Temat: Ruch - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Assessment of drivers reaction times in diverisified research environments
Ocena czasów reakcji kierowcy w róznych środowiskach badawczych
Autorzy:: Guzek, M.
Lozia, Z.
Zdanowicz, P.
Jurecki, R. S.
Stańczyk, T. L.
Pieniążek, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224175.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: analiza wypadków
czas reakcji
ruch drogowy
Opis:: Reaction time is one of the basic parameters that characterize the driver and very important in the analysis of accident situations in road traffic. This paper describes research studies on the reaction time evaluation as conducted in three environments: on a typical device used in the transport psychology labs (the so-called reflexometer), in the driving simulator (autoPW) and on the driving test track (the Kielce Test Track). In all environments, the tests were performed for the same group of drivers. The article presents the characteristics of research in each environment as well as shows and compares exemplary results.
Czas reakcji jest jednym z podstawowych parametrów charakteryzujących kierowcę, bardzo istotnym w analizach sytuacji wypadkowych w ruchu drogowym. W pracy opisano badania dotyczące oceny czasu reakcji, przeprowadzone w trzech środowiskach: na typowym urządzeniu stosowanym w pracowniach psychologii transportu (tzw. refleksometrze), w symulatorze jazdy samochodem (autoPW) oraz na torze samochodowym (Tor Kielce). We wszystkich środowiskach testy przeprowadzono dla tej samej grupy kierowców. W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę badań w każdym środowisku oraz pokazano i porównano przykładowe wyniki.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2012, 24, 2; 149-164
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Philosophical Considerations on Vision Zero
Filozoficzne rozważania na temat Wizji Zero
Autorzy:: Bany, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223496.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: traffic
security strategy
Vision Zero
ruch drogowy
strategia bezpieczeństwa
Wizja Zero
Opis:: Vision Zero is a radical traffic safety policy adopted by Swedish Parliament in 1997 and afterwards – in more or less complete manner – in many other countries in the world. From the very beginning it has attracted considerable interest but has given rise to some essential controversies as well. Claes Tingvall, who is the originator and promoter of Vision Zero, consistently describes it as a kind of philosophy, emphasizing the significance of the ethical imperatives it is founded on. The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of the main philosophical assumptions of Vision Zero, including these that have not been explicitly uttered but they are presupposed by their propagators. In this text the most important doubts and objections raised by the people skeptical about the above-mentioned Vision have been taken into account.
Wizja Zero to radykalna strategia bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego przyjęta przez szwedzki parlament w roku 1997, a następnie – w mniejszym lub większy stopniu – zaadaptowana w wielu innych krajach Zachodu. Od momentu jej zaprezentowania wzbudza ona duże zainteresowanie, stanowiąc dla jednych źródło inspiracji, a dla innych - przedmiot krytyki. Claes Tingvall, będący twórcą i propagatorem tej strategii, konsekwentnie określa ją mianem filozofii, kładąc szczególny nacisk na znaczenie etycznych imperatywów, na których się ona opiera. Celem artykułu jest przeprowadzenie krytycznej analizy głównych filozoficznych przesłanek Wizji Zero – także tych, które nie zostały wyraźnie wyartykułowane, lecz ewidentnie zostały milcząco przyjęte przez jej rzeczników i entuzjastów. W tekście uwzględnione zostały najpoważniejsze wątpliwości i zarzuty wyrażane przez osoby nastawione sceptycznie wobec rzeczonej Wizji.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2013, 25-26, 1-2; 5-15
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Neural model of the aircraft landing phase
Neuronowy model fazy lądowania samolotu
Autorzy:: Stelmach, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224181.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: ruch lotniczy
ocena przebiegu lotu
fazy lotu
badania symulacyjne
air traffic
flight phase
Opis:: The article deals with mathematical modeling of the aircraft landing phase using artificial neural networks. The network was determined based on the data recorded by an aircraft's quick access recorder. Networks were developed for each flight under review, which resulted from the different durations of this flight phase. It presents the accuracy results of representation across a flight simulation network. It was analyzed how the structure of the neural network affects the quantitative and qualitative accuracy of the actual flight representation. The determined networks will provide a basis for working out a model, among others, for simulation tests of air traffic and flight evaluation. General conclusions about neural networks and basic ones regarding their practical use were formulated.
