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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Determining steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions
    Autorzy:
    Laskowski, Rafał
    Smyk, Adam
    Ruciński, Adam
    Szymczyk, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954999.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    thermal power plant
    steam condenser
    condenser model
    steam condensation
    pressure
    reference parameters
    steam condenser effectiveness
    Opis:
    The paper presents formulas which can be used to determine steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions. The mathematical model provided in the paper makes it possible to calculate the performance of the condenser in terms of condensing steam pressure, cooling water temperature at the condenser outlet, and condenser effectiveness under variable load conditions as a function of three input properties: the temperature and the mass flow rate of cooling water at the condenser inlet and the mass flow rate of steam. The mathematical model takes into account values of properties occurring in reference conditions but it contains no constant coefficients which would have to be established based on data from technical specifications of a condenser or measurement data. Since there are no such constant coefficients, the model of the steam condenser proposed in the paper is universally applicable. The proposed equations were checked against warranty measurements made in the condenser and measurement data gathered during the operation of a 200 MW steam power unit. Based on the analysis, a conclusion may be drawn that the proposed means of determining pressure in a condenser in off-design conditions reflects the condenser performance with sufficient accuracy. This model can be used in optimization and diagnostic analyses of the performance of a power generation unit.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 45-62
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Improving flexibility characteristics of 200 MW unit
    Autorzy:
    Taler, J.
    Trojan, M.
    Taler, D.
    Dzierwa, P.
    Kaczmarski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/239919.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    thermal power unit
    flexibility increasing
    steam boiler
    rapid start-up
    elektrownia cieplna
    elastyczność
    kocioł parowy
    szybkie uruchamianie
    Opis:
    Calculations were performed of the thermal system of a power plant with installed water pressure tanks. The maximum rise in the block electric power resulting from the shut-off of low-pressure regenerative heaters is determined. At that time, the boiler is fed with hot water from water pressure tanks acting as heat accumulators. Accumulation of hot water in water tanks is also proposed in the periods of the power unit small load. In order to lower the plant electric power in the off-peak night hours, water heated in low-pressure regenerative heaters and feed water tank to the nominal temperature is directed to water pressure tanks. The water accumulated during the night is used to feed the boiler during the period of peak demand for electricity. Drops in the power block electric power were determined for different capacities of the tanks and periods when they are charged. A financial and economic profitability analysis (of costs and benefits) is made of the use of tanks for a 200 MW power unit. Operating in the automatic system of frequency and power control, the tanks may also be used to ensure a sudden increase in the electric power of the unit. The results of the performed calculations and analyses indicate that installation of water pressure tanks is well justified. The investment is profitable. Water pressure tanks may not only be used to reduce the power unit power during the off-peak night hours and raise it in the periods of peak demand, but also to increase the power capacity fast at any time. They may also be used to fill the boiler evaporator with hot water during the power unit start-up from the cold state.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2017, 38, 1; 75-90
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermal efficiency and hydraulic performance evaluation on Ag–Al2O3 and SiC–Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid for circular jet impingement
    Autorzy:
    Datta, Abanti
    Halder, Pabitra
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845498.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    hybrid nanofluid
    thermal performance factor
    pumping power
    merit number
    Opis:
    Hybrid nanofluids is obtained by dispersing more than one nanoparticle into a base fluid. The work is concerned with a detailed numerical investigation of the thermal efficiency and hydraulic performance of hybrid nanofluids for circular jet impinges on a round plate. For this paper, a metal (Ag), a metal oxides (Al2O3) and a metal carbides (SiC) nanoparticle and their water based hybrid nanofluids are considered to analyse numerically with varying significant dimensionless parameters, i.e., the jet-to-plate spacing ratio, Reynolds number and volume fraction of nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that the efficiency of heat transfer of all nanofluids is increased by the addition of nanoparticle to the dispersed in water at constant Reynolds number. Moreover, the results illustrate that heat transfer efficacy and pumping power penalty both increased as jet-to-plate spacing ratio reduced. The jet-to-plate spacing ratio equal to 4 is the best as the percentage enhance heat transfer is maximum in this situation. Since both the heat transfer effect and pumping penalty increase using hybrid nanofluids, thermal performance factor increases or decreases depends on nanoparticles of nanofluids. It is evident that the analysis of these hybrid nanofluids will consider both the increase in heat efficiency and the pumping capacity. The best flow behaviour is achieved for SiC–Al2O3 hybrid nanofluids. New merit number is introduced for additional clarification.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 1; 163-182
