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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 38
Tytuł:
Determining steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions
Autorzy:
Laskowski, Rafał
Smyk, Adam
Ruciński, Adam
Szymczyk, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954999.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
thermal power plant
steam condenser
condenser model
steam condensation
pressure
reference parameters
steam condenser effectiveness
Opis:
The paper presents formulas which can be used to determine steam condensation pressure in a power plant condenser in off-design conditions. The mathematical model provided in the paper makes it possible to calculate the performance of the condenser in terms of condensing steam pressure, cooling water temperature at the condenser outlet, and condenser effectiveness under variable load conditions as a function of three input properties: the temperature and the mass flow rate of cooling water at the condenser inlet and the mass flow rate of steam. The mathematical model takes into account values of properties occurring in reference conditions but it contains no constant coefficients which would have to be established based on data from technical specifications of a condenser or measurement data. Since there are no such constant coefficients, the model of the steam condenser proposed in the paper is universally applicable. The proposed equations were checked against warranty measurements made in the condenser and measurement data gathered during the operation of a 200 MW steam power unit. Based on the analysis, a conclusion may be drawn that the proposed means of determining pressure in a condenser in off-design conditions reflects the condenser performance with sufficient accuracy. This model can be used in optimization and diagnostic analyses of the performance of a power generation unit.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 45-62
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wet steam flow in 1100 MW turbine
Autorzy:
Jun, Gukchol
Kolovratník, Michal
Hoznedl, Michal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steam turbine
wet steam
loss
non-equilibrium condensation
CFD
Opis:
The paper deals with the wet steam flow in a steam turbine operating in a nuclear power plant. Using a pneumatic and an optical probe, the static pressure, steam velocity, steam wetness and the fine water droplets diameter spectra were measured before and beyond the last turbine low-pressure stage. The results of the experiment serve to understand better the wet steam flow and map its liquid phase in this area. The wet steam data is also used to modify the condensation model used in computational fluid dynamics simulations. The condensation model, i.e. the nucleation rate and the growth rate of the droplets, is adjusted so that results of the numerical simulations are in a good agreement with the experimental results. A 3D computational fluid dynamics simulations was performed for the lowpressure part of the turbine considering non-equilibrium steam condensation. In the post-processing of the of the numerical calculation result, the thermodynamic wetness loss was evaluated and analysed. Loss analysis was performed for the turbine outputs of 600, 800, and 1100 MW, respectively.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 63-85
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of external cooling system on the performance of supercritical steam turbine cycles
Autorzy:
Kosman, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
para nadkrytyczna
schładzanie
turbina parowa
wydajność
cooling
efficiency
steam turbine
supercritical steam
Opis:
The problem presented in this paper refers to the concepts applied to the design of supercritical steam turbines. The issue under the investigation is the presence of a cooling system. Cooling systems aim to protect the main components of the turbines against overheating. However the cooling flows mix with the main flow and modify the expansion line in the steam path. This affects the expansion process in the turbine and changes the performance when compared to the uncooled turbine. The analysis described here investigates the range of the influence of the cooling system on the turbine cycle. This influence is measured mainly through the change of the power generation efficiency. The paper explains the approach towards the assessment of the cooling effects and presents results of the modeling for three supercritical steam cycles.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2010, 31, 3; 131-144
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computational fluid dynamics analysis of 1 MW steam turbine inlet geometries
Autorzy:
Koprowski, Arkadusz
Rzadkowski, Romuald
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845499.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CFD analysis
steam turbine
inlet
Opis:
This paper analyses the influence of three different ring-type inlet duct geometries on the performance of a small 1 MW backpressure steam turbine. It examines the efficiency and pressure drop of seven turbine variants, including four spiral inlet geometries and three stages with a mass flow rate around 30 t/h. A one-pipe and two-pipe inlets are analysed from aerodynamical point of view, taking into account stator and rotor blades in three stages without the outlet. An outlet is added to the best variant. Also analysed is the occurrence of vortices in the inlets of the studied variants 1–7 as well as the efficiency, drop pressure, turbine power and mass flow. Finally, the best inlet for a 1 MW steam turbine is suggested.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 1; 35-55
