Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "treatment process" wg kryterium: Wszystkie pola


Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
Tytuł:
Investigation of the effect of heat treatment process on characteristics and photocatalytic activity of TiO2-UV100 nanoparticles
Autorzy:
Behnajady, M. A.
Alamdari, M. E.
Modirshahla, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208146.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
titanium dioxide
photocatalysis
X ray diffraction
Brunauer Emmett Tellers
heat treatment
photocatalytic activity
dwutlenek tytanu
ditlenek tytanu
fotokataliza
dyfrakcja promieniowania rentgenowskiego
izotermy Brunauer Tellers Emmett
obróbka cieplna
aktywność fotokatalityczna
Opis:
The effect of heat treatment process on crystallite size, phase content, surface area, band gap energy and photocatalytic activity of TiO 2-UV100 nanoparticles were investigated. Heat treated TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) isotherm and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) techniques, and its photocatalytic activity was investigated in the removal of C.I. Acid Red 88 (AR88), an anionic monoazo dye of acid class, as a model contaminant. Heat treatment process at 600 °C causes an increase in crystallite size and band gap energy of TiO2-UV100 nanoparticles. The results indicate that the nanoparticles treated for 1 h at 600 °C show the highest photocatalytic activity which can effectively degrade AR88 under UV-irradiation. Increasing heat treatment temperature above 600 °C led to reduction in TiO2 photoactivity which may be related to the anatase-rutile phase transformation, increasing particle size and decreasing specific surface area. Removal efficiency of AR88 with heat treated TiO 2-UV100 nanoparticles was sensitive to the operational parameters such as catalyst dosage, pollutant concentration and light intensity.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2013, 39, 1; 33-46
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of internal recycle ratio on the denitrification process and nirS-containing bacteria of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2/O) wastewater treatment process
Autorzy:
Yan, Xu
Zheng, Jiaxi
Han, Yunping
Liu, Jianwei
Sun, Jianhui
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207970.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
COD
wastewater treatment
denitrification process
internal recycle
ChzT
oczyszczanie ścieków
proces denitryfikacji
recykling wewnętrzny
Opis:
Internal recycle (IR) ratio is an important operation parameter for the anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2O) wastewater treatment process. Three laboratory-scale A2O wastewater treatment processes with IR ratios 100%, 200%, and 300% were set up to study its influence on the denitrification process and nirS gene-containing bacteria. Results showed theremoval rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4 +-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) increased at different levels as the IR rate augmented from 100% to 300%. NirS gene numbers were increased from 1.8×108 to 3.2×108 copies/g MLSS, which was positively correlated with the denitrification rate in anoxic areas. Moreover, similarities were observed in the community structures of denitrifying bacteria that contained the nirS gene under different operation modes. These results indicated that increasing the IR rate in the A2O treatment process could benefit nirS gene-containing bacteria and improve denitrification ability observably while maintaining the stability of the community structure of the system.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2019, 45, 3; 87-101
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Composting and anaerobic digestion technologies as methods for reduction of virus transmission in the environment
Autorzy:
Ligocka, A.
Paluszak, Z.
Gut, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
viruses
waste treatment
anaerobic digestion technology
thermophilic fermentation
virus transmission
waste treatment process
produkty uboczne fermentacji
wirusy
unieszkodliwianie odpadów
technologia beztlenowa fermentacja
kompostowanie
proces fermentacji
transmisja wirusa
proces obróbki odpadów
Opis:
Survival of bovine enterovirus was studied in animal by-products subjected to sanitization processes. Composting technology and anaerobic digestion under mesophilic (37 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C) conditions were tested in terms of their effectiveness. Viruses were introduced into the biomass in the course of waste treatment processes and virus titres were determined at appropriate time intervals. Technology which allowed the most effective virus elimination, after 2 h, was thermophilic fermentation. During composting, bovine enterovirus survival ranged from 12 to 17 days, whereas the survival time for mesophilic fermentation was 28 days.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2016, 42, 2; 137-144
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of the environmental impact assessment process of wastewater treatment plants in Spain
Autorzy:
Fuentes-Bargues, J. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
environmental impact assessment
EIA
wastewater treatment plants
ocena oddziaływania na środowisko
oczyszczalnie ścieków
Opis:
