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Tytuł:
Evaluation of the Microwave Absorbing Effectiveness by the Selected Molding Sands Matrixes
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Więcławek, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
microwaves
quartz sand
absorption
water
odlewnictwo
mikrofale
piasek kwarcowy
absorpcja
woda
Opis:
The paper presents the results of the absorption effectiveness measured for electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 2.45 GHz penetrating selected quartz mold and core sands matrixes. Research was conducted with a usage of the unique microwave slot line for assessing, on the basis of the measured parameters of looseness, the effectiveness of microwaves absorbing capacity by the matrixes of molding sands. Examinations were focused on the high-silica quartz matrixes from various mines with a different grain size composition and humidity. Usage of the unique measuring device, designed especially for this type of research, has made possibility to systematize knowledge of the dynamics and efficiency of microwaves absorption while penetrating humid matrix of molding sands. Analysis of the study results indicate, that the process of microwaves absorbing is affect, in addition to water located on the matrix grains surfaces, by the grain size distribution and the origin of the quartz sand.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 1 spec.; 175-180
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of Glassex additive on properties of microwave-hardened and self-hardened moulding sands with water glass
Autorzy:
Major-Gabryś, K.
Dobosz, S. M.
Jakubski, J.
Stachowicz, M.
Nowak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
masa formierska
szkło wodne
mikrofale
moulding sand
water glass
ester hardener
microwave hardening
Opis:
The article takes into consideration the researches concerning inserting the Glassex additive to the microwaved-hardened and self-hardened moulding sands with water glass. In the research different types of ester hardeners to self-hardened moulding sands with water glass were used. The influence of Glassex additive on retained strength of moulding sands with different hardeners and prepared by different technologies of hardening were tested. The influence of different hardeners and the technology of hardening on retained strength of moulding sand with water glass and the Glassex additive were also estimated.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 1; 130-134
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Sand Wetting on Physically Hardened Moulding Sands Containing a Selected Inorganic Binder. Part 1
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Pałyga, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
microwaves
water glass
wetting
strength
odlewnictwo
mikrofale
szklanka wody
zwilżanie
wytrzymałość
Opis:
In the paper, an attempt was made to evaluate the effect of preliminary wetting of high-silica base during preparation of moulding sands containing a selected grade of sodium water-glass, designed for hardening by traditional drying or by electromagnetic microwaves at 2.45 GHz. In the research, some water was dosed during stirring the sandmix before adding 1.5 wt% of the binder that was unmodified sodium water-glass grade 137, characterised by high molar module within 3.2 to 3.4. Scope of the examinations included determining the effect of wetting the base on mechanical parameters like compression, bending and tensile strength, as well as on technological parameters like permeability, abrasion resistance and apparent density. The research revealed a significant positive effect of adding water to wet surfaces of high-silica base grains on mechanical properties and quality of moulding sands hardened by physical methods, in particular by microwave heating.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 1; 73-78
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microwave absorption by used moulding and core sands
Autorzy:
Nowak, D.
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Pigiel, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380205.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
recykling
współczynnik fali stojącej
mikrofale
materiał formierski
recycling
standing wave ratio
microwaves
moulding materials
Opis:
The paper presents measurement results of standing wave ratio to be used as an efficiency indicator of microwave absorption by used moulding and core sands chosen for the microwave utilization process. The absorption measurements were made using a prototype stand of microwave slot line. Examined were five used moulding and core sands. It was demonstrated that the microwave absorption measurements can make grounds for actual microwave utilization of moulding and core sands.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 87-90
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of microwaves for binder content assessment in moulding sands
Autorzy:
Nowak, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380212.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
masa formierska
spoiwo
mikrofale
innovative foundry technologies
moulding sand
binder
microwaves
Opis:
The paper presents results of preliminary examinations on possibility of determining binder content in traditional moulding sands with the microwave method. The presented measurements were carried-out using a special stand, the so-called slot line. Binder content in the sandmix was determined by measurements of absorption damping Ad and insertion losses IL of electromagnetic wave. One of main advantages of the suggested new method of binder content measurement is short measuring time.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 3; 83-86
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Long-term Effects of Relative Humidity on Properties of Microwave Hardened Moulding Sand with Sodium Silicate
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
sodium silicate
humidity
microwaves
high-silica sand
odlewnia
krzemian sodu
wilgotność
mikrofale
piasek kwarcowy
Opis:
