Temat: drewno świerkowe - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Badanie spadku wytrzymałości drewna świerkowego modyfikowanego termicznie w warunkach temperatur pożarowych
The investigation of immediate strength loss of thermally modified spruce timber under fire temperatures
Autorzy:: Oszust, M.
Pieniak, D.
Ogrodnik, P.
Dec, L.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52682.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:: drewno
modyfikacja drewna
modyfikacja termiczna
drewno swierkowe
drewno zmodyfikowane
wytrzymalosc
temperatury pozarowe
Opis:: Modyfikowanie termiczne drewna jest jedną z nowych technologii mających na celu poprawę jego właściwości. Drewno modyfikowane termicznie (TT) charakteryzuje się innymi parametrami użytkowo-estetycznymi niż drewno naturalne niemodyfikowane (NTT). Celem badań była ocena wpływu temperatur występujących w środowisku pożaru na zmiany wytrzymałości drewna świerkowego modyfikowanego termicznie. Badania zostały wykonane na specjalnie zaprojektowanym stanowisku badawczym z możliwością oddziaływania wysokich temperatur. Określono wartości wytrzymałości przy rozciąganiu, ściskaniu oraz zginaniu w temperaturach normalnych i pożarowych. Zaprezentowano analizę porównawczą spadku wytrzymałości drewna świerkowego TT i drewna świerkowego NTT. Wykazano istotny wpływ temperatur pożarowych na spadek wytrzymałości badanego drewna, postępujący w kolejnych przedziałach temperatur.
Thermal modification of timber is one of the new technologies aiming at the improvement of timber properties. Thermally modified timber (TT) has different aesthetic and utility parameters compared to non-modified timber (NTT). The objective of this study was the assessment of the influence of temperatures present in fire conditions on the immediate changes in strength of thermally modified spruce timber. Tests were made at a dedicated test stand equipped with a possibility of producing impact with high temperatures. The values of tensile strength, compression strength and bending strength in normal and fire temperatures conditions were determined. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the strength loss of TT spruce timber and NTT spruce timber. The study confirmed a significant influence of fire temperatures on the strength loss of tested timber in chosen ranges of increasing temperatures.
Źródło:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2011, 54, 185
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Jakość surowca świerkowego pochodzącego z drzewostanów naturalnych (rezerwatowych) i drzewostanów pełniących funkcje gospodarcze
The quality of spruce timber from natural stands (forest reserves) and managed stands
Autorzy:: Michalec, K.
Barszcz, A.
Wasik, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52586.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:: drzewostany swierkowe
drzewostany naturalne
drzewostany gospodarcze
surowce drzewne
drzewa lesne
swierk
drewno swierkowe
jakosc
struktura jakosciowa
wady drewna
Opis:: W artykule przedstawiono wyniki analizy porównawczej jakości surowca świerkowego pochodzącego z drzewostanów naturalnych (rezerwatowych) i drzewostanów pełniących funkcje gospodarcze. W analizach uwzględniono również wady drewna wpływające na wyniki klasyfikacji badanego surowca oraz częstotliwość ich występowania. Wytypowane do badań drzewostany zlokalizowane były w terenach górskich: w Sudetach i Karpatach. W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz stwierdzono, że nieznacznie lepsze pod względem jakości surowca drzewnego są w porównaniu z drzewostanami naturalnymi (rezerwatowymi) drzewostany pełniące funkcje gospodarcze.
The aim of this study is to determine the variation in the quality structure of spruce timber and to analyze the frequency of occurrence of trees with defects, including the generic structure of defects in natural stands (forest reserves) and stands serving economic functions. The study was conducted on 20 experimental plots located within the Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains, of which 10 were located in the area of nature reserves or national parks while the other 10 - in the managed stands (table 1). Each experimental plot constituted 5 or 10% of the area of the whole stand, depending on its differentiation. The following tasks were performed on the experimental plots: measurement of the breast-height diameter of each tree with a thickness of at least 7 cm, measurement of the height of each tree, quality assessment of the first section of the tree stem from the base along with its quality-dimensional class or group [Zasady... 