to build a model of legal relationship, which becomes a tool for practical analysis of applicable law. Secondly, their study allows to deepen knowledge of the characteristics of individual elements of this relationship, such as the subjects of this right. Thanks to this, it is possible to decide what features an entity should have to be able to become the owner of the rights or obligations of a given branch of law, including tax law. The structure of subjectivity in this branch of law is significantly different from the legal subjectivity of civil law. They also allow to catch the relationships between individual rights and individual rights and obligations regulated in a given branch of law. Finally, they allow to understand the premises that give rise to the rights and obligations incumbent on the subjects of a given branch of law. This in turn allows for an in-depth analysis of the tax law norms themselves, as well as views on individual institutions of this law and their critical analysis, as well as a critical analysis of the views of case law on these legal institutions. In the field of tax law science of various countries, models of a tax law relationship have been already created, which allow ordering and analysis of tax law norms. However, many other countries as the Polish tax law science did not pay much attention to this issue of tax law. Therefore, in many countries the most general model of tax law relationship created by the theory of law is used. The same has happened in Polish tax law science. However, this is an insufficient model, as it requires taking into account the state of tax legislation and the specifics of its regulations. Hence, considerations of tax law doctrine’s sometimes lack consistency due to the lack of an appropriate research tool in the form of a tax law relationship model. They also often conflict with each other, because the starting points for the analyses are different. Therefore, further research on tax law relationship is necessary in this field. This paper presents the assumptions concerning scientific research on developing the concept of a tax law relationship.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 24, 4; 102-121
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulation and Taxation of Digital Services in Accordance with the Initiatives of the European Union
Autorzy:
Simić, Soňa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
digitization
tax law
digital tax
digital services
Opis:
The article provides an analysis of the institute of digital services with an emphasis on digital services taxation. Firstly, the article deals with the definition of concepts that characterize digital services in EU law and then defines digital services specifically from a tax point of view. The article also deals with the idea of an interim and a comprehensive solution of digital taxation and introduces selected unilateral measures of digital taxation. The above subject of research is analysed by applying basic methods of legal science, especially the method of scientific analysis with the dominant application of the comparative method.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 24, 4; 194-214
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mandatory Electronic Communication with a Tax Administrator
Autorzy:
Vavříková, Martina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368129.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-02-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
Tax law
tax procedure
digitalization
electronic tax returns
Opis:
The purpose of this text is to present an overview of the evolution of digital communication in tax law and highlight major changes which recently occurred in the process of digitalization regarding the communication between a tax administrator and taxpayers when submitting a tax document. The first part of the article will point out leading elements of digital submissions and provide theoretical and functional perspective on characteristics of electronic communication. The second part of the text aspires to analyse sanctions resulting from breaching rules regarding the mandatory electronic submission of tax documents. This article will then discuss the varieties of sanctions as an outcome of enforcing the tax procedural rules regarding the mandatory electronic document submission.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 21, 1; 80-93
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methods of Tax Optimisation with the Use of Tax Havens
Autorzy:
Burandt, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax havens
offshore companies
taxes
tax law
tax avoidance
Opis:
The present study is concerned with chosen methods employed in a legal and illegal way by the taxpayers in order to reduce their tax burdens by the use of tax havens. The aim of this article is to elaborate on the phenomenon of tax competition, in particular, ways of using it for the purpose of tax optimisation. The essence of a tax haven introduced at the beginning serves as an introduction to the remaining content and lets one understand the outline of the discussed phenomenon. The presented methods cannot be considered a legal advice, but only an objective characteristic.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 22, 2; 78-93
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected Aspects of the Generation of Tax Liability in the Field of Maritime Activities of Taxable Persons
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
international tax law
sea law
tax law
comprehensive service
exclusive economic zone
maritime areas
offshore wind farms
concession fee
Opis:
This article deals with the issue of tax liability arising when taxpayers undertake economic activity in maritime areas. The research was conducted both on the grounds of direct taxes, indirect taxes and property taxes. The article verifies the hypothesis that the current provisions of Polish tax law do not fully comply with the tax authority granted to Poland as a coastal state in its maritime areas. The research method used in this study was a critical analysis, including a linguistic analysis of the provisions of tax acts and international agreements to which the Republic of Poland is a party. In addition, the research used the analysis of views of doctrine and jurisprudence of administrative courts and tax authorities.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 22, 3; 47-62
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The development of real property tax - the case of city of Košice
Autorzy:
Vartašová, Anna
Červená, Karolína
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368169.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
: tax law
local taxation
real property tax