W artykule przedstawiono modelowanie matematyczne fazy lądowania samolotu z zastosowaniem sztucznych sieci neuronowych. Wyznaczenia sieci dokonano w oparciu o dane zarejestrowane przez pokładowy rejestrator eksploatacyjny samolotu. Opracowano sieci dla każdego z rozpatrywanych lotów, co wynika z różnego czasu trwania tej fazy lotu. Zamieszczono wyniki dokładności odwzorowania przez sieć przebiegu lotu. Przeanalizowano wpływ struktury sieci neuronowej na ilościową i jakościową dokładność odwzorowania rzeczywistego lotu. Wyznaczone sieci będą stanowiły podstawę opracowania modelu do m.in. badań symulacyjnych ruchu lotniczego i oceny przebiegu lotu. Opracowano wnioski ogólne, dotyczące sieci neuronowych oraz zasadnicze - odnoszące się do problematyki ich praktycznego wykorzystania.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2012, 24, 2; 249-258
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Input data selection for road traffic control systems
Selekcja danych wejściowych dla systemów sterowania ruchem drogowym
Autorzy:: Płaczek, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224183.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: ruch drogowy
sterowanie ruchem drogowym
systemy monitorowania
transmisja danych
road traffic
control systems
Opis:: Emerging technologies in road traffic monitoring deliver communication solutions for wireless data transfers from mobile sensors. The availability of mobile sensors creates a huge opportunity to extend the road-side detection infrastructure of existing traffic control systems. The efficient use of the wireless communication medium is one of the basic issues in traffic monitoring systems development. In this paper a new method is proposed for input data selection in traffic control systems. The basic idea behind the input data selection is to recognise the necessity of data transfers through the uncertainty analysis of the traffic control decisions. The introduced algorithm selects time instances of input data that are transmitted from the traffic monitoring system to the control unit. The rejected measurement data are replaced by information granules produced by an on-line traffic simulation. If precision of the information granules decreases and the control decisions become uncertain then the current data readings have to be transferred. This principle enables a considerable reduction of the data volumes that have to be transmitted from traffic monitoring system. Processing of the measurement data is based on information granulation within fuzzy cellular traffic model. This technique allows the incomplete traffic information to be used for performance evaluation of control strategies and for uncertainty estimation of control decisions. Simulation experiments were performed to investigate the usefulness of this method for traffic control at signalised intersection.
Bezprzewodowe technologie komunikacyjne umożliwiają zastosowanie czujników mobilnych w systemach monitorowania ruchu drogowego. Dostępność tego typu czujników w znaczący sposób rozszerza możliwości pozyskiwania danych dla sterowania ruchem drogowym. Wykorzystanie bezprzewodowych systemów monitorowania ruchu dla celów sterowania wymaga odpowiednich metod optymalizacji transmisji danych. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono metodę selekcji danych wejściowych dla systemów sterowania ruchem drogowym, która pozwala zmniejszyć rozmiar przesyłanych zbiorów danych. Zgodnie z zaproponowaną metodą, konieczność pobrania danych pomiarowych jest określana w kolejnych interwałach czasu na podstawie oceny niepewności decyzji sterujących. Dane pomiarowe są rejestrowane i przekazywane z systemu monitorowania ruchu do modułu sterowania tylko w wybranych krokach czasowych. Przetwarzanie danych pomiarowych polega na granulacji informacji z wykorzystaniem modelu ruchu. Dzięki zastosowaniu rozmytego modelu komórkowego niepełna informacja o stanie ruchu może zostać wykorzystana do oceny efektywności sterowania oraz do oszacowania niepewności decyzji sterujących. Jeżeli precyzja zgromadzonej informacji jest zbyt niska, wówczas nie jest możliwy jednoznaczny wybór optymalnego wariantu sterowania. Aby obniżyć niepewność decyzji sterującej i uzyskać wymaganą dokładność oceny efektywności sterowania, potrzebne są aktualne dane pomiarowe. Zaproponowana metoda może być stosowana m. in. w systemach sygnalizacji świetlnej, systemach sterowania ruchem za pomocą znaków zmiennej treści oraz systemach nawigacji drogowej. Skuteczność metody została wykazana na podstawie wyników badań symulacyjnych dla przykładowego systemu sterowania sygnalizacją świetlną na skrzyżowaniu.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2012, 24, 2; 225-247
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Information systems as a tool for supporting the management of aircraft flight safety
Autorzy:: Zieja, M.
