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Tytuł:
Wtrącenia niemetaliczne w staliwie topionym w małym piecu indukcyjnym
Non-metallic Inclusions in Cast Steel Melted in a Small Induction Furnace
Autorzy:
Suchoń, J.
Studnicki, A.
Szajnar, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
staliwo
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
dodatki stopowe
cast steel
non-metallic inclusions
alloying additives
Opis:
Czynnikiem decydującym o jakości wielu stopów w tym szczególnie staliwa jest ilość, wielkość i rodzaj wtrąceń niemetalicznych. W prezentowanej pracy podjęto próbę określenia jak wpływają skład chemiczny, dodatki stopowe oraz sposób prowadzenia wytopu na ilość i rodzaj wtrąceń niemetalicznych.
Determinant of the quality of many alloys in particular cast a number of magnitude and type of non-metallic inclusions. In the present study attempts to determine how they affect the chemical composition, alloying elements and the manner in which the melt of the number and type of non-metallic inclusions.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 2 spec.; 93-97
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nonmetallic Inclusions in a New Alloy for Single-Crystal Permanent Magnets
Autorzy:
Belyaev, I. V.
Bazhenov, V. E.
Kireev, A. V.
Moiseev, A. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
magnetic alloy
single crystals
nonmetallic inclusions
formation mechanism
stop magnetyczny
monokryształ
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
Opis:
The morphology, chemical composition and formation mechanism of non-metallic inclusions in magnetic alloy of Fe-Co-Ni-Cu-Al-Ti-Hf system were investigated. These alloys are used in manufacturing single-crystal permanent magnets. Modern methods for the identification of non-metallic inclusions, as well as computer simulation of the processes of their formation by Thermo Calc software were used in the work. It was found that studied alloy contains (Ti, Hf)S titanium and hafnium sulfides, (Ti, Hf)2SC titanium and hafnium carbosulfides, Ti2O2S titanium oxisulfide, HfO2 hafnium oxide, and Al2O3 aluminum oxide. No titanium and hafnium nitrides were found in the alloy. The bulk of nonmetallic inclusions are (Ti, Hf)2SC carbosulfides and (Ti, Hf)S sulfides. All carbides and many oxides are within carbosulfides and sulfides. When the sulfur content in the alloy is no more than 0.2%, and carbon content does not exceed 0.03%, carbosulfides are formed in the solidification range of the alloy and has an faceted compact form. If the sulfur content in the alloy becomes more than 0.2% and carbon content more than 0.03%, the carbosulfide formation begins before the alloy solidification or at the beginning stages of solidification. In this case, carbosulfides are dendritic and coarse. Such carbosulfides actively float in the solidified melt and often come to the surface of the castings. In this case, specific surface defects are formed in single-crystal magnets, which are called sulfide stains. All titanium and hafnium sulfides are formed at the lower part of solidification range and have elongated shape.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 2; 11-14
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficiency of Aluminum Oxide Inclusions Removal from Liquid Steel as a Result of Collisions and Agglomeration on Ceramic Filters
Autorzy:
Kalisz, D.
Kuglin, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/947631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
filtration
nonmetallic inclusions
efficiency of collisions
PSG method
filtracja
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
metoda PSG
Opis:
Filtration is one of the most efficient methods of removing Al2O3 inclusions from liquid steel. The efficiency of this process depends on the physicochemical parameters of liquid metal, inclusion and properties of the applied filters. The particles attracted during filtration undergo agglomeration, collisions and chemical reactions on the filter surface, with the emphasis on the mechanism of particle collisions and the role of material from which the filter was made. The aluminum oxide inclusions collide with the filter surface and as the growing process continues, the particles also collide with the previously adsorbed inclusions. At the interface of particle and filter the mixing of the metal bath is most intense, being a result of a sudden change of flow direction and breaking up the stream of liquid metal which is in a direct contact with material. The efficiency of filtration is defined not only by the behavior of individual particles but of all population. The simulations revealed that only a small fraction of these particles adheres directly to the filter material; most of them stick to the former ones. Attention should be also paid to the fact that some of the inclusions which contacted the filter walls do not form a permanent connection and are then entrained by metal. Authors solved the problem of agglomeration and collisions of Al2O3 inclusions with the ceramic surface of the filter with the PSG method, mainly used for the analysis of agglomeration of inclusions during steel refining in the ladle.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 2; 43-48
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling of Precipitate Oxide and Sulfide Inclusions Formation in Liquid Steel
Autorzy:
Didenchuk, D.
