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Tytuł:
Wpływ procesów odlewniczych na poziom stężenia pyłów respirabilnych na stanowiskach pracy w odlewni żeliwa
Autorzy:
Kowalski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381881.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
proces odlewniczy
pył respirabilny
stanowisko pracy
odlewnia żeliwa
foundry process
respirable dust
workstand
iron foundry
Opis:
Jednym z głównych zagrożeń powstających w środowisku pracy w trakcie produkcji odlewów żeliwnych są pyły przemysłowe a w szczególności pyły frakcji respirabilnej (pęcherzykowej). Pył całkowity to zbiór wszystkich cząstek otoczonych powietrzem w określonej objętości. Za frakcję respirabilną pyłu uważa się zbiór cząstek przechodzących przez selektor wstępny (metoda filtracyjno-wagowa) o średniej wartości średnicy aerodynamicznej 3.5 0.3 m z odchyleniem standardowym 1.5 0.1 m. Pyły respirabilne przyczyniają się w znaczącym stopniu do chorób płucnych a w szczególności pylicy płuc. W warunkach procesów odlewniczych cząstki pyłu respirabilnego zawierają także inne szkodliwe substancje między innymi metale i ich związki. Pomiary narażenia zawodowego na pyły na stanowiskach pracy w zakładach odlewniczych żeliwa wskazują, że szczególnie wysokie stężenia pyłów respirabilnych występują na stanowiskach pracy wybijacza odlewów, formierza, wytapiacza i wykańczacza odlewów. [...]
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1s; 113-118
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem z wadami gazowymi w odlewni żeliwa
Problem with Castings Gas Defects in Iron Foundry
Autorzy:
Kołodziej, R.
Kostrzewski, Ł.
Szajnar, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
żeliwo sferoidalne
wada gazowa
pęcherz zewnętrzny
odlewnia żeliwa
ductile cast iron
gas defect
external bladder
iron foundry
Opis:
Przedstawione w artykule zagadnienia dotykają problemu wad gazowych występujących w Odlewni Żeliwa. Obejmują one genezę nakłuć oraz pęcherzy zewnętrznych pojawiających się na odlewach z żeliwa EN-GJS-400-15. Pokazano w jaki sposób w warunkach przemysłowych odlewni dokonano analizy pochodzenia tych wad. Przedstawiono wyniki badań próbek pobranych z problematycznych odlewów oraz metody ich badań. Wskazano również w jaką niezbędną aparaturę pomiarową należy zaopatrzyć Odlewnię aby w przyszłości na etapie przygotowania procesu, można było prognozować i redukować występowanie nakłuć oraz pęcherzy zewnętrznych.
Presented paper concerns the issues of gas defects occurring during casting manufacturing in a foundry. These include the origin of pinholes and external bladders that appear on the external surface of EN-GJS-400-15 grade cast iron castings. The paper shows how, in industrial conditions, such defects are analyzed. Examinations results for samples taken from the problematic castings were shown together with applied methods description. It was also indicated, what kind of measuring equipment is necessary to predict and reduce the occurrence of gas defects in the future production.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 3 spec.; 75-78
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synergy of practical knowledge of molding sands reclamation in heavy casting foundry of iron alloys
Autorzy:
Ignaszak, Z.
Prunier, J. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
furan molding sand
dry mechanical reclamation
iron alloy foundry
heavy casting
lifetime
furan sand
thermo mechanical database
masa formierska furanowa
sucha regeneracja mechaniczna
stop żelaza
odlew ciężki
trwałość
baza danych termomechaniczna
Opis:
The paper summarizes research realized by the author in laboratory and industrial conditions (foundries of cast steel and cast iron, castings up to 50 tons) on the effects of the chemically hardened molding sands regeneration using hard/soft rubbing in the dry reclamation. A reference was simultaneously made to advisability of application of the thermal regeneration in conditions, where chromite amount in the circulating (reclaimed) molding sand goes as high as above ten percent. An advisability of connecting standard and specialized methods of examination of the reclaimed sands and molding sands made using it was pointed out. A way of application of studies with the Hot Distortion Plus® method modified by the author for validation of modeling of the thermo-dynamic phenomena in the mold was shown.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 3; 30-36
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microsegregation in nodular cast iron with carbides
Autorzy:
Pietrowski, S.
Gumienny, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
żeliwo sferoidalne
węgliki
mikrosegregacja
innovative foundry technologies
innovative foundry materials
nodular cast iron
carbides
microsegregation
Opis:
In this paper results of microsegregation in the newly developed nodular cast iron with carbides are presented. To investigate the pearlitic and bainitic cast iron with carbides obtained by Inmold method were chosen. The distribution of linear elements on the eutectic cell radius was examined. To investigate the microsegregation pearlitic and bainitic cast iron with carbides obtained by Inmold method were chosen. The linear distribution of elements on the eutectic cell radius was examined. Testing of the chemical composition of cast iron metal matrix components, including carbides were carried out. The change of graphitizing and anti-graphitizing element concentrations within eutectic cell was determined. It was found, that in cast iron containing Mo carbides crystallizing after austenite + graphite eutectic are Si enriched.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 4; 127-134
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examination of Electrical Resistance of Carburizers Used for Cast Iron Production
Autorzy:
Książek, D.
Koza, M.
Bieroński, M.
Krasa, O.
Kuś, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381730.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cast iron
foundry material
carburizer
electrical resistance
żeliwo
materiał odlewniczy
nawęglacz
opór elektryczny
Opis:
The publication presents the results of examination of selected carburizers used for cast iron production with respect to their electric resistance. Both the synthetic graphite carburizers and petroleum coke (petcoke) carburizers of various chemical composition were compared. The relationships between electrical resistance of tested carburizers and their quality were found. The graphite carburizers exhibited much better conductivity than the petcoke ones. Resistance characteristics were different for the different types of carburizers. The measurements were performed according to the authors’ own method based on recording the electric current flow through the compressed samples. The samples of the specified diameter were put under pressure of the gradually increased value (10, 20, 50, 60, and finally 70 bar), each time the corresponding value of electric resistance being measured with a gauge of high accuracy, equal to 0.1μΩ. The higher pressure values resulted in the lower values of resistance. The relation between both the thermal conductance and the electrical conductance (or the resistance) is well known and mentioned in the professional literature. The results were analysed and presented both in tabular and, additionally, in graphic form.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 65-68
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of nodular cast iron metal matrix on the wear resistance
Autorzy:
Gumienny, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
żeliwo sferoidalne
węgliki
odporność na zużycie
innovative foundry technologies
innovative foundry material
nodular cast iron
carbides
wear resistance
Opis:
The paper presents results of studies on the effect of the nodular cast iron metal matrix composition on the abrasive and adhesive wear resistance. Nodular cast iron with different metal matrix obtained in the rough state and ADI were tested. To research of abrasive and adhesive wear the pearlitic and bainitic cast iron with carbides and without this component were chosen. The influence of the carbides amount for cast iron wear resistance was examined. It was found, that the highest abrasive and adhesive wear resistance under conditions of dry friction has a nodular cast iron with carbides with upper and lower bainite. Carbides in bainitic and pearlitic cast iron significantly increase the wear resistance in these conditions. In terms of fluid friction the largest wear resistance had cast iron group with the highest hardness.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 2; 179-186
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykonywanie odlewów z żeliwa sferoidalnego w formach warstwowych z ekologicznych mas formierskich
Casting ductile iron in layer moulds made from ecological sands
Autorzy:
Rączka, M.
Gandurski, K.
Isendorf, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381617.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjny materiał odlewniczy
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
ochrona środowiska
żeliwo sferoidalne
forma dwuwarstwowa
badania odlewu
innovative foundry material
innovative foundry technology
environment protection
ductile iron
two layer mould
Opis:
Artykuł zawiera wyniki uzyskane podczas badań wykonywanych w ramach projektu celowego w odlewni Hardtop w Charsznicy. Celem badań było opracowanie technologii wykonania dobrej jakości odlewów z żeliwa sferoidalnego przy jednoczesnym zachowaniu skutecznych technik ochrony środowiska. Przedstawiono badania wykonywania odlewów o masie od 1 do 300 kg z żeliwa sferoidalnego gatunek 400-15, 500-7 z zastosowaniem form dwuwarstwowych, gdzie masę przymodelową i rdzeniową stanowi masa z alkalicznym spoiwem organicznym, a masę wypełniającą – masa ze spoiwem nieorganicznym - geopolimerowym. Zastosowano uproszczoną regenerację masy z możliwością wykorzystania odzyskanego regeneratu do masy wypełniającej. Przeprowadzono dobór metody sferoidyzacji i modyfikacji żeliwa odpowiednich dla warunków odlewni Hardtop. Wykonano serię próbną odlewów i przeprowadzono badania poprawności konstrukcji układów zalewania i zasilania z zastosowaniem otulin egzotermicznych na nadlewy. Badania potwierdziły słuszność przyjętej koncepcji wykonywania odlewów z żeliwa sferoidalnego w formach warstwowych przy zachowaniu maksymalnie 15% udziału mas ze spoiwem organicznym.