Smoliński, H.
Gołda, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224144.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: air traffic
safety
statistical analysis
forecast
ruch lotniczy
bezpieczeństwo ruchu lotniczego
analiza statystyczna
prognoza
Opis:: The article discusses the issue of air traffic safety in the context of aircraft combat readiness. Implemented methodological approaches to ensure security of civil and military aviation depend on the achieved level of safety The article points out selected aspects of data analysis in the field of flight safety gathered in IT systems functioning in civil and military aviation supporting the management of flight safety. Selected aspects of data analysis with different tools influencing the safety of flights are presented. The article also points to the role of the inspection functions and supervision at the stage of execution of normative acts on safety and conduct of flights and the implementation of projects to ensure flight safety. The development of projects firstly preventing air accidents is mentioned as an important action to support flight safety. Increasing level of flight safety in civil and military aviation requires searching for methods to support decisions and actions. The main aim is to develop such methods to support decisions which minimize the risk of errors.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2015, 36, 4; 67-76
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Evaluation of air traffic in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic
Autorzy:: Borucka, Anna
Parczewski, Rafał
Kozłowski, Edward
Świderski, Andrzej
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176134.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2022
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: air traffic
Covid-19 pandemic
passenger transport
ruch lotniczy
Covid-19 pandemia
transport pasażerski
Opis:: The Covid-19 pandemic unexpectedly shook the entire global economy, causing it to destabilize over a long period of time. One of the sectors that was particularly hit hard was air traffic, and the changes that have taken place in it have been unmatched by any other crisis in history. The purpose of this article was to identify the time series describing the number of airline flights in Poland in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. The article first presents selected statistics and indicators showing the situation of the global and domestic aviation market during the pandemic. Then, based on the data on the number of flights in Poland, the identification of the time series describing the number of flights by airlines was made. The discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) was used to determine the trend, while for periodicity verification, first statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman test) and then spectral analysis were used. The confirmation of the existence of weekly seasonality allowed for the identification of the studied series as the sum of the previously determined trend and the seasonal component, as the mean value from the observations on a given day of the week. The proposed model was compared with the 7-order moving average model, as one of the most popular in the literature. As the obtained results showed, the model developed by the authors was better at identifying the studied series than the moving average. The errors were significantly lower, which made the presented solution more effective. This confirmed the validity of using wavelet analysis in the case of irregular behaviour of time series, and also showed that both spectral analysis and statistical tests (Kruskal-Walis and Fridman) proved successful in identifying the seasonal factor in the time series. The method used allowed for a satisfactory identification of the model for empirical data, however, it should be emphasized that the aviation services market is influenced by many variables and the forecasts and scenarios created should be updated and modified on an ongoing basis.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2022, 64, 4; 45--57
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Estimating saturation flow under weak discipline traffic conditions, case study: Iran
Autorzy:: Dehghani-Zadeh, M.