The environmental impact over natural water systems, both marine and land, of the sewage is minimized with the treatment at Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs), but these facilities also generate environmental impacts during the construction period and during the operation period. A review of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) process of WWTPs in Spain through the analysis of records of decision (RODs) between 2000 and 2016 has been performed in this work. The major environmental impacts during the construction period are noise, land use and disturbance of the air and water’s quality. During the operation period, the major environmental impacts are noise, odors from the depuration process and the visual impact of the facilities. About the EIA process, results show the processing time is too long, scoping phase has a success rate about 57.2% and regional public administrations are the most participative, both at scoping phase and at public participation phase. In general, public participation during period of exhibition is very low, in twelve of the RODs nobody submitted any report. The role of environmental project manager and the work environmental journal must be strengthened.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 4; 23-41
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of influence of coagulation/flocculation and Fenton oxidation with iron on landfill leachate treatment
Autorzy:
Smaoui, Yosr
Mseddi, Salma
Ayadi, Najla
Sayadi, Sami
Bouzid, Jalel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
COD
coagulation
Fenton process
groundwater pollution
ChZT
koagulacja
proces Fentona
zanieczyszczenie wód gruntowych
Opis:
Landfill leachates (LFL) collected from Sfax (Tunisia) discharge area are characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium and salts contents. They constitute a source of phytotoxicity and pollution for ground water and surface water resources which requires an adequate treatment process. To evaluate the efficiency of the coagulation/flocculation treatment, special attention was paid to the effect of pH, coagulant and flocculant doses. Then, effect of zero valent iron was also studied alone and in combination with coagulation/flocculation pretreatment. Our results indicate high removal efficiencies by coagulation/flocculation (46% COD and 63% turbidity) and Fenton process (48% COD and 76% turbidity). The combined application of coagulation/flocculation and Fenton revealed higher COD removal (62%) and turbidity reduction (90%). These results showed the applicability of this combined treatment method for the degradation of organic compounds and reduction of the treated leachate toxicity.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2019, 45, 1; 139-153
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the possibility of replacing the rapid filtration process with ultrafiltration in surface water treatment systems
Autorzy:
Wolska, Małgorzata
Wisniewski, Jacek A.
Ferenc, Zbigniew
Adamski, Wojciech
Mołczan, Marek
Pawłowska, Magdalena
Szerzyna, Slawomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032923.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
water treatment
coagulation
sedimentation
filtration
uzdatnianie wody
koagulacja
sedymentacja
filtracja
Opis:
The presented study aimed to compare the effectiveness of ultrafiltration and filtration through a sand bed during the water treatment process after the coagulation and sedimentation. The study was conducted in two flow-type water treatment systems: the reference and the test system. Both systems functioned continuously with a throughput of 1 m3/h. The research has shown that both processes ensured a very effective removal of post-coagulation suspensions, however, ultrafiltration was more effective. The filtration process allowed a slightly higher removal of organic substances as compared to ultrafiltration. The effectiveness of the removal of organic substances was determined by the biological activity of sand beds, which is not allowed in the ultrafiltration process. Besides, during the filtration process, aluminum remaining after coagulation was more effectively removed. In turn, the ultrafiltration process ensured an almost 100% effectiveness in reducing the total microorganism cell count, while the effectiveness of the filtration process was approximately half of that. In the end, the possibility of replacing the filtration process with the ultrafiltration process is determined by the costs of both processes.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2021, 47, 2; 83-92
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Treatment of the pistachio processing wastewater using Fenton’s, ultrasound with Fenton’s, and coagulation processes
Autorzy:
Demir, O.
Rastgeldi, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207507.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
Fenton process
ultrasound irradiation
wastewater treatment
pistachio processing
proces Fentona
napromieniowanie ultradźwiękowe
oczyszczanie ścieków
przetwarzanie pistacji
Opis:
Pistachio processing wastewater was characterized and the treatability of wastewater using Fenton’s process, the combination of Fenton’s process with ultrasonic irradiation and coagulation processes was investigated. [Fe2+] = 27.6 mg/dm3, [H2O,sub>2]= 30 mg/dm3 and 75 min of reaction time were determined as the optimum conditions for Fenton’s process. Then, the combined treatment (ultrasound with Fenton’s process, was applied to the pistachio processing wastewater and 45% of COD removal efficiency was obtained. For the coagulation process, the optimum removal efficiencies of 60% and 45% were achieved for FeCl3 dosage of 2000 mg/dm3 and Al2(SO4)3 dosage of 3000 mg/dm3, respectively. The results demonstrate that higher COD removal efficiencies could be obtained from the combined ultrasound and Fenton’s process with respect to Fenton’s process alone. Besides, applying the coagulation process using FeCl3and Al2(SO4)3 also presents high COD removal efficiencies.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 1; 167-180
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of the most effective operating conditions of membrane bioreactor used to industrial wastewater treatment
Autorzy:
Świerczyńska, A.
Bohdziewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208164.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
wastewater treatment
activated sludge process
bioconversion
bioreactors
industrial water treatment
landfill
leachate treatment
water treatment
activated sludge
dairy wastewater
industrial wastewater treatment
membrane bioreactor
municipal landfills
oczyszczalnia ścieków
proces osadu czynnego
biokonwersja
bioreaktory
uzdatnianie wody przemysłowej
uzdatnianie wody
osad czynny
ścieki mleczarskie
oczyszczanie ścieków przemysłowych
bioreaktor membranowy
składowiska odpadów komunalnych
Opis:
The effectiveness of co-treatment of leachates from an old site of municipal landfill with a dairy industry wastewater in a membrane bioreactor has been investigated. The subjects of the study were leachates collected at the municipal landfill in Tychy and dairy wastewaters from Dairy Plant in Bieruń. The determination of the most effective technological parameters of the process, i.e. activated sludge load and its concentration and types of COD fractions in the reactor influent was made. It was shown that the activated sludge load at the level of 0.06 g COD/(gDM·d) was the highest permissible one among all the investigated loads and the process run effectively within the whole investigated range of concentrations of activated sludge in a bioreactor. It was found that in the treated wastewater, the fraction of easily degradable organic compounds was the dominant one.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2015, 41, 1; 41-51
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Advanced oxidation treatment of pentoxifylline in aqueous solutions
Autorzy:
Kamińska, B.
Skwierawska, A.
Kozłowska-Tylingo, K.
Tomczak-Wandzel, R.
Pazik, A.
Majewska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207333.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
copper(III)
Fenton process
sewage treatment plant
toxicity
pharmaceuticals
reakcja Fentona
miedź(III)
farmaceutyki
toksyczność
oczyszczalnia ścieków
Opis:
The degradation of pentoxifylline (PTX) using H2O2, UV, H2O2/UV, Fenton and photo-Fenton processes has been examined in aqueous solutions. The influence of oxidation agent and initial PTX concentration, on H2O2, H2O2/UV, Fenton and photo-Fenton reactions was investigated. The addition of inorganic ions (Cl, NO3, SO42– and CO32–) on the degradation efficiency of PTX was tested for H2O2/UV, Fenton and photo-Fenton processeses. The results indicate that the photo-Fenton reaction is the most sufficient for PTX removal. The complete pharmaceutics decomposition is achieved after 5 min under optimized concentration of FeSO4,·7 H2O2 and H2O2. The degradation of PTX is inhibited in the presence of inorganic matter in H2O2/UV and Fenton reaction. In the photo-Fenton process addition of above compounds does not affect the reaction rate. Structures of ten products of photo-Fenton reaction have been proposed.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 1; 31-47
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Failure of the side-stream deammonification process. Risk of violation of the WWTP effluent quality
Autorzy:
Janiak, J.
Miodoński, S.
Muszyński-Huhajło, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
activated sludge process
effluents
wastewater treatment
water quality
proces osadu czynnego
ścieki
oczyszczanie ścieków
jakość wody
Opis:
Stable and efficient nitrogen removal is one of main goals of wastewater treatment. Applying deammonification, beyond many advantages, results in the risk of the WWTP effluent quality violation in case of the failure of the process. Then nitrogen load to activated sludge is increasing rapidly which could therefore lead to quality violation in activated sludge effluent. Simulation studies have been presented on the effect of deammonification failure on nitrogen removal performance in the case of a typical, medium sized WWTP (ca. 115 000 PE). The studies were based on the calibrated ASMI model of real WWTP and a fictional scenario of implementing deammonification and subsequent failure. Implementing deammonification enables SR T optimization of the sludge retention time (SRT) in its main line thanks to lower nitrogen load. Two scenarios have been shown, considering or not optimization of the SRT in WWTP. The results show that SRT optimization leads to decrease in nitrifier mass and raises difficult issues in appropriate nitrogen concentration in the effluent.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2018, 44, 2; 169-179
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on the treatment of fluorine-containing wastewater by precipitation-adsorption process
Autorzy:
Li, Xiaochang
Lyu, Xianjun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201032.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
sewage
fluorine
activated carbon
adsorption
ścieki
fluor
węgiel aktywny
adsorpcja
Opis:
Fluorine-containing wastewater from the Yuncheng Sewage Treatment Plant in Heze City, Shan-dong Province was treated by coagulation and precipitation with poly aluminum sulfate, and CaO chemical precipitation-activated carbon adsorption, with a view to reducing fluoride ions concentration in the wastewater to below the discharge standard. The results showed that the optimum conditions for the coagulation-sedimentation test of poly aluminum sulfate were as follows: the dosage of poly aluminum sulfate 0.3 g/dm3, initial pH value 4.0, the removal rate of fluoride ion in the fluorine-containing wastewater reached 98.46%, and the concentration of fluoride ion was 0.462 mg/ dm3, which reached the discharge standard (1.5 mg/ dm3); The optimum conditions for the CaO chemical precipitation, and lanthanum loaded activated carbon adsorption method were as follows: the amount of CaO 20 g/ dm3, initial pH of the chemical precipitation test 8.0, the dosage of lanthanum loaded activated carbon 10 g/ dm3, and the initial pH of the adsorption test 6.0. At this time, the removal rate of fluoride ions in the fluorine-containing wastewater reached 95.81%, and the concentration of fluoride ions was 1.26 mg/ dm3, which also met the discharge standard.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2023, 49, 2; 55--73
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of modified coal through chemical activation process on performance of heterogeneous reverse osmosis membranes
Autorzy:
Thaçi, B.