The article contains the results of tests performed under the target project in Hardtop Foundry Charsznica. The objective of the tests and studies was to develop a technology of making high-quality ductile iron castings, combined with effective means of environmental protection. The studies presented in this article related to castings weighing from 1 to 300 kg made from ductile iron of grades 400-15 and 500-7, using two-layer moulds, where the facing and core sand was the sand with an alkaline organic binder, while backing sand was the sand with an inorganic geopolymer binder. A simplified method of sand reclamation was applied with possible reuse of the reclaim as an addition to the backing sand. The cast iron spheroidising treatment and inoculation were selected taking into account the specific conditions of Hardtop Foundry. A pilot batch of castings was made, testing the gating and feeding systems and using exothermic sleeves on risers. The study confirmed the validity of the adopted concept of making ductile iron castings in layer moulds, while maintaining the content of sand with an organic binder at a level of maximum 15%.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1s; 163-168
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigations of Ferritic Nodular Cast Iron Containing About 5-6% Aluminium
Autorzy:
Soiński, M. S.
Kordas, P.
Skurka, K.
Jakubus, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
innovative foundry material
metallography
Al-alloyed cast iron
spheroidization
graphite precipitates
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
innowacyjny materiał odlewniczy
metalografia
żeliwo stopowe
sferoidyzacja
wydzielenia grafitu
Opis:
The work presents results of investigations concerning the production of cast iron containing about 5-6% aluminium, with the ferritic matrix in the as-cast state and nodular or vermicular graphite precipitates. The examined cast iron came from six melts produced under the laboratory conditions. It contained aluminium in the amount of 5.15% to 6.02% (carbon in the amount of 2.41% to 2.87%, silicon in the amount of 4.50% to 5.30%, and manganese in the amount of 0.12% to 0.14%). After its treatment with cerium mixture and graphitization with ferrosilicon (75% Si), only nodular and vermicular graphite precipitates were achieved in the examined cast iron. Moreover, it is possible to achieve the alloy of pure ferritic matrix, even after the spheroidizing treatment, when both the aluminium and the silicon occur in cast iron in amounts of about 5.2÷5.3%.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 141-146
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Computer Catalog and Semantic Search of Data in the Domain of Cast Iron Processing
Autorzy:
Rojek, G.
Regulski, K.
Wilk-Kołodziejczyk, D.
Kluska-Nawarecka, S.
Wawrzaszek, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381770.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
application of information technologies
foundry
semantic search
ontology
cast iron processing
zastosowanie technologii informacyjnych
odlewnictwo
obróbka żeliwa
Opis:
The aim of this study is to design and implement a computer system, which will allow the semantic cataloging and data retrieval in the field of cast iron processing. The intention is to let the system architecture allow for consideration of data on various processing techniques based on the information available or searched by a potential user. This is achieved by separating the system code from the knowledge of the processing operations or from the chemical composition of the material being processed. This is made possible by the creation and subsequent use of formal knowledge representation in the form of ontology. So, any use of the system is associated with the use of ontologies, either as an aid for the cataloging of new data, or as an indication of restrictions imposed on the data which draw user attention. The use of formal knowledge representation also allows consideration of semantic meaning, a consequence of which may be, for example, returning all elements in subclasses of the searched process class or material grade.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 79-84
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wear resistance of nodular cast iron with carbides
Autorzy:
Gumienny, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
innovative foundry material
nodular cast iron
carbides
abrasive wear resistance
adhesive wear resistance
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
innowacyjny materiał odlewniczy
żeliwo sferoidalne
węgliki
odporność na ścieranie
Opis:
In this paper results of abrasive and adhesive wear resistance of selected grades of nodular cast iron with carbides are presented. It was demonstrated, that the maximum wear resistance has got nodular cast iron with the microstructure of upper bainite, lower bainite and carbides. This cast iron with hardened steel and sulfonitrided steel is the most advantageous friction pair during adhesive wear testing. It was found, that the least advantageous friction pair is pearlitic nodular cast iron with carbides and normalized steel.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 3 spec.; 81-88
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Features of Cast Iron Smelting in Induction Crucible Furnaces
Autorzy:
Grachev, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technologies
innovative foundry materials
heat treatment
cast iron smelting
electric induction furnace
crucible
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
obróbka cieplna
hutnictwo żeliwa
piec indukcyjny
tygiel
Opis:
The article describes the trend towards increased use of induction crucible furnaces for cast iron smelting. The use of gas cupola’s duplex process – induction crucible furnace – has been proved the effective direction of scientific and technical advance in the foundry industry. Gas cupolas and induction furnaces are used for cast iron smelting at the Penza Compressor Plant where in the 1960s the author developed and introduced gas cupolas for the first time in the world. In the article, the author represents the findings of the investigation on thermodynamics of crucible reduction of silicon, which is pivotal when choosing the technological mode for cast iron smelting in induction furnaces. The author proposes a new reaction crucible diagram with due account of both partial pressure and activity of the components involved into the process. For the first time ever, the electrochemical mechanism of a crucible reaction has been studied and the correctness of the proposed diagram has been confirmed.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 45-50
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Casting ductile iron in layer moulds made from ecological sands
Autorzy:
Rączka, M.