Moulding sands containing sodium silicate (water-glass) belong to the group of porous mixture with low resistance to increased humidity. Thanks to hydrophilic properties of hardened or even overheated binder, possible is application of effective methods of hydrous reclamation consisting in its secondary hydration. For the same reason (hydrophilia of the binder), moulds and foundry cores made of high-silica moulding sands with sodium silicate are susceptible to the action of components of atmospheric air, including the contained steam. This paper presents results of a research on the effect of (relative) humidity on mechanical and technological properties of microwave-hardened moulding mixtures. Specimens of the moulding sand containing 1.5 wt% of sodium water-glass with module 2.5 were subjected, in a laboratory climatic chamber, to long-term action of steam contained in the chamber atmosphere. Concentration of water in atmospheric air was stabilized for 28 days (672 h) according to the relative humidity parameter that was ca. 40%, 60% and 80% at constant temperature 20 °C. In three cycles of the examinations, the specimens were taken out from the chamber every 7 days (168 h) and their mechanical and technological parameters were determined. It was found on the grounds of laboratory measurements that moulds and cores hardened with microwaves are susceptible to action of atmospheric air and presence of water (as steam) intensifies action of the air components on glassy film of sodium silicate. Microwave-hardened moulding sands containing sodium silicate may be stored on a long-term basis in strictly determined atmospheric conditions only, at reduced humidity. In spite of a negative effect of steam contained in the air, the examined moulding mixtures maintain a part of their mechanical and technological properties, so the moulds and foundry cores stored in specified, controlled conditions could be still used in manufacture.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 127-132
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Sand Base Grade and Density of Moulding Sands with Sodium Silicate on Effectiveness of Absorbing Microwaves
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry
microwaves
sodium silicate
high-silica sand
lossiness measurements
odlewnia
mikrofale
krzemian sodowy
piasek kwarcowy
Opis:
In the paper, presented is a research on effectiveness of absorbing electromagnetic waves at frequency 2.45 GHz by unhardened moulding sands prepared of three kinds of high-silica base and a selected grade of sodium silicate. Measurements of power loss of microwave radiation (Pin) expressed by a total of absorbed power (Pabs), output power (Pout) and reflected power (Pref) were carried-out on a stand of semiautomatic microwave slot line. Values of microwave power loss in the rectangular waveguide filled with unhardened moulding sands served for determining effectiveness of microwave heating. Balance of microwave power loss is of technological and economical importance for manufacture of high-quality casting moulds and cores of various shapes and sizes. It was found that relative density influences parameters of power output and power reflected from samples of moulding sand placed in a waveguide. Absorption expressed by the parameter Pabs is not related to granularity of high-silica base: fine, medium and coarse. It was found that the semiautomatic microwave slot line supports evaluation of effectiveness of microwave absorption on the grounds of power loss measurements and enables statistic description of influence of relative density of the sandmix on penetration of electromagnetic waves in unhardened moulding sands.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 3; 103-108
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Microwave Heating of Protective Coatings Used in the Lost Foam Technology
Autorzy:
Opyd, B.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382105.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
microwave
protective coating
lost foam
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
mikrofale
powłoka ochronna
tracona piana
Opis:
Presented are results of a preliminary research on determining a possibility to use microwave radiation for drying casting protective coatings applied on patterns used in the lost foam technology. Taken were measurements of permittivity εr and loss factor tgδ at 2.45 GHz, as well as attempts were made of microwave drying of a protective coating based on aluminium silicates, applied on shapes of foamed polystyrene and rigid polymeric foam. Time and results of microwave drying were compared with the results obtained by drying at 50 °C by the traditional method commonly used for removing water from protective coatings. Analysis of the obtained drying kinetics curves demonstrated that selection of proper operation parameters of microwave equipment permits the drying time to be significantly shortened. Depending on kind of the pattern material, drying process of a protective coating runs in a different way, resulting in obtaining different quality of the dried coating.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 2; 65-70
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Możliwości określenia zawartości lepiszcza w masach formierskich przy użyciu pola elektromagnetycznego
Possibilities of Determination of the Binder Content in Sand Molds with the use of Electromagnetic Field
Autorzy:
Nowak, D.
Granat, K.
Opyd, B.
Więcławek, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382776.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
technologia innowacyjna
technologia odlewnicza
masa formierska
lepiszcze
mikrofale
innovative technology
foundry technology
moulding sand
binder
microwave
Opis:
W pracy zaprezentowano wyniki wstępnych badań nad możliwością określenia zawartości lepiszcza w klasycznych masach formierskich metodą mikrofalową. Przedstawione w pracy pomiary przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem specjalnego stanowiska tzw. linii szczelinowej. Zawartość lepiszcza w masie formierskiej określano na podstawie badań mocy absorbowanej oraz mocy wyjściowej fali elektromagnetycznej. Jedną z głównych zalet proponowanej, nowej metody pomiaru zawartości lepiszcza jest krótki czas pomiaru.
