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    Tytuł:
    Selektywność emigracji i migracji powrotnych Polaków – o procesie „wypłukiwania”
    Autorzy:
    Anacka, Marta
    Fihel, Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498739.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    return migration
    selectivity of migration
    washing-out of population
    Opis:
    The paper contains the analysis of selectivity of emigration and return migration to Poland in years 2004-2008. By using Migration Selectivity Index with comparable data (Labour Force Survey) we were able to confirm the hypothesis of ‘washing-out’ of selected categories of Polish population: men, people with post-secondary, secondary and vocational level of education, inhabitants of rural areas and those who live in agricultural households. We made an attempt to estimate the scale of the phenomenon and described its demographic consequences. Our analysis corresponds with the ‘crowding out’ hypothesis (Okólski 2011, 2012; cf. Grabowska-Lusińska, Okólski 2009; Anacka, Okólski 2010) stating that the post-accession emigration from Poland gave a chance to an economically ‘redundant’ labour force to move to regions and economic sectors with high demand for labour.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2012, 1, 1; 57-67
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polish Emigration to the UK after 2004; Why Did So Many Come?
    Autorzy:
    Okólski, Marek
    Salt, John
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498639.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    post-accession migration
    statistics of migration from Poland to the UK
    determinants of migration from Poland to the UK
    Opis:
    Despite the abundance of studies of Polish migration to the UK immediately before and in the aftermath of accession to the EU in 2004, one fundamental question has never been clearly answered: why did so many Poles move to the UK? We have sought to provide general explanations, rather than inquiring into the range of observed diversity. We begin by putting together statistical and other data from both ends of the flow in order to assess the scale of movement to and from the UK and to determine the reasons for what may well have been the largest voluntary migration between two countries. We used data from both countries and especially the recently published statistics from the 2011 UK census to present a detailed picture of the characteristics of those involved. Polish statistics suggest a more ‘elite’ flow to the UK than to other countries. The UK census pictures a maturing settled population, still tending to occupy relatively lower skilled jobs but showing evidence of upward social mobility. The movements are particularly a response to demographic and economic factors in Poland and to a widespread but to some extent hidden shortage of labour in some sectors in the UK. These factors combine with a set of political circumstances in both countries to produce an explanatory framework that may be summarised as ‘right people, right place, and right circumstances.’
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2014, 3, 2; 11-37
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mixing Different Traditions and Picking What’s Best’: Characteristics and Migration Experiences of Polish High-Tech Professionals in Silicon Valley
    Autorzy:
    Sasnal, Marzena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233817.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    migration of the highly skilled
    high-tech professionals
    Polish migrants in the United States
    Silicon Valley
    transnationalism
    Opis:
    Growing demand for a highly skilled workforce in a knowledge- and technology-based economy stimulates the recruitment of international professionals, resulting in their increased participation in the total volume of international migrants. However, little scholarly attention has been paid to their integration strategies and migration trajectories. Drawing on 46 interviews with Polish high-tech professionals, this article explores their characteristics and migration experiences in Silicon Valley. Grounded theory, a biographical method, a transnational approach and the concept of social anchoring guided my data collection, analysis and interpretation. The study results indicated that high-tech professionals were well prepared for immigration to the United States and were able to integrate effectively into the multicultural environment of Silicon Valley by adopting the rules of the host society ‘only as much as necessary’ without rejecting their previous cultural affiliations. Working at the level of competence and professional experience from the moment of arriving in the United States facilitated their structural adaptation to American society. The study contributes to the existing body of literature in migration research by offering a nuanced insight into motivations, identities and values of modern highly skilled migrants and providing new ways of understanding their decision-making processes on migration and settlement.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 1; 201-224
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Diverse, Fragile and Fragmented: The New Map of European Migration
    Autorzy:
    King, Russell
    Okólski, Marek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498605.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Europe
    phases of migration
    political events
    asylum-seekers and refugees
    migration policy
    Opis:
