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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Review of methods for assessing traffic conditions on basic motorway and expressway sections
    Autorzy:
    Romanowska, Aleksandra
    Jamroz, Kazimierz
    Olszewski, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224305.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    motorway
    expressway
    basic segments
    capacity
    traffic conditions
    Opis:
    Motorways and expressways are the core of each country’s road system. Road planning, design and management requires tools to ensure that roads have the right geometry, traffic layout and equipment. These include methods for capacity estimation and assessing traffic conditions. Because the paper focusses on the basic segments of motorways and expressways (sections located between interchanges and outside of their influence), its objective is to review and compare methods used worldwide and establish whether their assumptions or procedures could be used in Polish conditions. Four methods were selected for analysis: US, German, Swedish and Dutch. Theoretical and empirical comparisons were conducted, with the latter using data from sections of motorways and expressways in Poland collected in the RID-2B project. The results of the analyses showed important differences between the methods in terms of procedures for traffic conditions assessment, assumptions, base capacities, traffic conditions measures, factors or speed-flow models. Significant differences were also found when traffic parameter estimates made with particular methods were compared to real data from Polish roads. The results contributed to the development of Poland’s new method, to be prepared as a result of the RID-2B project. It was concluded that none of the analysed methods can be directly adopted to Polish conditions. An important conclusion is the need to include Poland-specific motorway speed limits and procedure for determining free-flow speed, the basis for further analyses.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2019, 52, 4; 7-25
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the influence of expressway emergencies on transmission speeds and travel delays
    Autorzy:
    Shi, Xianfu
    Liu, Xingliang
    Li, Menghui
    Liu, Tangzhi
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173933.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    expressway
    congestion
    propagation
    travel time delay
    logistic velocity
    droga ekspresowa
    kongestia transportowa
    transport drogowy
    prędkość logistyczna
    Opis:
    Expressway emergencies tend to cause traffic congestion, and understanding the travel time delays of on-road vehicles under different combinations of event scenarios and road traffic conditions is valuable for guiding the accurate emergency dispatch services. Most existing studies used methods that combine the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards (LWR) theory and basic traffic diagrams to solve this problem, but the discrete traffic flow characteristics caused by the presence of heavy vehicles have not been considered, thus affecting the applicability of those results to road traffic characteristics in China. Moreover, there is a lack of systematic research on multiple combinations of unexpected event scenarios and traffic conditions, and the guidance value of the previously obtained results is limited. In order to improve the applicability of the prediction model and accurately predict the severity of emergencies, based on a logistic model that is applicable to emergencies, a velocity–density model is constructed to describe discrete traffic flow characteristics. Based on LWR theory, the internal driving force of expressway traffic state evolution under emergency conditions is explored. Combined with real-time traffic flow data, the parameters of the logistic model are calibrated, and a logistic velocity-density model is constructed using a goodness-of-fit test and a marching method, including the free-flow velocity, turning density and heavy vehicle mixing ratio. Thus, the problem that existing models lack applicability to road traffic characteristics in China is solved. Travel time delay is associated with the impact range of an emergency, and it is an effective index for evaluating the severity of emergency incidents. Thus, the travel time delays under different scenarios, different numbers of blocked lanes and different orthogonal combinations of approximate saturation conditions are explored, and the impacts of lane blockage on emergency incidents and travel time delays are obtained. The conclusions show that the presented logistic velocity-density model constructed based on discrete traffic flow characteristics can properly quantify the impact of the presence of heavy vehicles. Additionally, the results can provide theoretical support for handling emergencies and emergency rescues.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2022, 63, 3; 7--21
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of the influence on expressway safety of ramps
    Autorzy:
    Hu, J. J.
    Li, F.
    Han, B.
    Yao, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224137.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    expressway safety
    safety
    on and off ramp
    delay
    accidents occurrence probability
    droga ekspresowa
    bezpieczeństwo na drodze ekspresowej
    rampa włączania i wyłączania
    opóźnienie
    prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia awarii
    Opis:
    As the very important parts of the expressway system, on and off ramps have a great effect on the operation effect of expressways. Once congestion occurs at on and off ramps, it will directly affect the safety of the expressway and vehicles. So this paper first analyzes the location design of on ramps, the length and the influences on the expressway running state of off ramp downstream traffic state, and establishes the expressway operation models based at on and off ramps. The expressway operation models include off ramp delay model, on ramp delay model, expressway delay model and side road delay model under the influence of the distance between on and off ramp and traffic volume. At the same time, the paper analyzes the connection between the traffic operation state and traffic safety, and establishes the expressway safety model based on congestion degree. Through simulation verification, the impact of on and off ramp on the security of the expressway is analyzed. In the simulation, safety rank division is simulated to verify and safety index of different safety ranks. Finally the paper concludes that the delay caused by traffic of the on and off ramps can decrease the safety of expressway.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2017, 43, 3; 43-51
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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