This paper presents the results of a preliminary study of the possibility to determining binder content in conventional moulding sands using microwave method. Measurements presented in this paper were carried out using a special work station - microwave slot line. Binder content in the moulding sands was defined by analyzing power absorbed and output power of an electromagnetic wave. One of the main advantage of the suggested, new method of binder content measurement is a short measuring time.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 1 spec.; 121-124
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena skuteczności pochłaniania mikrofal przez różne osnowy mas formierskich
Evaluation of the Microwaves Absorption Effectiveness by Various Moulding Sand Matrixes
Autorzy:
Mażulis, J.
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380222.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
masa formierska
mikrofale
suszenie
piasek chromitowy
piasek cyrkonowy
piasek kwarcowy
moulding sand
microwaves
drying
quartz sand
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad możliwością zastosowania mikrofal do wspomagania procesu suszenia mas formierskich i rdzeniowych sporządzonych z różnymi gatunkami osnowy. Zawartość wody w masach formierskich, podobnie jak rodzaj zastosowanej osnowy, ma istotny wpływ na jakość wytwarzanych odlewów. W badaniach zastosowano unikatowe stanowisko mikrofalowej linii szczelinowej, umożliwiające ocenę, na podstawie pomiaru parametrów dielektrycznych, wielkości strat mocy emitowanego sygnału mikrofalowego penetrującego próbki stosowanych w odlewnictwie gatunków osnowy: chromitowej, cyrkonowej i kwarcowej. Dzięki zastosowaniu unikatowego, prototypowego stanowiska badawczego możliwym było usystematyzowanie wiedzy na temat wpływu parametrów dielektrycznych zastosowanych w badaniach gatunków piasku na skuteczność pochłaniania mikrofal przez sporządzone z nimi masy formierskie, a zatem na efektywność mikrofalowych procesów dosuszania, suszenia i utwardzania przez dehydratację tych mas. Wyniki badań wykazały jednoznacznie wpływ składu chemicznego (mineralogicznego) zastosowanych gatunków osnowy na proces pochłaniania mikrofal oraz wyznaczyły nowe obszary zastosowania mikrofal do wspomagania procesów odlewniczych.
This paper presents the results of studies on the possibility of applying microwaves to support the drying process of molding and core sands made of different types of matrix. The water content in sand molds as well as the type of used matrix has a significant impact on the quality of produced castings. In the research a unique microwave slot line measuring stand was used. Being based on the dielectric parameter measurement it enabled the evaluation of power losses of microwave penetrating molding and core sands samples such as: chromite, zircon and quartz. The knowledge about the influence of dielectric parameters on microwave absorption effectiveness depending on used in the research sand types was systematized. Thus it was possible to specify the efficiency of microwave drying, re drying and hardening of particular molding sands as a result of dehydration. The results of the survey pointed out the impact of the chemical (mineralogical) composition of used matrix types on the microwave absorption process as also determined new fields of microwaves application as a support of foundry processes.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 2 spec.; 74-80
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dielectric Properties of High-Silica Sand at 2.45 GHz
Autorzy:
Opyd, B
Nowak, D.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technologies
microwaves
moulding sand
high-silica sand
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
mikrofale
masa formierska
piasek kwarcowy
Opis:
In the paper, presented are measurements of permittivity (εr) and dielectric loss factor (tgδ) of high-silica moulding sand, determined at 2.45 GHz by perturbation method on a stand of waveguide resonance cavity. Determined were electrical properties of the main component of moulding sands, i.e. high-silica base, critical for their heating kinetics. The measurements were carried-out for six kinds of high-silica sand with diverse grain size distribution. Analysis of the results indicates that both permittivity and loss tangent values are similar for all kinds of high-silica moulding sand. Irrespective of their grain size analysis, neither of the examined sandmixes shows susceptibility to action of 2.45 GHz microwave field. The presented results make a ground for developing a mathematical model of microwave heating of technological systems composed of moulding sand and foundry tooling.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 1 spec.; 136-139
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Sand Wetting on Physically Hardened Moulding Sands Containing a Selected Inorganic Binder. Part 2
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Granat, K.