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simulation of control of lowpower-output steam turbines
Autorzy:
Kryłłowicz, Władysław
Karczewski, Jacek
Szuman, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091373.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steam turbine
simulation
power control
Opis:
Problems related to power control of low power-output steam turbines are analyzed. These turbines are designed to operate in distributed power generation systems. Principles of automatic control involving a single control valve are presented on the basis of experience gathered with high power-output turbines. Results of simulations of power control for a low power-output turbine are discussed. It has been proven that closing of the control system and an application of a power controller (of optimally selected parameters) improves the object dynamics (shortening of the transition period). At the same time, a lack of such optimization can results in occurrence of undesirable phenomena such as: overshoot in the generator power characteristics, elongation of the response time to disturbance or overshoot of turbine control valves.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2022, 43, 2; 3--16
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of shell shape on flow and acoustic parameters of a steam silencer
Autorzy:
Gaj, Patryk
Sobczak, Krzysztof
Kopania, Joanna
Wójciak, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
acoustics
CFD
noise emission
steam silencer
Opis:
Steam discharge produces noise due to rapid expansion and a temperature drop of ejected steam. This is why steam silencers are used to change one-stage into multi-stage expansion, which reduces the intensity of pressure and temperature drop during this process and shifts emitted noise into higher frequencies, which are easier to dampen. This paper presents a flow-acoustic numerical model of a steam silencer. It is meant to help to obtain a precise analysis of phenomena occurring in steam silencers and improve the process of designing this type of device. The model described in this paper was based on the parameters of a real working unit manufactured in the Institute of Power Engineering – Thermal Technology Branch. Most of the steam silencers are designed based on construction guidelines that have not been changed for a long time. This restrained an increase in the acoustics efficiency of the steam silencers. An improvement of their flow and acoustic properties allows for the development of smaller, more efficient, and lighter construction. The current version of the model was used for the analysis of flow and acoustic changes which occur after modifying the lower region of a shell of the steam silencer. The proposed modification allowed for a 19% increase in mass flow rate through the silencer and noise reduction in the low-frequency range.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 4; 141-154
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selection of the rotor heat-up rate for supercritical parameter turbines
Autorzy:
Rusin, A.
Lipka, M.
Łukowicz, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240710.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steam turbines
steel for ultra-supercritical steam unit
unsteady states
turbiny parowe
stal
jednostka ultra-nadkrytyczna
warunki niestabilne
Opis:
The paper presents the results of the numerical analyses for the steam turbine rotor, dedicated for the newly-designed 900 MW steam unit with supercritical steam parameters (650°C, 30.0 MPa). Basing on the design calculations, an optimal design solution was determined. Review of the available literature on materials for turbine rotors with supercritical steam parameters was done. Then the start-ups of the turbine were simulated. Thermal and strength states were analyzed. As a result, an optimal start-up characteristic was obtained.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2013, 34, 3; 89-104
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a 900 MW ultra-supercritical power unit
Autorzy:
Łukowicz, H.
Dykas, S.
Rulik, S.
Stępczyńska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240644.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
obieg pary
parametry apry
podwójne podgrzewanie
coal-fired power unit
double reheat
steam cycle
ultra-supercritical steam parameters
Opis:
The paper presents a thermal-economic analysis of different variants of a hard coal-fired 900 MW ultra-supercritical power unit. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the parameters of live and reheated steam on the basic thermodynamic and economic indices of the thermal cycle. The subject of the study was the cycle configuration proposed as the "initial thermal cycle structure" during the completion of the project "Advanced Technologies for Energy Generation" with the live and reheated steam parameters of 650/670 [degrees]C. At the same time, a new concept of a thermal cycle for ultra-supercritical parameters with live and reheated steam temperature of 700/720 [degrees]C was suggested. The analysis of the ultra-supercritical unit concerned a variant with a single and double steam reheat. All solutions presented in the paper were subject to a detailed thermodynamic analysis, as well as an economic one which also included CO2 emissions charges. The conducted economic analysis made it possible to determine the maximum value of investment expenditures at which given solutions are pro.table.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 3; 231-245
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Entropy generation in a condenser and related correlations
Autorzy:
Laskowski, R.
Jaworski, M.
Smyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steam condenser
entropy generation
kondensator pary
generowanie entropii
Opis:
The paper presents an analysis of relations describing entropy generation in a condenser of a steam unit. Connections between entropy generation, condenser ratio, and heat exchanger effectiveness, as well as relations implied by them are shown. Theoretical considerations allowed to determine limits of individual parameters which describe the condenser operation. Various relations for average temperature of the cold fluid were compared. All the proposed relations were verified against data obtained using a simulator and actual measurement data from a 200 MW unit condenser. Based on data from a simulator it was examined how the sum of entropy rates, steam condenser effectiveness, terminal temperature difference and condenser ratio vary with the change in the inlet cooling water temperature, mass flow rate of steam and the cooling water mass flow rate.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2015, 36, 2; 27-48
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Light extinction and ultrasound method in the identification of liquid mass fraction content in wet steam
Autorzy:
Majkut, Mirosław
Dykas, Sławomir
Smołka, Krystian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wet steam
light extinction
ultrasound method
mass fraction content
Opis:
Recently, significant progress has been made in experimental studies on the flow of wet steam, measuring techniques based on recording the phenomenon of extinction of light and ultrasound have been elaborated or improved. The basic value experimentally determined in the final stage was the content of the liquid phase defined as the wetness fraction. The methodology of tests and experimental investigations was presented, as well as the applied and developed measurement systems. Next, some developed designs of new ultrasonic and light extinction measuring probe and their modifications are described. The article presents also some examples of applications of the developed measurement techniques in application to experimental research conducted on wet steam. Examples of comparison between experimental and numerical tests for the extinction method are also provided.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2020, 41, 4; 63-92
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Light extinction and ultrasound method in the identification of liquid mass fraction content in wet steam
Autorzy:
Majkut, Mirosław
Dykas, Sławomir
Smołka, Krystian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1845452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wet steam
light extinction
ultrasound method
mass fraction content
Opis:
Recently, significant progress has been made in experimental studies on the flow of wet steam, measuring techniques based on recording the phenomenon of extinction of light and ultrasound have been elaborated or improved. The basic value experimentally determined in the final stage was the content of the liquid phase defined as the wetness fraction. The methodology of tests and experimental investigations was presented, as well as the applied and developed measurement systems. Next, some developed designs of new ultrasonic and light extinction measuring probe and their modifications are described. The article presents also some examples of applications of the developed measurement techniques in application to experimental research conducted on wet steam. Examples of comparison between experimental and numerical tests for the extinction method are also provided.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2020, 41, 4; 63-92
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computational fluid dynamics analysis of several designs of a Curtis wheel
Autorzy:
Koprowski, Arkadusz
Rządkowski, Romuald
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steam turbines
curtis stage
computational fluid dynamics
partial admission
Opis:
In small steam turbines, sometimes the efficiency is not as important as the cost of manufacturing the turbine. The Curtis wheel is a solution allowing to develop a low output turbine of compact size and with a low number of stages. This paper presents three fully dimensional computational fluid dynamics cases of a Curtis stage with full and partial admission. A 1 MW steam turbine with a Curtis stage have been designed. The fully admitted stage reaches a power of over 3 MW. In order to limit its output power to about 1 MW, the partial admission was applied. Five variants of the Curtis stage partial admission were analyzed. Theoretical relations were used to predict the partial admission losses which were compared with a three-dimensional simulations. An analysis of the flow and forces acting on rotor blades was also performed.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 3; 197-208
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic analysis of modular high-temperature nuclear reactor coupled with the steam cycle for power generation
Autorzy:
Dudek, Michał
Jaszczur, Marek
Kolenda, Zygmunt
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