Gandurski, K.
Isendorf, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
ochrona środowiska
żeliwo sferoidalne
forma dwuwarstwowa
innovative foundry materials
innovative foundry technologies
environmental protection
ductile iron
two layer moulds
casting examinations
Opis:
The article contains the results of tests performed under the target project in Hardtop Foundry Charsznica. The objective of the tests and studies was to develop a technology of making high-quality ductile iron castings, combined with effective means of environmental protection. The studies presented in this article related to castings weighing from 1 to 300 kg made from ductile iron of grades 400-15 and 500-7, using two-layer moulds, where the facing and core sand was the sand with an alkaline organic binder, while backing sand was the sand with an inorganic geopolymer binder. A simplified method of sand reclamation was applied with possible reuse of the reclaim as an addition to the backing sand. The cast iron spheroidising treatment and inoculation were selected taking into account the specific conditions of Hardtop Foundry. A pilot batch of castings was made, testing the gating and feeding systems and using exothermic sleeves on risers. The study confirmed the validity of the adopted concept of making ductile iron castings in layer moulds, while maintaining the content of sand with an organic binder at a level of maximum 15%.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 99-104
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Structure of Foundry Production in the World and in Poland over the 1974-2013 Period
Autorzy:
Soiński, M. S.
Skurka, K.
Jakubus, A.
Kordas, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry production
cast iron
cast steel
aluminium alloy
nonferrous alloy
produkcja odlewnicza
żeliwo
staliwo
stop aluminium
stop nieżelazny
Opis:
The paper presents data illustrating the total production of castings in the world and in Poland over the 1974-2013 period. The fractions of basic casting alloys in the total amount of material used for the production of metal castings during the considered period of time were found. It was noticed that the fraction of grey cast iron castings in the total amount of the produced castings decreased significantly over the past 40 years, both on a global scale (from about 65-75% to about 45%) and in Poland (from about 75-80% to about 45-55%). The fraction of SG iron increased considerably, up to about 25% in the world, and up to about 12-16% in Poland. The fraction of malleable became almost negligible (about 1%). The fraction of cast steel took different course in Poland and in the world: it stabilised on a global scale at about 10% in recent years, but dropped down to the level of about 4-7% in Poland. The use of aluminium alloys for the production of casting grew dynamically; their fraction in the total production of casting rose from somewhat less than 4% to almost 15% on a global scale. As far as Poland is considered, this growth was ever more intensive: from about 6-8% to about 25-30% in the 1989-2013 period (the detailed data for the previous period of time are lacking).
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2 spec.; 69-76
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Continuous modification of cast iron by the FLOTRET method
Autorzy:
Hanus, A.
Hanusová, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
rozwój produktu
żeliwo sferoidalne
metoda FLOTRET
innovative foundry technologies
innovative foundry materials
product development
cast iron
spheroidal graphite
modification of graphite shape
FLOTRET method
Opis:
Increasing demands on the utility properties of materials used for castings have led to the production of cast iron with a modified shape of graphite, where the required properties are achieved by a change in graphite shape, its size and layout, and a change in the basic structure of the metal. This paper is focused on the continuous method of producing spheroidal graphite FLOTRET. In the introductory section is summarized the theoretical foundations of the secondary treatment of cast irons, especially the FLOTRET flow method, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the method. The practical part is divided into laboratory and operational tests. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a laboratory-type modifier FLOTRET chamber, which was designed and hydraulically optimized. Experiments were focused on the effects of pressure altitude and amount of modifier on the residual values of magnesium, as conditions for a successful modification. The method was tested in two foundries under operating conditions and in one of them was observed a long-term modification process.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 43-48
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trends in the Production of Castings in the World and in Poland in the XXI Century
Autorzy:
Soiński, M. S.
Kordas, P.
Skurka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381362.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry production
cast iron
cast steel
aluminium alloys
non-ferrous alloys
produkty odlewnicze
żeliwo
staliwo
stopy aluminium
stopy metali nieżelaznych
Opis:
The paper presents data concerning the total production of castings over the 2000-2014 period, both on a global scale, and in Poland. The basic types of casting alloys were taken into account. Changes in the production volume and structure over the period of the analysed 15 years were pointed out with respect to countries leading in foundry production. The topmost position in the world foundry industry is held by China for several years (with almost 45% share in the foundry market), the second place is taken by India (with almost 9% share). A distinct reduction in the shares of the once significant producers of castings, such as USA, Japan, Germany, Russia, Italy, or France, was observed over the 2000-2014 period. Poland had a share of 1.16% in 2000, and of 1.02% in 2014. Comparing the detailed data concerning the years 2000 and 2014, one can see that the fractions of castings made of ductile iron, cast steel, aluminium alloys, or magnesium alloys increase on a global scale, while such alloys as grey cast iron or malleable are in decline.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 5-10
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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