Gashi, S.
Daci, N.
Daci, M.
Dylhasi, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207269.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
chemical activation
coal
membranes
reverse osmosis
wastewater treatment
reverse osmosis treatment
aktywacja chemiczna
węgiel
membrany
odwrócona osmoza
oczyszczanie ścieków przemysłowych
Opis:
Heterogeneous reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been prepared from cellulose acetate (CA) and modified coal through chemical activation. Nitric acid of various concentrations, sulfuric and acetic acids used for various time periods have been studied with respect to modification of structure of coal and consequently structure of RO membranes. The effect of these variables on the modification of coal was examined by IR spectroscopy. All membranes prepared in such a way showed improved performance in comparison with standard CA membranes. The volume flux of the best RO membranes at 94% level of solute separation was 3.87×10–2 m3/(m2·h) at 1.76 MPa using aqueous feed solution 400 mg/dm3 of sodium chloride. The performance improvement was related to increases of charge of groups of coal particles in the membrane, affecting their rheology and morphology resulting in better membrane productivity. The SEM of some membranes have also been presented. These membranes were tested also with 1:1, 1:2, 2:2 and 1:3 inorganic salt solutions. The agreement between the calculated and experimental data of solute separation for studied solutes was reasonably good.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2015, 41, 1; 53-65
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration processes for the elimination of three selected emerging contaminants: amitriptyline hydrochloride, methyl salicylate and 2-phenoxyethanol
Autorzy:
Benítez, F. J.
Real, F. J.
Acero, J. L.
Casas, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207379.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
COD
municipal wastewater treatment plants
water quality
filtration process
ChzT
miejskie oczyszczalnie ścieków
jakość wody
proces filtracji
Opis:
Three emerging contaminants: amitriptyline hydrochloride (AH), methyl salicylate (MS) and 2-phenoxyethanol (PE) were treated by means of filtration processes for their elimination from ultrapure (UP) water in a first stage, and from three water matrices (surface water from a reservoir, and two effluents from two municipal wastewater treatment plants) in a second stage. For this purpose, ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes were used in a cross-flow laboratory equipment. The permeate fluxes at the steady state were determined, and the resistances to the permeate flux were established. It was found that the inherent resistance of the clean membranes provided a much larger resistance than the fouling resistance. The retention coefficients for each individual contaminant were evaluated, as well as the retention coefficients referred to three water quality parameters: absorbance at 254 nm, COD and TOC. These parameters provide the effectiveness of the filtration processes for the elimination of the organic matter present in the selected water matrices.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 3; 125-141
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Removal of pesticides and inorganic pollutants by reverse osmosis
Autorzy:
Šír, M.
Podhola, M.
Patočka, T.
Honzajková, Z.
Kocurek, P.
Bystrianský, M.
Vurm, R.
Kubal, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207770.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
groundwater
groundwater pollution
pesticides
reverse osmosis
water treatment
batch process
chlorinated pesticides
inorganic pollutants
polyamide membranes
wody gruntowe
zanieczyszczenie wód gruntowych
pestycydy
odwrócona osmoza
uzdatnianie wody
proces wsadowy
chlorowane pestycydy
zanieczyszczenia nieorganiczne
membrany poliamidowe
Opis:
Contamination of soil and groundwater with pesticides is mainly caused by old ecological burdens. This study focuses on the treatment of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated pesticides. The contaminants mainly include α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, HCB, DDE, DDD and DDT. Reverse osmosis technology using RO98pHt polyamide membranes was used to remove the pollutants under batch process conditions. The observed rate of removal ranged from 98.4% to 99.7%. Total dissolved content solids decreased from 1.35 g/dm3 to below 0.05 g/dm3.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2015, 41, 2; 159-166
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14

    Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies