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Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5
Tytuł:
Le mot, l’entité nommée et les définitions stipulatives
Word, named entity and stipulative definitions
Autorzy:
Bogacki, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
entité nommée
mot
définition descriptive
définition stipulative
named entity
word
descriptive definition
stipulative definition
Opis:
Le but de cet article est d’explorer les difficultés que pose la définition du ‘mot’. Elles proviennent toutes du fait que les définitions existantes qu’on en donne sont descr iptives. En effet, elles prennent en compte une très longue liste de contextes dans un grand nombre de langues où ce terme a été utilisé. Or, aucune des définitions envisagées ne correspond à la totalité de ses usages. Au contraire, l’appelation ’entité nommée’, récemment introduite par le biais d’une définition stipulative, est celle qui impose une signification précise dans un contexte donné. Elle échappe donc à l’opposition entre “correcte” ou “incorrecte”. Elle a été créée pour être utilisée dans des situations précises : requête d’informations structurées simples à partir de textes non structurés (ou faiblement formatés), réponse aux questions, résumé de textes, indexation, annotation, etc.
The purpose of this paper is to explore difficulties in defining the term ’word’. They stem from the fact that the existing definitions are descriptive, which means that they take into account a very long list of contexts – linguistic and others – and a variety of languages where this term has been used. None of the definitions considered corresponds to the totality of uses of this term. On the contrary, the term ‘named entity’, recently introduced by a stipulative definition, is the one in which this new term is given a specific meaning in a given context. It is neither “correct” nor “incorrect”. It was created in such a way that it can be useful for its intended purposes such as getting simple structured information out of unstructured (or loosely formatted) text, question answering, classifying information, automatic (or semi-automatic) text summarization, indexing, annotation etc.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2015, 15; 59-77
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uczucie świadczące o naszej niedoskonałości, czyli wstyd w definicjach studentów lubelskich
A feeling which reveals our imperfection – the notion of wstyd ‘shame, embarrassment’, as defined by university students in Lublin
Autorzy:
Karwatowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
shame
embarrassment
feeling
definition
student
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to analyse the definitions of the word wstyd ‘shame, embarrassment’ formulated by the students of the Faculty of Humanities at Maria Curie Skłodowska University in Lublin (overall, one hundred and fifty people). Before the analysis is undertaken, the author refers to what is known about this complex and equivocal feeling. Most of the students provided open, cognitive definitions of the word, but some of them also gave closed, structural and ostensive definitions. In the majority of the instances, the notion was defined in negative terms, but in a few cases its positive aspects were mentioned. In such cases, wstyd was described as a regulator of behaviour, as a factor which prevents people from acting in socially unacceptable ways. Hence such terms used in its description as a compass or a brake.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2018, 18; 89-98
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Definicje dziecka w twórczości Janusza Korczaka
Definitions of the child in the works of Janusz Korczak
Autorzy:
Jarecka-Kowalczyk, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40252491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
child
definition
Janusz Korczak
valuing
Opis:
The reconstruction of the image of the child would have to begin with the ways of establishing the subject of research, namely, the basis of the verbal image of the child. Words and names distinguish and identify concepts and things, carry a certain meaning, and it is the context that sometimes allows to make the meaning more specific. However, in Korczak’s work it is not that easy, because there is no single, consistent definition of the child, there are many different explanations and explications of the concept in question depending on the situation and circumstances it was located by the author. I will try to show the meanings and connotations of the lexeme ‘child’ used in Korczak’s texts. It must be emphasized that the motif of the child is omnipresent in Korczak’s world, it acts as a dominant in each of the texts under analysis Nevertheless, putting these images together into a single, coherent picture seems impossible for several reasons. One of them is the fact that the child is involved in many different linguistic, cultural, social and generational contexts in Korczak’s prose. The other is the repertoire of linguistic means the author used to define the concept of the child and to create an image of the child to model the ways the child is perceived.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2022, 22; 179-191
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ciało w tekstach piosenek polskich raperów
References to the body in the lyrics of Polish rap songs
Autorzy:
Puchala, Izabela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2117253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
body
definition
hip hop songs
lyrics
hip hop
hip hop subculture
rapper
Opis:
This article is an attempt to analyse the portrayal of the body in the lyrics of Polish hip hop songs. The analysis focuses on one hundred randomly chosen songs which include the lexeme ciało ‘body’. All the analysed songs were written by Polish rappers after the year 2000. The paper begins by describing the hip hop subculture; it also presents an overview of the definitions of the term ciało ‘body’ offered by dictionaries of contemporary Polish. The analysis of the collected lyrics reveals that rappers use the noun ciało ‘body’ to refer to ‘an organism, alive or dead, seen as a whole’ as well as to ‘a female’ presented as a sexual object.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2018, 18; 197-210
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Parlons cerises : les prédicats et les relations dans les définitions lexicographiques et dans les énoncés définitoires
Talking cherries: predicates and relationships in the dictionary definitions and the defining statements
Autorzy:
Śliwa, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2118216.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
sémantique
structure ontologique
signifié
prédicats
hyperonymes
définitions lexicographiques
discours spécialisé
semantics
ontological structure
predication
hyperonym
lexicographical definition
specialist discourse
Opis:
A partir d’une relecture d’Aristote par les métaphysiciens réalistes (Thomas d’Aquin, Gilson, Maryniarczyk) sur la nature des êtres et des objets du réel nous proposons de redéfinir le sens des mots à partir de la définition du concept en tant que résultat de la participation active du sujet parlant dans la connaissance du monde. Dans la description sémantique et dans la formulation des définitions lexicographiques il faut donc tenir compte des liens entre le réel et le conceptuel et de la cohérence interne des composantes du concept assurée par les liens logiques de cause et de but. Une telle description, à partir de la structure ontologique élaborée selon les bases de la métaphysique réaliste, est réalisée par l’instrument d’analyse que sont les structures prédicatives (phrases-sources) exprimant une propriété de l’entité. L’analyse des dénominations des cerises confirme la nécessité de la description cohérente pour les définitions lexicographiques des noms d’une catégorie des entités. Les prédications sous-jacentes aux dénominations varient en fonction du discours général ou spécialisé des sujets parlants.
The aim of the present paper is to present a semantic analysis of meaning that is based on adequately read Aristotelian concept, and developed within the framework of metaphysical realism. A reflection on the nature of real existence makes one discover an ontic structure of actually existing objects; this internally coherent structure is closely related to the resulting ontological structure that is fundamental to all meaning relations. As opposed to the traditionally adopted division between ontological and logical relations, metaphysical realism explains semantic relations between particular components of an object in question: this is due to the fact that these components are linked under logical relations, where the relation of causality is of superior character. In this account, the units of description are source sentences, i.e. the predications where the predicative expression designates a given component (property) or relation. In lexicographical definitions and definitional statements, such predications are linked together and subject to syntactic and morphological transformations. A review of selected names of cherries in French (cerises) and their lexical definitions indicates that there is a need for ontological structure of certain cherry varieties, and for their respective names within the category to be hierarchically organized by an expert. Particular predications express human cognitive activity that is structured not only by logical reasoning but also by sensual perception. This fundamental concept dates back to Aristotle, who spoke of the essence of things rather than the necessary and sufficient conditions to capture the meaning of a word.
Źródło:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe; 2015, 15; 413-427
1641-6961
Pojawia się w:
Białostockie Archiwum Językowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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