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A qualitative study of mixing a fluid inside a mechanical mixer with the effect of thermal buoyancy
    Autorzy:
    Hassouni, Souad
    Laidoudi, Houssem
    Makinde, Oluwole Daniel
    Bouzit, Mohamed
    Boumediene, Haddou
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204073.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    mechanical agitation
    mixing process
    heat transfer
    thermal buoyancy
    power number
    Opis:
    This paper is concerned with the rotational motion of the impeller and the thermal buoyancy within a mechanical mixer. The task was investigated numerically using the ANSYS-CFX simulator. The programmer is based on the finite volume method to solve the differential equations of fluid motion and heat transfer. The impeller has hot surfaces while the vessel has cold walls. The rotational movement of the impeller was controlled by the Reynolds number, while the intensity of the thermal buoyancy effect was controlled by the Richardson number. The equations were solved for a steady flow. After analyzing the results of this research, we were able to conclude that there is no effect of the values of Richardson number on the power number. Also, with the presence of the thermal buoyancy effect, the quality of the fluid mixing becomes more important. The increasing Richardson number increases the value of the Nusselt number of the impeller.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2023, 44, 1; 105--119
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical method for determining the allowable medium temperature during transient operation of a thick-walled boiler element in power plant
    Autorzy:
    Rząsa, D.
    Duda, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240222.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    elektrownia
    naprężenie cieplne
    optymalizacja
    wymiana ciepła
    heat transfer
    optimization
    power plant
    thermal stresses
    Opis:
    Secure and cost-effective power generation has become very important nowdays. Care must be taken while designing and operating modern steam power plants. There are regulations such as German boiler regulations (Technische Regeln fur Dampfkessel 301) or European Standards that guide the user how to operate the steam power plants. However, those regulations are based on the quasi-steady state assumption and one dimensional temperature distribution in the entire element. This simplifications may not guarantee that the heating and cooling operations are conducted in the most efficient way. Thus, it was important to find an improved method that can allow to establish optimum parameters for heating and cooling operations. The optimum parameters should guarantee that the maximum total stresses in the construction element are in the allowable limits and the entire process is conducted in the shortest time. This paper summarizes mathematical descriptions how to optimize shut down process of power block devices. The optimization formulation is based on the assumption that the maximum total stresses in the whole construction element should be kept within allowable limits during cooling operation. Additionally, the operation should be processed in the shortest time possible.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 4; 91-99
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermodynamic analysis and analytical simulation of the Rallis modified Stirling cycle
    Autorzy:
    Ranjan, Ravi Kant
    Verma, Suresh Kant
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240284.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    rallis modified Stirling cycle engine
    nonisothermal characteristics
    power output
    thermal efficiency
    charakterystyki nieizotermiczne
    moc użyteczna
    sprawność cieplna
    Opis:
    A Stirling cycle was developed by Rallis considering the adiabatic behaviour instead of isothermal behaviour of working fluid inside the expansion/compression volume, since the isothermal processes are very difficult to be realised in actual practice due to irreversibilities. In order to increase the performance of Rallis Stirling cycle engine, two modified versions of Rallis Stirling cycle engine model have been proposed and developed, called as Rallis modified Stirling cycle engine (RMSE). In this paper, the thermodynamic analysis of the developed models have been carried out and the simulated results are compared with the Rallis ideal model of Stirling cycle engine, as this model describes more accurately the thermodynamic cycle of practical Stirling machines. The results reveal the fact that the thermal efficiency of RMSE I model is enhanced by 38.06% and that of RMSE II model by 48.42%, whereas the power output is increased by 58.05% and 78.19% in case of RMSE I and RMSE II model respectively, when compared with the Rallis ideal adiabatic model of Stirling engine.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2019, 40, 2; 35-67
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative analysis of optimisation methods applied to thermal cycle of a coal fired power plant
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Ł.
    Elsner, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240829.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    thermodynamic optimisation
    Nelder-Mead method
    thermal cycle
    coal fired power plant
    IPSEpro
    optymalizacja termodynamiczna
    metoda Neldera-Meada
    cykl termiczny
    elektrownia węglowa
    Opis:
    The paper presents a thermodynamic optimization of 900 MW power unit for ultra-supercritical parameters, modified according to AD700 concept. The aim of the study was to verify two optimisation methods, i.e., the finding the minimum of a constrained nonlinear multivariable function (fmincon) and the Nelder-Mead method with their own constrain functions. The analysis was carried out using IPSEpro software combined with MAT-LAB, where gross power generation efficiency was chosen as the objective function. In comparison with the Nelder-Mead method it was shown that using fmincon function gives reasonable results and a significant reduction of computational time. Unfortunately, with the increased number of decision parameters, the benefit measured by the increase in efficiency is becoming smaller. An important drawback of fmincon method is also a lack of repeatability by using different starting points. The obtained results led to the conclusion, that the Nelder-Mead method is a better tool for optimisation of thermal cycles with a high degree of complexity like the coal-fired power unit.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 4; 175-186
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The analysis of parameters of the cryogenic oxygen unit cooperating with power plant to realize oxy-fuel combustion
    Autorzy:
    Hnydiuk-Stefan, A.
    Składzień, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240365.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    coal power unit with oxyfuel combustion
    two-column cryogenic oxygen unit
    mathematical modelling of thermal systems
    spalanie tlenowe
    modelowanie matematyczne
    system termiczny
    Opis:
    The paper examines from the thermodynamic point of view operation of coal fired power unit cooperating with the cryogenic oxygen unit, with a particular emphasis on the characteristic performance parameters of the oxygen unit. The relatively high purity technical oxygen produced in the oxygen unit is then used as the oxidant in the fluidized bed boiler of the modern coal fired power unit with electric power output of approximately 460 MW. The analyzed oxygen unit has a classical two-column structure with an expansion turbine (turboexpander), which allows the use of relatively low pressure initially compressed air. Multivariant calculations were performed, the main result being the loss of power and efficiency of the unit due to the need to ensure adequate driving power to the compressor system of the oxygen generating plant.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2015, 36, 1; 39-54
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimal coefficient of the share of cogeneration in the district heating system cooperating with thermal storage
    Autorzy:
    Ziębik, A.
    Gładysz, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240214.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    elektrociepłownia
    kogeneracja
    sieć ciepłownicza
    współczynnik udziału kogeneracji
    zasobnik ciepła
    coefficient of the share of cogeneration
    cogeneration
    combined heat and power plant
    district heating system
    thermal storage
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of optimizing the coefficient of the share of cogeneration expressed by an empirical formula dedicated to designers, which will allow to determine the optimal value of the share of cogeneration in contemporary cogeneration systems with the thermal storages feeding the district heating systems. This formula bases on the algorithm of the choice of the optimal coefficient of the share of cogeneration in district heating systems with the thermal storage, taking into account additional benefits concerning the promotion of high-efficiency cogeneration and the decrease of the cost of CO2 emission thanks to cogeneration. The approach presented in this paper may be applicable both in combined heat and power (CHP) plants with back-pressure turbines and extraction-condensing turbines.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 3; 71-87
    1231-0956
    2083-6023
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Thermodynamics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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