Tafti, M. F.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224187.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2018
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: saturation flow rate
signalized intersections
heterogeneous traffic
weak discipline traffic
natężenie przepływu
skrzyżowanie sygnalizowane
ruch heterogeniczny
Opis:: Intersections, as the critical elements and the major bottleneck points of urban street networks, may have inconsistent performances in different countries. This is largely due to the fact that the factors affecting their performance e.g. driving behavior, vehicle characteristics, control methods, and environmental conditions may vary from one country to another. It is, therefore required to take into account these factors when developing or applying available models and methodologies for their capacity analysis or signal control setting. This is particularly important for the countries with heterogeneous and weak discipline traffic streams such as Iran. Meanwhile, estimating the saturation flow rate, which is a key parameter in capacity and delay analysis and in optimal timing of traffic signals, is of great importance. In this study, the possibility of identifying and or developing appropriate models for estimating the saturation flow rate at the signalized intersections in these situations has been explored. For this purpose, a case study performed at the signalized intersections located in the city of Yazd, a medium sized city located in the middle of Iran. Using the data obtained from several intersections together with the application of analytical procedures proposed by American, Australian, Canadian, Indonesian, Iranian and Malaysian highway capacity guides, the saturation flow rate was estimated from both field observations and analytical methods. A comparison of these results indicated that in the protected left-turn situations, the Australian guide produced the best comparable results with the field data. On the other hand, in the permitted left-turn situations, the method proposed in the American Highway Capacity Manual guide produced the best comparable results with the field data. Furthermore, three new models were developed for estimating the saturation flow rate in three different situations namely, unopposed mixed straight and turning traffic movements, opposed mixed straight and turning traffic movements and merely straight through movement. The effective width, traffic composition, and opposite oncoming through traffic flow were considered as the effective parameters in the proposed models. Moreover, using the multivariate regression analysis, the Passenger Car Equivalent coefficients for motorcycles and heavy vehicles were calculated as 0.51 and 2.09, respectively.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2018, 46, 2; 47-60
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Transmission system model in the track-vehicle relationship based on Long Term Evolution technology
Autorzy:: Chrzan, Marcin
Pirosz, Paweł
Paś, Jacek
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311803.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2023
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:: rail traffic
track vehicle
safety
telecommunications
transport
control
operation
ruch kolejowy
pojazd szynowy
bezpieczeństwo
telekomunikacja
kontrola
operacja
Opis:: Because of degradations of the wired infrastructure connecting the element of railroad control systems, and related primarily to their destruction, the use of the radio transmission medium for independent management of railroad traffic control devices is increasingly being considered. An undoubted problem in implying such solutions is the security of transmission in such systems. It should be noted that security at a certain level of transmission is currently already offered by the radio transmission systems themselves, which has also been used in the GSM-R standard. The creation of a separate dedicated system for railroads involves huge expenditures for the design, testing, certification and, finally, construction and implementation of such technology. Therefore, in the opinion of the author of this dissertation, it is possible to use public open radio networks for the needs of railroads, which significantly reduces costs, since such a system is based on existing infrastructure. It is necessary to develop a way of transmitting information that meets the requirements of secure transmission in the sense of railroad traffic control systems. The task is to develop a general model for open radio transmission in traffic control systems based on the latest public radio standard, which is LTE, 5G or Future Railway Mobile Communications System (FRMCS). The article will present the concept of data transmission in the track–vehicle relationship with the use of LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology. It will show the concept of transmission based on the PN EN50159:2011 standard and the results of the tests conducted during control trips on the railway route. The main element that will be subject to the research will include the transmission safety and its delay. The impact of a type of transmission encryption on its delay will be estimated with the assumed blocks of data sent during the transmission. A probability distribution and density functions of the transmission delay probability distribution with the message sizes in the range from 16B to 10 kB with four ways of the signal encoding according to the PN-EN50159:2011 standard will be also analysed.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2023, 66, 2; 89--108