2003], recording the types and varieties of wood defects. Analyzing the research material obtained, the stem of each tree growing on an experimental plot underwent simulated division into sections corresponding to the quality-dimensional classes and groups which could theoretically be distinguished over the whole length of a stem up to its top. The starting point was the quality-dimensional class noted in the butt section of the stem (section 1) during the field research. The above tasks included the use of the Radwański tables [Roczniki... 1956], which allowed the determination of the size and volume of each section of the spruce stems on the basis of the breast-height diameter and the tree height; wood defects, noted in field, were also taken into account. The material obtained was divided into 2 groups: data from the reserves and from the managed stands. For the material grouped in this way, juxtapositions were made of the average volumes of individual stem sections in quality-dimensional classes and groups of timber and the percentages of particular timber classes and groups in the two stand types were calculated. The material was also analyzed taking into account the generic structure of defects (percentages of individual trees with particular wood defects in a given group of stands). The next stage consisted in statistical analyses using the U-Mann-Whitney test, examining the significance of differences in the quality-dimensional structure of timber and the share of trees with defects between the two groups of stands. The research showed that trees growing in natural stands (reserves) are characterized by a greater average height, thickness (d1.3 and d1/2) and volume of individual trees as compared with the same characteristics of spruce trees in managed stands (table 2). Also, the average volume of the large-sized timber sections (WA, WB1, WB, WC, WD) of individual trees from natural forests dominated the volume of tree sections in managed stands. Despite that fact, the volume/ha of natural forest stands was lower (355.91 m3/ha) than of managed stands (380.27 m3/ha). By analyzing the quality-dimensional structure of the examined timber it was found that the proportion of higher quality timber classes (WA and WB) prevails in the managed stands, resulting in a lower share of the WC class of timber (fig. 1). Only the share of WB1 class timber prevails in natural stands. The managed stands also showed a larger share of medium-sized timber (groups S1, S2 and S4) as compared to natural forests. TheU-Mann-Whitney statistical test, however, did not show statistically significant differences in the timber quality structure between the natural and the managed stands (U = 49.00, Z = -0.0378, p = 0.9698). Subsequently, it was found that the proportion of trees with quality reduced by defects was higher in the natural stands (70.38%) as compared to the managed stands (67.13%). The main defect, decisive for timber quality, were knots (in both groups of stands). The share of trees with that defect was greater in the stands of natural origin (fig. 2). In those stands, there was also a larger share of trees with rot (external and internal rot) and unilateral curvatures. The managed stands demonstrated a share of injuries (overgrown and open ones) as well as bilateral and multilateral curvatures that was higher than in the natural stands. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that in the managed stands within the research area a higher quality of spruce timber as well as higher volume/ha were noted as compared to the natural stands (forest reserves). Stands in forest reserves are generally located at higher altitudes in the mountains or hardly accessible areas; their main purpose are protective functions, they also serve the purposes of research. In the stands situated in forest reserves there was reported, in comparison with the managed stands, a higher incidence of trees with a large number of knots and highly affected by rot. A frequent presence of such defects is inevitable there because this group does not undergo any management cuts that would improve timber quality. Moreover, the presence of rot is due to the advanced age of these stands. At the same time, what is disturbing is a large share of trees with injuriesin the managed stands. Given that spruce is very sensitive to mechanical damage of the stem, resulting in rapid development of rot, caution is recommended during forest management work and harvesting in spruce stands.
Źródło:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2013, 56, 189
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:: Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

Artykuł

Zmień widok

na półce

Informacja

Wyszukujesz frazę "drewno świerkowe" wg kryterium: Temat

Źródło danych

Dostawca treści

Kolekcja

Rok wydania

Wydawca

Temat

Autor

Typ dokumentu

Język