    In this paper we review the significant political events and economic forces shaping contemporary migration within and into Europe. Various data sources are deployed to chronicle five phases of migration affecting the continent over the period 1945–2015: immediate postwar migrations of resettlement, the mass migration of ‘guestworkers’, the phase of economic restructuring and family reunion, asylum-seeking and irregular migration, and the more diverse dynamics unfolding in an enlarged European Union post-2004, not forgetting the spatially variable impact of the 2008 economic crisis. In recent years, in a scenario of rising migration globally, there has been an increase in intra-European migration compared to immigration from outside the continent. However, this may prove to be temporary given the convergence of economic indicators between ‘East’ and ‘West’ within the EU and the European Economic Area, and that ongoing population pressures from the global South, especially Africa, may intensify. Managing these pressures will be a major challenge from the perspective of a demographically shrinking Europe.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2019, 8, 1; 9-32
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Adaptation Strategies of Highly Skilled Latvian Migrants: The Role of Pre-Migration Cultural Capital and Typical Pathways to Labour-Market Upper Positions
    Autorzy:
    Šūpule, Inese
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049896.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    highly skilled migration
    transferability of human capital
    strategies of adaptation
    Opis:
    This article analyses the strategies of adaptation used by highly skilled Latvian migrants to make the best of their situation abroad. As empirical data, 26 semi-structured in-depth interviews with highly skilled Latvian nationals in finances, management, IT and the health sector are analysed. The study reveals how migrants negotiate the value of their cultural capital in the new country’s labour market. Different adaptation strategies are typical for the pre-migration phase, the phase of transition and initial settlement and of establishment in the host country. The main conclusion of the study is that pre-migration cultural capital (education, work experience, language knowledge and general and specific skills) is important but not sufficient to be successful in new country’s labour market – in the UK, Germany, Norway and the USA. The labour-market outcomes are a result of the interplay between migrants’ individual resources and decisions on extensive investments in country-specific human capital and structural constraints – such as typical recruitment patterns in a particular occupation and host country.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2021, 10, 2; 111-129
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Precarious Posted Migration: The Case of Romanian Construction and Meat-Industry Workers in Germany
    Autorzy:
    Voivozeanu, Alexandra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049955.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    posted workers
    level of precarity
    migration
    Romania
    Germany
    Opis:
    Drawing on in-depth interviews with Romanian workers posted in the German construction and meat-processing industries, with representatives of German unions and with migrant advisers, and on ethnographic work, this study examines precarity in posted employment. Firstly, the paper describes the precarious circumstances of Romanians posted in the construction and meat-industry sectors in Germany. Secondly, analysing the Romanians’ own perspectives, it shows that low wages in the country of origin, often associated with insecurity and poor working conditions, drive these workers to engage in posted work. Their lack of knowledge of the German language prevents them from finding and carrying out standard jobs in Germany and, thus, determines that they remain in posted employment. Finally, the paper argues that posted workers experience different layers of precarity in the country of destination. It shows that those under contract with various companies for short periods of time are more precarious than de facto posted workers and workers with long-term informal agreements with one single employer.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2019, 8, 2; 85-99
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Education–Employment Mismatch among Ukrainian Migrants in the Czech Republic
    Autorzy:
    Leontiyeva, Yana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498785.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Ukrainian migration
    Czech Republic
    utilisation of skills
    education–occupation mismatch
    waste of human capital
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to provide a brief overview of current labour migration from Ukraine to the Czech Republic and to explore the degree to which Ukrainian labour migrants utilise their skills on the Czech labour market. The analysis, using internal statistical data from the Czech Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and evidence from specific migrant surveys, is focused on the relationship between the formal education of economically active Ukrainian migrants and their position on the Czech labour market, and the extent to which there is an educational–occupational mismatch. The article analyses the factors that might influence the match between jobs and formal education and the position of Ukrainian migrants in the labour market. Analysis of the educational background of Ukrainian respondents does not seem to support the popular stereotype of the average Ukrainian as a university-educated construction-site worker or a cleaner, primarily due to the fact that the Czech Republic does not only attract well-educated Ukrainian migrants. Nevertheless, a comparison of the educational and occupational structures of Ukrainian migration does provide evidence of a significant waste of human capital.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2014, 3, 1; 63-84
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Return Migration and Social Change in Poland: ‘Closures’ to Migrants’ Non-Economic Transfers
    Autorzy:
    Dzięglewski, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/498611.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    post-accession migration
    social change
    social remittances
    return migrant
    actor of change
    Opis:
    The aim of this article is to provide an empirical test of the model of non-economic transfers by migrants such as values, attitudes, behaviours, lifestyles, transnational social networks, know-how, skills and knowledge. The first part of the article discusses the current state of Polish society, identifies the direction of social change in Poland since 1989 and analyses the mutual dependency between social change and migration. The second section offers the analytical model and describes how existing empirical data from official statistics and research reports as well as the author’s own research projects have been analysed. The crucial element of the model is the notion of ‘closure’, defined as any factor that makes the migrants’ non-economic transfers difficult or impossible. Within each of the three categories of closure – socio-economic, cultural and psycho-social – more specific barriers to non-economic transfers are tested, e.g., lack of cohesive policy towards return migrants, social narratives on migration or ‘homecomer syndrome’. The analysis leads to the conclusion that, however difficult the measurement of the impact of return migration on social change at this stage, return migrants’ transfers are accelerating the process of social change in Poland towards the model of well-developed, post-modern Western societies, whereas closures impede this process.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2016, 5, 2; 167-188
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in the Involvement of Polish Local Governments in Public Policies Addressing Involuntary Migration Following the 2022 Inflow of Ukrainian Forced Migrants
    Autorzy:
    Magdziarz, Wiktor
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48839526.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    forced migration
    2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
    local government
    policy change
    multi-level governance (MLG)
    Opis:
    This paper analyses the changes in the involvement of Polish local governments in the system of public policies addressing the needs of forced migrants in Poland. The driver of such changes was the humanitarian emergency connected to the influx of Ukrainian forced migrants in 2022, which followed the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In a multi-level governance context, the article unpacks the policy-change process, discussing the interplay between the Polish public-policy system, the political context, the state polity, and local governments’ activity. During the humanitarian emergency, the external circumstances for local governments’ operations altered. Many local authorities attempted to expand their involvement, while sometimes questioning the inter-institutional power balance. The functional role – the scope of their responsibility and the activities that they undertake – of local governments in the discussed policy system was temporarily extended. Moreover, in the context of power relations between the actors of the policy system, their structural position vis-à-vis other stakeholders was redefined, as their agency and political impact increased. This article concludes that the above, mostly temporary, changes will have implications for the broader development of the Polish migration-policy system, resulting in Polish local governments inflicting greater political impact on such a system in the future, while also maintaining increased activity around policies addressing forced migrants.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2024, 13, 1; 47-68
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    (Non-)Moderating the Migration and Mobility of EU Citizens: A Literature Review
    Autorzy:
    Kunhardt, Jenny
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48809761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    intra-EU migration
    freedom of movement
    institutional action
    multi-level governance
    European integration
    labour mobility
    social inclusion
    Opis:
    This article presents a systematic literature review of 84 English-language publications which analysed findings concerning how institutions addressed and moderated different patterns and challenges of migration and mobility within the European right of free movement zone. The synopsis of the publications shows the ignorance of many institutions towards migrating and mobile EU citizens, due to conflicts of interest and the dismissal of responsibilities. The lack of coordination between political levels and the missing implementation of equal rights have exclusionary effects for vulnerable groups and show ambivalences of the European integration process.
    Źródło:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 2; 207-225
    2300-1682
    Pojawia się w:
    Central and Eastern European Migration Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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