modular high-temperature nuclear reactor HTR
rankine cycle
steam turbine
Opis:
Consumption of energy is one of the important indicators in developing countries, but a lot of companies from the energy sector have to cope with three key challenges, namely how to reduce their impact on the environment, how to ensure the low cost of the energy production and how to improve the system overall performance? For Polish energy market, the number of challenges is greater. The growing demand for electricity and contemporary development of nuclear power technology allow today’s design, implement new solutions for high energy conversion system low unit cost for energy and fuel production. In the present paper, numerical analysis of modular high-temperature nuclear reactor coupled with the steam cycle for electricity production has been presented. The analysed system consists of three independent cycles. The first two are high-temperature nuclear reactor cycles which are equipped with two high-temperature nuclear reactors, heat exchangers, blowers, steam generators. The third cycle is a Rankine cycle which is equipped with up to four steam turbines, that operate in the heat recovery system. The analysis of such a system shows that is possible to achieve significantly greater efficiency than offered by traditional nuclear reactor technology.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2019, 40, 4; 49-66
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of last stage blade of 13K215 turbine intermediate pressure module
Autorzy:
Bondyra, Radosław
Przytulski, Jan
Dominiczak, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091352.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
efficiency
strength calculation
steam turbine
last stage blade
fluid flow
calculation
Opis:
Paper is considering the purpose and the process of development of last stage blade for intermediate pressure module of 13K215 steam turbine. In the last 20–30 years most of the steam turbine manufacturers were focused on improving such a turbine mainly by upgrading low pressure module. In a result of such a modernization technology were changed from impulse to reaction. The best results of upgrading were given by developing low pressure last stage blade. With some uncertainty and based on state of art knowledge, it can be stand that improving of this part of steam turbine is close to the end. These above indicators show an element on which future research should be focused on – in the next step it should be intermediate pressure module. In the primary design the height of intermediate pressure last stage blade was 500 mm but because of change of technology this value was decreased to 400 mm. When to focus on reaction technology, the height of the last stage blade is related to output power and efficiency. Considered here is the checking the possibility of implementing blades, in a reaction technology, higher than 400 mm and potentially highest. Article shows a whole chosen methodology of topic described above. It leads through the reasons of research, limitations of 13K215 steam turbine, creation of three-dimensional models, fluid flow calculations, mechanical integrity calculations and proposed solutions of design.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2022, 43, 1; 45--62
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Validation of a program for supercritical power plant calculations
Autorzy:
Kotowicz, J.
Łukowicz, H.
Bartela, Ł.
Michalski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240731.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
blok nadkrytyczny
cykl parowy
walidacja
steam cycle
supercritical power plant
validation
Opis:
This article describes the validation of a supercritical steam cycle. The cycle model was created with the commercial program GateCycle and validated using in-house code of the Institute of Power Engineering and Turbomachinery. The Institute's in-house code has been used extensively for industrial power plants calculations with good results. In the first step of the validation process, assumptions were made about the live steam temperature and pressure, net power, characteristic quantities for high- and low-pressure regenerative heat exchangers and pressure losses in heat exchangers. These assumptions were then used to develop a steam cycle model in GateCycle and a model based on the code developed in-house at the Institute of Power Engineering and Turbomachinery. Properties, such as thermodynamic parameters at characteristic points of the steam cycle, net power values and efficiencies, heat provided to the steam cycle and heat taken from the steam cycle, were compared. The last step of the analysis was calculation of relative errors of compared values. The method used for relative error calculations is presented in the paper. The assigned relative errors are very slight, generally not exceeding 0.1%. Based on our analysis, it can be concluded that using the GateCycle software for calculations of supercritical power plants is possible.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2011, 32, 4; 81-89
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 38

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