municipal finance
Opis:
The paper is focused on the field of real property taxation in Slovakia, from a legal-budgetary point of view, at the local level (the City of Košice). The scientific goal of the paper is to assess the development in the total revenue, tax revenue and revenue from real property taxation in component-wise structure (revenue from the taxation of land, buildings and flats and non-residential premises) within the period from 2005 to 2019, as well as the search for causal relations between legislation and reported revenue. Within the first stage of targeted research; the authors applied standard scientific methods and procedures, namely the study and analysis of legislation (selected laws and generally binding regulations), the database of available and requested numerical data and information, which were provided by the selected subject of local self-government - the City of Košice; in the second stage of targeted research the authors created through abstraction, comparison, induction and deduction their own results and conclusions, which are presented in this paper in textual and graphical forms.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2020, 20, 4; 82-104
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reform of International Taxation In Russia
Autorzy:
Kilinkarova, Elena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368184.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
Tax law
international tax law
controlled foreign companies
benefi cial ownership
automatic exchange of information
MLI
BEPS
Opis:
This contribution deals with signifi cant changes in regulation of cross-border taxation in Russia that have been introduced since 2014 mainly due to the impact of the governmental policy of deoffshorization aimed at fighting the offshore character of Russian economy. At the same time participation in the OECD BEPS Project also infl uenced the international tax landscape in Russia. The analysis of the key substantive and procedural rules that were introduced in the course of the international tax reform in Russia is the key goal of the article. The author covers controlled foreign companies rules, management test for corporate tax residence, beneficial ownership concept, automatic exchange of information and key changes in the tax treaty network. The author aims to show steps that were taken by Russia in its reform of international taxation in order to confi rm the hypothesis that in cross-border taxation Russia uses the widespread mechanisms and soft law recommendations while going its own way and often setting its own versions of the main elements of the international taxation landscape. Another important issue under consideration is the balance between unilateral, bilateral and multilateral regulation of international taxation in Russia.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2020, 19, 3; 20-35
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Digital Currency in Broader Sense, Status, Regulation and Development Trends
Autorzy:
Štrkolec, Miroslav
Hrabčák, Ladislav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368126.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-02-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax
law
tax law
digital currency in broader sense
digital tax
digital revolution
Opis:
The present article deals with one of the phenomena of the Industrial (Digital) revolution 4.0, which is digital currency in broader sense, respectively virtual currencies, as some authors refer to them. Despite the fact that this phenomenon is not such a novelty in society, it has demanded the focus of legal science only in recent years and the discussion has not subsided, it can be stated that it is only in the beginning. Along with digital currency in broader sense, there are several issues, such as the correctness of their naming, their legal status and, as far as the area of tax law is concerned, these are also questions of the manner and possibilities of taxing transactions with them. Authors set as a goal of this article to verify the following hypotheses:   - the naming of digital currency in broader sense as a currency is incorrect given the existing knowledge of financial law science.   - the legal regulation of digital currency in broader sense in selected Member States of the European Union is not sufficient.   To verifying the above hypotheses, the authors used several methods of writing scientific works, but especially analysis, synthesis, the method of comparison and the historical method, which the authors used in combination with each other.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 21, 1; 62-79
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Taxation of Robots and AI – Problem of Definition
Autorzy:
Popovič, Adrián
Sábo, Jozef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax law
tax on AI and robots
EU
tax nomenclature of robots
Opis:
The article deals with definition problem of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots for tax purposes (also called as “definition problem of artificial intelligence/robots”). In the paper authors deal with three main methods for definition of technological objects for legislative purposes. Besides that, the article also analyses definition of AI that was introduced by European Union in new proposal for artificial intelligence regulation. Finally, the paper proposes new tax nomenclature for robots as a possible solution to the definition problem of artificial intelligence/robots and defines the basic variations of possible taxation of artificial intelligence/robots.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2022, 25, 1; 1-16
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulatory impact assessments (Ria) As an input in tax law interpretation: Analysis of the administrative courts verdicts
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Dominik
Joński, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28410379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
purpose-oriented interpretation of tax law
lawmaker’s intent
regulatory impact assessments
Opis:
The goal of this paper is to empirically examine the role of Regulatory Impact Assessments (RIAs) accompanying draft laws submitted by the Council of the Ministers as an input in purpose-oriented interpretation of tax law, carried out by Polish Administrative Courts. To this end, full-text database of the universe of Administrative Courts verdicts (CBOIS) had been queried in order to uncover all court decisions issued from Jan 1st 2001 to Dec 31st 2022 and mentioning RIAs in their written motives. All in all 14 decisions of SAC and 39 decisions of FIACs had been located – the result that can be interpreted as an evidence of scant use of RIA as an input for statutory interpretation of the tax law. Qualitative analysis reported in the paper illustrates what sort of information had been recovered by justices from RIA. Results suggest that potential offered by RIA’s coverage of ‘lawmaker’s intent’ is still not fully utilized in the process of tax law interpretation. However, any reliance on this sort of documents have to be accompanied with critical analysis of their quality and role in lawmaking process. Conditional forecasts (what impact is reasonably expected) should not be mistaken with statements of the intent (what impact is desired). Moreover, perfunctory RIA, prepared as part of window-dressing exercise, not genuine analysis underpinning the decision-making process, could turned out misleading.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2022, 28, 4; 33-41
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anatocism in the Czech Tax Law
Autorzy:
Feldek, Michael
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2151011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax
law
tax administration
interest
anatocism
judicial review
Opis:
The paper examines legal disputes regarding the possibility of taking interest of interest (anatocism) payed by the tax administrators in the Czech legal order. The aim of this paper is to assess the outcome of the above-mentioned disputes and to determine whether the current legislation still allows taking interest on interest in tax law. Author draws conclusions mainly from case law of the Czech Supreme Administrative Court and uses analysis, synthesis and descriptive method.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2022, 25, 1; 179-186
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grey market of gambling in Poland – Counteraction and Forecasts
Autorzy:
Wiśniewski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789246.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax
law
gambling
grey market
public revenue
Opis:
The article relates to the dynamics of change of the grey market of gambling in Poland. The meaning of legal regulations concerning organisation of gambling and gaming tax within the mechanism to prevent shadow economy of gambling constitute the basic research issue. Its purpose is to identify legal solutions that effectively protect public finance. A broad definition of the phenomenon of the grey market of gambling comprising distortion of the market competitiveness mechanism for the business makes allowance for its consequence in the form of tax gap, which is a real loss for the public finance. Multidimensional, complex nature of gambling justifies diversification of test methodology and application of a dogmatic-legal method. The selected model of scientific cognition is based on an intuitive-synthetic assumption that the gambling matter is not completely recognisable due to the dynamics of the occurring processes. The available statistical works that give rise to the conclusions related to the effectives of the adopted legal solutions have empirical value. The efficiency of legal solutions enhancing the attractiveness of legal gambling activities, which guarantee cash flow transparency and ensure safety of gamers has been confirmed. Creating optimal conditions for conducting legal gambling activity is of basic importance when it comes to combating shadow economy of gambling. Decreasing tax rates along with tax bases has a stimulating impact on the increase of the number of entities operating in a legal manner on the gambling market. Prohibitive solutions related to determination of the access to legal gambling services inadequate in relation to the demand fail to comprise efficient counteraction measures for the grey market of gambling. The absence of unambiguous criteria for estimation of the size of the grey market of gambling limits the cognitive possibilities. The available data allow for an optimistic conclusion that the grey market of gambling in Poland is gradually decreased. However, the forecasts exclude the anticipated elimination of the entire phenomenon, making allowance for cross-border nature of games on the Internet, technological progress used by the unfair businesses and difficulties of legislative process in the scope of gambling. The author of the paper hopes that the presented considerations may comprise material helpful in the course of further scientific research.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 22, 2; 54-77
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU Proposal on Digital Service Tax in View of EU State Aid Law
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
digital economy
digital services
tax
EU law
state aid
Opis:
This contribution deals with the European Commission’s proposal on the taxation of digital services. The main aim of the contribution is to confirm or disprove the hypothesis that the Digital Service Tax constructed in line with the proposition of the European Commission does interfere with EU state aid law. The research is conducted by applying basic methods of legal science, especially the method of scientific analysis and case law analysis.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2022, 25, 1; 93-109
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Financing of a Non-governmental Non-profit Organization from the State Budget
Autorzy:
Nevečeřalová, Nikol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1368166.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-16
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax
law
public benefit taxpayer
budget
non-governmental organization.
Opis:
This contribution deals with the non-profit sector, where the author primarily mentions the differences between private and public non-profit organizations. The author will focus mainly on issues related with the funding of a non-governmental non-profit organization including their possible participation in the national budget of the Czech Republic. The author will also deal with the position of a non-governmental non-profit organization as a subject of law, which in the theory of financial law and specifically in the subsector of tax law “occupies” the position of a public benefit taxpayer [Law on income tax, Section 17a]. The main aim of the contribution is to use graphs and data to define which resources a non-governmental non-profit organization uses for its existence. In the last part of the article, the author using methods of comparison and deduction use states specific example of a non-governmental non-profit organization and its participation in the budget of the Czech Republic.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2020, 20, 4; 53-63
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 18

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