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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    A New Method for Predicting the Friction Sensitivity of Nitramines
    Autorzy:
    Keshavarz, M. H.
    Hayati, M.
    Ghariban-Lavasani, S.
    Zohari, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358230.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    friction sensitivity
    nitramine
    correlation
    safety
    Opis:
    This study presents a new simple correlation between friction sensitivity of nitramines and their molecular structures. This novel correlation can help chemists and chemical engineers to predict the friction sensitivity of new nitramines without using any experimental data, which is important for safety in industrial processes. The new correlation can also help to elucidate the mechanism of initiation of energetic materials by frictional stimuli. This new method assumes that friction sensitivity of a nitramine of general formula CaHbNcOd can be expressed as a function of the optimized elemental composition and the contributions of specific molecular structural parameters. The new correlation has root mean square and average deviations of 7.64 and 6.44 J, respectively, for 20 nitramines with different molecular structures. The proposed new method was also tested for 11 nitramines containing complex molecular structures.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2015, 12, 2; 215-227
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Friction Sensitivity of the ε-CL-20 Crystals Obtained in Precipitation Process
    Autorzy:
    Szczygielska, J.
    Chlebna, S.
    Maksimowski, P.
    Skupiński, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358476.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    CL-20
    crystallization
    friction sensitivity
    shape and size of crystal
    Opis:
    The purpose of this work was to obtain samples of CL-20 by precipitation process in a solvent/nonsolvent system, under variable process parameters such as: antisolvent kind, time of nonsolvent addition, stirrer speed, mass of seeded crystals of ε-CL-20. Received samples were studied in the aspect of their sensitivity to friction. As the results of the crystallization processes were prepared crystals of different sizes and shapes depend on applied parameters. It was affirmed, that applied antisolvent has essential influence on type of received crystals. CL-20 crystals of cuboid shape and sizes of 80-200 μm were obtained by recrystallization from ethyl acetate/chloroform. As the result of the recrystallization from ethyl acetate/xylene crystals with rounded edges were obtained. Crystals, from both samples, were mostly single and showed the lowest sensitivity to friction. Also, the crystals of irregular shape and sharp-edged agglomerates were obtained from systems with n-heptane, isooctane, cyclohexane and toluene, which revealed the highest friction sensitivities.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2011, 8, 2; 117-130
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Decreasing the Friction Sensitivity of TATP, DADP and HMTD
    Autorzy:
    Matyáš, R.
    Šelešovský, J.
    Musil, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358197.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    primary explosive
    TATP
    HMTD
    sensitivity to friction
    desensitization
    Opis:
    The infuence of water and WD-40 oil content on the sensitivity to friction of three primary explosives, triacetone triperoxide (TATP), diacetone diperoxide (DADP) and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD), has been investigated. All of these explosives belong to a group of improvised explosives. The possibility of desensitization of these explosives by the addition of other substances was studied. Sensitivity curves were obtained for the solid organic peroxides with various liquid contents. The sensitivity decreases signifcantly with only a small quantity of liquid − up to about 20% of the liquid. Further increase in the liquid content has a negligible further impact on the sensitivity to friction. Water and WD-40 oil were compared as desensitizating agents.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2013, 10, 2; 263-275
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study of TATP: Mass Loss and Friction Sensitivity During Ageing
    Autorzy:
    Matyáš, R.
    Šelešovský, J.
    Musil, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358184.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    triacetone triperoxide
    TATP
    3,3,6,6,9,9-hexamethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8- hexoxonane
    friction sensitivity
    mass loss
    Opis:
    Triacetone triperoxide (3,3,6,6,9,9-hexamethyl-1,2,4,5,7,8-hexoxonane; TATP) is one of the most frequently used improvised explosives, often misused worldwide. In our previous studies, we had observed that the kind of acid used to catalyse its formation has a significant influence on TATP's properties. TATP was prepared using five different acids that are often used in improvised conditions. All of the samples were subjected to natural ageing in both open and closed vials at laboratory temperature. During ageing, TATP sublimes and decomposes. The changes in crystal size and shape after ageing were documented by optical microscopy. The mass loss was monitored about every third day during ageing. Samples prepared using sulphuric and perchloric acids lose weight more quickly than the others due to chemical decomposition. The friction sensitivity was determined for all samples before and after ageing. Neither the type of acid used nor the influence of closing the vials had any significant influence on the friction sensitivity after ageing. The friction sensitivity of all tested samples of TATP was about the same ? between that of lead azide and that of mercury fulminate.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2012, 9, 3; 251-260
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Probit Analysis - a Promising Tool for Evaluation of Explosives Sensitivity
    Autorzy:
    Šelešovský, J.
    Pachmáň, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/357996.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    probit analysis
    sensitivity
    sensitiveness
    friction
    impact
    Opis:
    The sensitivity of explosives to various initiating events, in probability of initiation-level of stimulus space, has a shape of sigmoidal curve. In standard sensitivity tests only one point on this curve is sought, most often the 50% initiation probability level. The usual (and most often used) method for its determination is the up-and-down method. The whole sensitivity curve can be obtained by conducting large number of trials at all levels or more effectively by probit analysis. The usage of probit analysis, improvement of the precision of the results and comparison with the results precision of the up-and-down method is demonstrated by the example of determination of sensitivity to friction.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2010, 7, 3; 269-278
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studies on Sensitivity of Nitrate Ester Plasticized Hydroxyl Terminated Prepolymer Based Energetic Solid Rocket Propellants
    Autorzy:
    Bhowmik, D.
    Sadavarte, V. S.
    Charbhe, V. D.
    Pande, S. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358663.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
    Tematy:
    sensitivity
    impact
    friction
    card gap test
    DDT test
    SLSG test
    Opis:
    The sensitivities of energetic materials as well as advanced energetic solid propellants are invariably associated with the nature of the stimuli that are responsible for the initiation of their decomposition. Hence it is important to study the chemical processes involved with these decompositions. While assessing the potential application of new propellant formulations containing energetic materials, it is important to assess their sensitivity to the hazards involved during their handling, transport, storage and use. This paper reports the results of impact, friction, heat, spark and shock sensitivities of advanced high energy solid rocket propellant formulations based on nitrate ester plasticized, hydroxyl terminated prepolymer (SPB-255) as an energetic binder loaded with solid ingredients like ammonium perchlorate (AP), aluminium (Al) and cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX). The results of the small card gap test showed that they are more sensitive than a composite modified double base (CMDB) propellant, which in turn is more sensitive than double base (DB) as well as composite propellants. Deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) tests carried out for the advanced energetic propellant did not show any detonation phenomena. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) equivalence and super large scale gap (SLSG) tests have been carried out for the determination of hazard classification of the energetic solid rocket propellant. The requirements to achieve both higher performance in terms of improved energy (i.e., specific impulse, Isp) and reduced sensitivity for the same propellant composition are contradictory; one should be sacrificed for the other, within manageable limits.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 3; 605-620
    1733-7178
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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