Pałyga, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/379478.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
foundry engineering
microwaves
hardening
moulding sand
inorganic binder
strength
odlewnictwo
mikrofale
hartowanie
masa formierska
spoiwo nieorganiczne
wytrzymałość
Opis:
In the paper, an attempt is made to explain the previously observed increased effectiveness of utilising hydrated sodium water-glass grade 137 after hardening moulding sands with selected physical methods. In the modified process of preparing sandmixes, during stirring components, water as a wetting additive was introduced to the sand-binder system. Presented are examination results of influence of faster microwave heating and slower traditional drying of the so-prepared moulding sands on their tensile and bending strength, calculated per weight fraction of the binder. The measurement results were confronted with SEM observations of linking bridges and with chemical analyses of grain surfaces of high-silica base. On the grounds of comprehensive evaluation of hardened moulding sands, positive effects were found of the applied physical process of binder dehydration and presence of the wetting additive. It was observed that introduction of this additive during stirring, before adding the binder, improves flowing the binder to the places where durable linking bridges are created. It was also found that the applied methods of hardening by dehydration enable creation of very durable linking bridges, strongly connected with the sand base, which results in damages of high-silica grain surfaces, when the bridges are destroyed.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 1; 79-84
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Electrical Properties of Materials on Effectiveness of Heating Their Systems in Microwave Field
Autorzy:
Stachowicz, M.
Opyd, B
Granat, K.
Markuszewska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative casting technologies
microwaves
moulding sands
foundry instrumentation
electrical properties
innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
mikrofale
masa formierskia
właściwości elektryczne
Opis:
In the paper presented are results of a research on influence of electrical and physico-chemical properties of materials being parts of multicomponent and multimaterial systems used in foundry practice on efficiency and effectiveness of microwave heating. Effectiveness of the process was evaluated on the grounds of analysis of interaction between selected parameters of permittivity and loss factor, as well as collective index of energy absorbed, reflected and transmitted by these materials. In the examinations used was a stand of wave guide resonance cavity for determining electrical properties and a stand of microwave slot line for determining balance of microwave power emitted into selected materials. The examinations have brought closer the possibility of forecasting the behaviour of multimaterial systems like e.g. model, moulding sand or moulding box in microwave field on the grounds of various electrical and physico-chemical properties. On the grounds of analysis of the results, possible was selecting a group of materials designed for building foundry instrumentation to be effectively used in electromagnetic field.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 2; 111-114
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electrical Properties of Multilayer Systems Composed of Foundry Tooling and Moulding Sand
Autorzy:
Gal, B.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381474.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
microwaves
electrical properties
multilayer foundry system
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
mikrofale
właściwości elektryczne
system odlewniczy wielowarstwowy
Opis:
Within the research, selected multilayer technological systems created as combinations of water-glass containing moulding sand with foundry tooling, were characterised on the grounds of their electrical properties. By measuring resonance frequency and quality factor of a waveguide resonance cavity, real component of permittivity εr′ and loss tangent tgδ were determined for multilayer foundry systems with various qualitative and quantitative compositions. It was demonstrated that combination of a sandmix and foundry tooling with known dielectric properties results in a system with different physico-chemical properties, whose relation to the parameters of individual components of the system is undefined at this research stage. On the grounds of measurement results, theoretical value of microwave heating power, dissipated in unit volume of the selected multilayer foundry system, was determined. Knowledge of theoretical heating power and evaluation of physical, chemical and structural changes occurring in moulding sands exposed to microwaves in such a technological system makes a ground for empirical modelling of the process of microwave heating of foundry moulds and cores.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 21-24
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Water-Glass Content on Electrical Properties of Silica Sand-Based Moulding Sand
Autorzy:
Opyd, B.
Nowak, D.
Granat, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380420.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
innovative foundry technology
microwaves
moulding sand
water glass
electrical properties
innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
mikrofale
masa formierska
szkło wodne
właściwości elektryczne
Opis:
In the paper, presented are measurements of permittivity εr and loss factor tgδ of moulding sand depending on bonding material content, taken at 2.45 GHz by perturbation method on a stand of wave-guide resonance cavity. The determined electrical properties are crucial for kinetics of microwave heating of sandmixes containing water-glass as a binder. The measurements were taken for two sandmixes with various sand grains. The results indicate that, for a moulding sands containing water-glass, the relationship between loss factor value and binder concentration is linear. All the examined moulding sands, irrespective of their base, show a relatively high susceptibility to action of microwave field of frequency 2.45 GHz. The presented measurements make a ground for developing a mathematical model of microwave heating of the systems moulding sand-foundry tooling.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 3 spec.; 59-62
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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