Kalisz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
yttrium
non-metallic inclusions
oxide
sulfide
FactSage
itr
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
tlenek
siarczek
program FactSage
Opis:
The behaviour of non-metallic inclusions MnO, MnS, FeS, Al2O3, SiO2, Y2O3,Y2S3 in liquid steel were modelled in commercial software FactSage. It allowed for calculating and designing diagrams of dependence of inclusions formation from the concentration of yttrium in determined limits of aluminium and oxygen. As a result, the influence of the increasing yttrium concentration on the precipitations of oxide and sulfide inclusions is observed. The behavior of precipitation the another analyzed oxides and sulfides is also observed in liquid steel, giving a full composition in non-metallic inclusions, formatted in specified conditions. The amounts of mass fractions of Y2O3 and Y2S3 are increasing at the growing Y in liquid steel, which shows the active formation of these inclusions.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 4 spec.; 19-22
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study of Inclusions in Aluminum and Titanium Deoxidized 4130
Autorzy:
Tuttle, R. B.
Kottala, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379476.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
steel
sand casting
inclusions
electrolytic extraction
inclusion characterization
stal
odlewanie piaskowe
wtrącenia
ekstrakcja elektrolityczna
Opis:
In this paper, the authors investigated the size distribution of titanium oxide (TiO2), titanium nitride (TiN) and titanium carbide (TiC) inclusions in a titanium deoxidized 4130 steel and compared it with the 4130 base alloy composition inclusions. TiN and TiC inclusions are of particular interest due to their role as heterogeneous nuclei for various phase reactions in steels. Two types of samples were prepared, a polished sample and a filtered sample. Electrolytic dissolution was employed to make the filter paper samples. The size range of titanium inclusions was found to be more than that of the non-metallic inclusions from 4130 base alloy heat. Titanium inclusions from the filter and polished samples were round in shape. TiC and TiN inclusions were not found in the electrolytic extraction samples. Inclusions and their chemistries were analyzed using scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. The inclusion size range was larger for the titanium deoxidized samples than the base alloy. However, in both steels the majority of inclusions had a size smaller than 10 μm.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2018, 18, 1; 129-134
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Casting defects analysis by the Pareto method
Autorzy:
Borowiecki, B.
Borowiecka, O.
Szkodzińska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381830.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
casting defect
Pareto analysis
slag inclusions
sand hole
wada odlewu
analiza Pareto
wtrącenia żużlowe
Opis:
On the basis of receive results formed of diagram Pareto Lorenz. On the basis of receive graph it affirmed, that for 70% general number casting defects answered 3 defects (9 contribution – 100% defects). For 70% general number defects of influence it has three type of causes: sand holes, porosity and slag inclusions. The defects show that it is necessary to take up construction gating system. The remaining 8 causes have been concerned only 25%, with general number of casting defects. Analysis of receive results permit to determine of direction of correct actions in order to eliminate or to limit the most defects.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2011, 11, 3 spec.; 33-36
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Comparative Analysis of the Inclusion Removal Efficiency of Different Fluxes
Autorzy:
Máté, M.
Tokár, M.
Fegyverneki, G.
Gyarmati, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/946873.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
castings defects
aluminum alloy
inclusions
cleaning flux
melt treatment
wady odlewów
stop aluminium
wtrącenia
Opis:
The Comparative Analysis of the Inclusion Removal Efficiency of Different Fluxes
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 2; 53-58
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oxide Inclusions in Ductile Cast Iron as Starting Materials for Production SiMo Iron Castings
Autorzy:
Dyrlaga, Ł.
Kopyciński, D.
Guzik, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
oxide inclusions
slag defects
ductile cast iron
structure
wtrącenia tlenkowe
wady żużlu
żeliwo sferoidalne
struktura
Opis:
This paper presents the study about defects found in industrial high silicon ductile iron. The microstructures were analysed using an optical microscope. Afterwards, a scanning electron microscope was used to analyse the chemical composition. The study also examined the origin of oxygen and what is the amount of oxygen in the cast iron. The amount of active oxygen was measured at two production processes. Firstly, at the end of melting process, and secondly, after the nodularization treatment. The research was carried out with different proportions of the raw materials. The focus was on determining the mechanism of the formation of slag defects to eliminate them in order to obtain ductile iron with increased silicon content of the highest possible quality. The research presented in this publication is a part of an implementation doctorate carried out in the METALPOL Foundry in Węgierska Górka (Poland). The presented research concerns the elaboration of initial parameters of liquid metal intended for processing into high-silicon ductile cast iron SiMo1000 type with aluminum and chromium additives.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 3; 43-47
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Technological Parameters of X70 Stainless Steel Ladle Refining on the Residual Content of Non-Metallic Inclusions
Autorzy:
Babanin, A.
Babanina, O.
Bilousov, V.
Komarov, B.
Pashchuk, D.
Shalapko, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
non-metallic inclusions
secondary refining
ladle furnace
tundish ladle
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
rafinacja wtórna
piec kadziowy
Opis:
It is demonstrated that during secondary refining at the ladle furnace the carbon content of steel and the residence time of the metal in the ladle exert a significant impact on the residual content of non-metallic inclusions (NMI) in steel. Mathematical calculations showed that the dynamic forces have minor effect on the motion of small sized NMI, making it difficult to penetrate deep into the slag.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 3; 5-10
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on the Characterization of Ti Inclusions and Their Precipitation Behavior in Tire Cord Steel
Autorzy:
Lei, Jialiu
Zhao, Dongnan
Fu, Yongjun
Xu, Xianfeng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383339.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
precipitation behavior
Ti inclusions
concentration product
tire cord steel
characterization
linka stalowa
wtrącenia Ti
odpady
Opis:
In the present investigation, the morphology of Ti inclusions in high strength tire cord steel was investigated and their precipitation behavior was discussed using a precipitation and growth model. The results show that Ti inclusions mainly exist in the form of TiN. The two-dimensional characterization of Ti inclusions is square-like with sharp edges and corners, while its three-dimensional shape exhibits a cubic or rectangular-prism morphology. The Ti inclusions do not precipitate when the solid fraction of tire cord during solidification is less than 0.987, and their final radius is closely related to the cooling rate and initial concentration product. The higher the cooling speed, the smaller the final radius, when the cooling speed is constant, the final radius of Ti inclusions is mainly determined by the initial concentration product, w[N]0×w[Ti]0. In order to retard the precipitation and growth of Ti inclusions in tire cord steel, the cooling rate and initial concentration product can be taken into consideration.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 3; 33-37
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wide - ranging influence of mischmetal on properties of GP240GH cast steel
Autorzy:
Kasińska, J.
Gajewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
staliwo węglowe
REM
właściwości mechaniczne
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
cast carbon steel
mechanical properties
non-metallic inclusions
Opis:
This paper presents influence of rare earth metals (REM) on the properties of GP240GH cast carbon steel. The research has been performed on successive industrial melts. Each time ca 2000 kg of liquid metal was modified. The rare earth metals were put into the ladle during tapping of heat melt from the furnace. Because of this the amount of sulphur in the cast steel was decreased and the non-metallic inclusion morphology was significantly changed. It was found that non metallic inclusions the cracking mechanism of Charpy specimens and the impact strength were all changed. The following properties were tested: mechanical properties [...], plastic properties (necking, elongation) and impact strength (SCI). In the three-point bend test the KJC stress intensity factor was evaluated.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 4; 85-94
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Formation Mechanism for the TiN-MnS Complex Inclusions in Tire Cord Steel
Autorzy:
Lei, Jialiu
Wang, Xiumin
Zhao, Dongnan
Fu, Yongjun
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837727.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
tire cord steel
thermodynamic calculations
inclusions
TiN-MnS
formation mechanism
kord stalowy
obliczenia termodynamiczne
inkluzje
Opis:
High strength tire cord steel is extensively used in radial ply tyres as the framework material, but the presence of brittle single titanium inclusions or complex titanium inclusions can cause failure of the wires and jeopardize their performance in production. In order to provide a key guidance on the control of titanium inclusions, it is necessary to clarify their formation mechanism during solidification. In the present work, the thermodynamic calculations were employed for an elaboration on their formation mechanism, combined with the industrial test. The TiN-MnS complex inclusions observed by SEM-EDS shows that the internal corresponds to TiN and the external is MnS. Thermodynamic calculations based on the microsegregation model indicate that MnS forms first, which can act as a nucleation site for the co-deposit of TiN in the mushy zone. As the MnS inclusions have a better deformation than that of TiN inclusions, then the TiN inclusions are wrapped by the MnS inclusions, generating TiN-MnS complex inclusions after rolling.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 2; 65-69
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of blowing of argon on the cleanness of steel
Autorzy:
Pribulová, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wada odlewu
metalografia
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
argon
castings defects
metallography
non-metallic inclusions
argon blowing
argon flow rate
Opis:
The mechanical properties of steel components are controlled by the chemical composition and mechanical treatment to which the steel is submitted. Non-metallic inclusions have a very high influence on the steel quality but secondary metallurgy enables to reduce their content in the steel. Possibilities of secondary metallurgy are relatively extensive but financial situation in Slovak foundries does not enable to make investments in secondary metallurgy in the near future. Accessible means for influencing of steel quality is injection of an inert gas. Main goal of experiments described in the article was verify the influence of blowing of argon into the steel in an electric induction furnace on its cleanness. Duration and flow-rate of argon blowing have a very clearly influence on the final content of non-metallic inclusions. Minimum time of argon blowing necessary for reducing of content of non-metallic inclusions in one tonne electric induction furnace was more then 6 minutes and recommended argon flow rate was 10 litters per minute.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 91-94
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of CaSiAl Modification on the Non-metallic Inclusions and Mechanical Properties of Low-carbon Microalloyed Cast Steel
Autorzy:
Kalandyk, B.
Zapała, R.
Sobula, S.
Tęcza, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382745.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
microalloyed cast steel
microstructure
mechanical property
non-metallic inclusions
staliwo mikrostopowe
mikrostruktura
właściwości mechaniczne
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
Opis:
The effect of CaSiAl modification (43-49% Ca, 43-48% Si, 2% Al) on the non-metallic inclusions and mechanical properties of cast low-carbon steel is discussed. Tests were carried out on the cast steel with 0.2% C and micro-additives of V and Nb, used mainly for heavy steel castings (e.g. slag ladles). The modifier in an amount of 1.5 and 3 kg / Mg was introduced to the liquid steel before tapping the metal into a ladle. Test ingots of Y type and a weight of 10 kg were cast and then subjected to a normalizing heat treatment. Using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the non-metallic inclusions present in as-cast samples was carried out. Additionally, tests of mechanical strength and impact strength were performed on cast steel with and without the different content of modifier. It was found that increasing the modifier addition affected impact strength but had no significant effect on tensile strength and yield strength. The material with high impact strength had the smallest area fraction of non-metallic inclusions in the microstructure (0.20%). The introduction of modifiers changed the morphology of non-metallic inclusions from dendritic to regular and nodular shapes.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 1; 47-52
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modification of non-metallic inclusions by rare-earth elements in microalloyed steels
Autorzy:
Opiela, M.
Grajcar, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
pierwiastki ziem rzadkich
wtrącenia niemetaliczne
stal mikrostopowa
rare earth elements (REE)
non-metallic inclusions
microalloyed steels
Opis:
The modification of the chemical composition of non-metallic inclusions by rare-earth elements in the new-developed microalloyed steels was discussed in the paper. The investigated steels are assigned to production of forged elements by thermomechanical treatment. The steels were melted in a vaccum induction furnace and modification of non-metallic inclusions was carried out by the michmetal in the amount of 2.0 g per 1 kg of steel. It was found that using material charge of high purity and a realization of metallurgical process in vacuous conditions result in a low concentration of sulfur (0.004%), phosphorus (from 0.006 to 0.008%) and oxygen (6 ppm). The high metallurgical purity is confirmed by a small fraction of non-metallic inclusions averaging 0.075%. A large majority of non-metallic inclusions are fine, globular oxide-sulfide or sulfide particles with a mean size 17 m2. The chemical composition and morphology of non-metallic inclusions was modified by Ce, La and Nd, what results a small deformability of nonmetallic inclusions during hot-working.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 2; 129-134
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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