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Recommendations for the selection of parameters for shunting locomotives
Autorzy:: Kuznetsov, Valeriy
Lyubarskyi, Borys
Kardas-Cinal, Ewa
Yeritsyan, Bagish
Riabov, Ievgen
Rubanik, Ivan
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1833629.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: shunting locomotive
traction force
shunting movement
selection of parameters
lokomotywa manewrowa
siła uciągu
ruch manewrowy
dobór parametrów
Opis:: Shunting is an integral part of the partial process. In 1520 mm gauge countries, shunting operations are performed by outdated locomotives, which are being replaced by modern models; the technical parameters best match the conditions of the shunting work performed. The article analyzes recommendations for the selection of parameters of shunting locomotives and the actual indicators of their work. On the basis of this analysis, a requirement was made on the necessity of compulsory consideration of the operating conditions of the locomotive when determining its technical characteristics. As the main technical parameters of shunting locomotives, the tractive power and starting tractive force are taken and their influence on the duration of an elementary shunting movement of the "acceleration-deceleration" type is investigated. This approach advises the regulatory documentation for the organization of shunting work. The developed mathematical model allows to carry out research on the influence of tractive power and starting tractive force on the time of acceleration and deceleration. Calculations of the time of the train's acceleration are carried out with varying their mass and the slope of the track at different values of the tractive power starting tractive force. The calculations were carried out for the mass of compositions 1000...5000 Mg for the profile slopes equal to 0 and 1.5 ‰. The speed of the finish of acceleration was taken equal to 15 and 25 km/h. The thrust starting tractive force varied in the range of 150...300 kN, the tractive power - 200 ... 1100 kW. According to the results of calculations, it was found that the reduction in the duration of the elementary shunting movement is more significantly affected by the power of the locomotive than by the starting traction force. The “saturation” effect was noted, in which a significant increase in power or traction force during starting does not cause a significant reduction in the acceleration time. In this regard, for shunting locomotives with AC traction drive, it is recommended to take a pulling force of an equal continuous traction force.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2020, 56, 4; 119-133
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Geometric factors influencing entry capacity of roundabouts under heterogeneous traffic conditions
Autorzy:: Zacharia, Arun Baby
Madhavan, Harikrishna
Anjaneyulu, M. V. L. R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224085.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: roundabout
entry capacity
geometry
heterogeneous traffic
traffic conditions
regression
rondo
najazd
geometria ronda
ruch heterogeniczny
warunki drogowe
Opis:: Roundabout entry capacity is influenced by geometric features of the roundabout, traffic flow characteristics, vehicle are checked. In comparison with the existing empirical models such as the LR942 regression model and German empirical model, the proposed regression model produced better estimates and much lower RMSE values. Approach width is found to have the highest impact on entry capacity. The entry capacity is found to be negatively influenced by entry angle. Circulating flow is considered in terms of per metre width against the usual convention. This modification incorporates the effect of circulatory roadway width also into consideration. The circulatory roadway width has a diverse effect on entry capacity at different levels of circulating flow. Modification of inscribed circle diameter and circulatory roadway width is suggested as a potential solution for improving entry capacity. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to quantify the effect of variation of entry angle, circulatory roadway width, inscribed circle diameter and approach width on entry capacity based on the non-linear model. The sensitivity plots can be used to make subtle geometric modifications to improve capacity at congested roundabouts.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2019, 49, 1; 87-101
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Real road network application of a new microsimulation tool: TRITONE
Zastosowanie dla prawdziwej sieci dróg nowego narzędzia mikrosymulacji: TRITONE
Autorzy:: Giofre, V. P.
Maciejewski, M.
Merkisz-Guranowska, A.
Piątkowski, B.
Astarita, V.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952928.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: traffic
model of traffic flows
road traffic simulator
TRITONE
ruch drogowy
model przepływu ruchu
symulator ruchu drogowego
Opis:: The aim of the paper is to carry out a comparative study of 13 different traffic flow models available in TRITONE, a new road traffic simulator that specializes particularly in quantitative road safety assessment. After a short introduction on a traffic flow modelling, a description of the TRITONE functionality is given and various types of behavioural models available in this tool are presented in brief. Then a part of Poznan (Poland) network that served as the study area, was illustrated. The following section lists all the models used in the research and provides a comparison of the results obtained with these models. The article ends with conclusions on the results’ quality of individual models.
Celem pracy jest przeprowadzenie analizy porównawczej 13 różnych modeli przepływu ruchu dostępnych w TRITONE, nowym symulatorze ruchu drogowego, który specjalizuje się w szczególności w ilościowej ocenie bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego. Po krótkim wprowadzeniu na temat modelowania przepływu ruchu, podano opis funkcjonalności TRITONEi w skrócie różne typy modeli behawioralnych dostępnych w tym narzędziu. Następnie została zilustrowana część sieci Poznania, która służyła, jako obszar badań. Poniższy rozdział zawiera listę wszystkich modeli stosowanych w badaniach i przedstawia porównanie wyników uzyskanych z tych modeli. Artykuł kończy się wnioskami odnośnie, jakości wyników poszczególnych modeli.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2013, 27-28, 3-4; 111-121
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Working time of a Polish professional driver
Autorzy:: Przystupa, Krzysztof
Gil, Leszek
Niewczas, Andrzej
Pieniak, Daniel
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223591.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: transportation
drivers' working time
road traffic safety
safety
transport
czas pracy kierowców
bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
ruch drogowy
Opis:: According to the Central Statistical Office in Poland, for the last 10 years (2009 - 2018), the number of trucks has increased by as much as 25%. More than 6 million trucks drive in the European Union, and Poland, followed by Italy, boasts of the largest fleet (over one million trucks) . For some time, freight transportation companies have been signaling the problem of lack of staff. The Polish Road Transport Inspectorate and the National Labor Inspectorate supervise the transportation sector. All issues related to drivers’ working time are law-regulated. The main objective of introducing regulations on drivers’ working time is to improve road safety and drivers’ working conditions. The top-down imposition of break and rest periods prevents drivers’ fatigue and serves to regenerate forces. Fatigue reduces psychomotor skills, and the speed of reaction is particularly important in this profession. The practical goal of this article is to show how drivers perceive these problems, this scientific problem but in a different approach was also presented in the works. The analyzed results come from research conducted by the authors of the article. The research was conducted in the form of a multidirectional survey, 100 people (professional trucks drivers) answered each question. Each of them declared that they are a driver and work in Poland. The study was conducted in December 2018.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2019, 52, 4; 57-66
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Assessment of impact of vehicle traffic conditions: urban, rural and highway, on the results of pollutant emissions inventory
Autorzy:: Bebkiewicz, Katarzyna
Chłopek, Zdzisław
Sar, Hubert
Szczepański, Krystian
Zimakowska-Laskowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2067401.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2021
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: vehicle traffic
traffic conditions
pollutant emission inventory
pollutant emissions modelling
ruch pojazdów
warunki ruchu
inwentaryzacja emisji zanieczyszczeń
modelowanie emisji zanieczyszczeń
Opis:: The use of motor vehicles varies considerably under distinct traffic conditions: in cities, outside cities as well as on motor-ways and expressways. The impact of road traffic on the natural environment has been studied for many years, including in terms of the nature of the operation of motor vehicles. This problem is particularly important in highly urbanized areas, where traffic congestion is the source of increased emissions of harmful compounds contained in exhaust gases. For this reason, many cities have traffic restrictions, especially for those cars that do not meet the most stringent emission standards. Environmental protection is the driving force behind the development of modern combustion engine supply systems, which allow for proper control of the combustion of petroleum-derived fuels. The exhaust gas cleaning systems in the form of catalytic converters or particulate matter filters are also playing a very important role. Considerable differences in internal combustion engine operating states, both static and dynamic, result in important differences in pollutant emissions. Likewise, the national annual pollutant emission is affected by the share of distances travelled by vehicles under various traffic conditions. At the same time, it is very difficult to estimate exhaust emissions from road transport sources. Very interesting method of emission estimation is the application of the data included in the emission inventory which are a valuable source of information on exhaust emissions under various operating conditions. In the present study, the annual pollutant emissions were analyzed: at a national level (total pollutant emission) and in distinct traffic conditions. There were found large differences between individual pollutants’ shares in the emissions from vehicles under the tested traffic conditions. This is particularly evident for nitrogen oxides with the highest emission share outside cities, as opposed to other substances with the highest emission shares in cities, where traffic congestion is taking place.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2021, 60, 4; 57--69
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Modelling vehicular behaviour using trajectory data under non-lane based heterogeneous traffic conditions
Autorzy:: Gaddam, Hari Krishna
Rao, Ramachandra K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224361.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: non-lane discipline
heterogeneous traffic
vehicle trajectories
lateral separation distance
frictional clearance
ruch heterogeniczny
trajektorie pojazdów
odległość boczna
tarcie
Opis:: The present study aims to understand the interaction between different vehicle classes using various vehicle attributes and thereby obtain useful parameters for modelling traffic flow under non-lane based heterogeneous traffic conditions. To achieve this, a separate coordinate system has been developed to extract relevant data from vehicle trajectories. Statistical analysis results show that bi-modal and multi-modal distributions are accurate in representing vehicle lateral placement behaviour. These distributions help in improving the accuracy of microscopic simulation models in predicting vehicle lateral placement on carriageway. Vehicles off-centeredness behaviour with their leaders have significant impact on safe longitudinal headways which results in increasing vehicular density and capacity of roadway. Another interesting finding is that frictional clearance distance between vehicles influence their passing speed. Analysis revealed that the passing speeds of the fast moving vehicles such as cars are greatly affected by the presence of slow moving vehicles. However, slow moving vehicles does not reduce their speeds in the presence of fast moving vehicles. It is also found that gap sizes accepted by different vehicle classes are distributed according to Weibull, lognormal and 3 parameter log logistic distributions. Based on empirical observations, the study proposed a modified lateral separation distance factor and frictional resistance factor to model the non-lane heterogeneous traffic flow at macro level. It is anticipated that the outcomes of this study would help in developing a new methodology for modelling non-lane based heterogeneous traffic.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2019, 52, 4; 95-108
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: A structural decomposition analysis for traffic demand assessment on a freight transport corridor
Autorzy:: Pompigna, Andrea
Mauro, Raffaele
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1833635.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: freight traffic
input-output model
freight corridor
structural decomposition analysis
ruch towarowy
model przepływów międzygałęziowych
korytarz towarowy
analiza rozkładu strukturalnego
Opis:: This paper deals with a Structural Decomposition (SDA) applied to the analysis of the freight traffic demand in an Input Output (IO) modelling context. After reviewing the basic definitions of IO models and some methodological references for their application in the freight transport field, the paper proposes the application of the SDA in the perspective of a freight corridor. This application takes place downstream of an IO model that directly relates the quantities of goods transported along the corridor with the functioning of the reference economic system. Considering the evolution of tons annually trans-ported in a certain time interval, the SDA model allows to isolate the specific effects related to: intensity of freight traffic typical of the corridor; technological structure of the production sectors; characteristics of the final demand in relation to its overall level, sectoral structure and allocation between components. The SDA model is applied to a case study considering the total volumes of goods annually in transit at the Brenner pass between 2000 and 2014. The evaluation of the polar forms of the multiplicative decomposition and their geometric mean allow to quantify the effects of each factor on the variation of the tonnage in terms of indexed value, absolute variation and percentage contribution compared to the base year (2000). The relative influences on freight traffic at the Brenner pass are therefore highlighted, both in terms of total volumes transited and impacts attributable to each of the decomposition factors introduced, with particular evidence also in the event of periods of economic and financial crisis. The SDA specified in the paper and the related case study provide useful elements for studying the traffic demand of goods through a freight corridor, helping in outlining the effects of the different driving forces related to the economic system and affecting freight transport demand trends.
Źródło:: Archives of Transport; 2020, 56, 4; 19-31
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:: Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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