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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
Tytuł:
Application of Vector Sensors to Acoustic Surveillance of a Public Interior Space
Autorzy:
Łopatka, K.
Kotus, J.
Czyżewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176963.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sound localization
acoustic vector sensors
acoustic events
Opis:
A method for precise sound sources detection and localization in interiors is presented. Acoustic vector sensors, which provide multichannel output signals of acoustic pressure and particle velocity were employed. Methods for detecting acoustic events are introduced. The algorithm for localizing sound events in the audience is presented. The system set up in a lecture hall, which serves as a demonstrator of the proposed technology, is described. The accurracy of the proposed method is evaluated by the described measurement results. The analysis of the results is followed by conclusions pertaining the usability of the proposed system. The concept of the multimodal audio-visual detection of events in the audience is also introduced.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 4; 851-860
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Influence of Directional Microphones on the Speech Intelligibility and Spatial Perception by Cochlear Implant Users
Autorzy:
Kordus, M.
Tyler, R. S.
Żera, J.
Oleson, J. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
localization
bilateral cochlear implants
adults
microphone
beamformer
Opis:
The objective of the study is to assess the hearing performance of cochlear implant users in three device microphone configurations: omni-directional, directional, and beamformer (BEAMformer two-adaptive noise reduction system), in localization and speech perception tasks in dynamically changing listening environments. Seven cochlear implant users aided with Cochlear CM-24 devices with Freedom speech processor participated in the study. For the localization test in quiet and in background noise, subjects demonstrated significant differences between different microphone settings. Confusion matrices showed that in about 70% cases cochlear implant subjects correctly localized sounds within a horizontal angle of 30–40◦ (±1◦ loudspeaker apart from signal source). However localization in noise was less accurate as shown by a large number of considerable errors in localization in the confusion matrices. Average results indicated no significant difference between three microphone configurations. For speech presented from the front 3 dB SNR improvements in speech intelligibility in three subjects can be observed for beamforming system compared to directional and omni-directional microphone settings. The benefits of using different microphone settings in cochlear implant devices in dynamically changing listening conditions depend on the particular sound environment.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2015, 40, 1; 81-92
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Virtual Sound Localization by Blind People
Autorzy:
Dunai, L.
Lengua, I.
Peris-Fajarnés, G.
Brusola, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
virtual sounds
localization
distance
azimuth
blind people
Opis:
The paper demonstrates that blind people localize sounds more accurately than sighted people by using monaural and/or binaural cues. In the experiment, blind people participated in two tests; the first one took place in the laboratory and the second one in the real environment under different noise conditions. A simple click sound was employed and processed with non-individual head related transfer functions. The sounds were delivered by a system with a maximum azimuth of 32° to the left side and 32° to the right side of the participant’s head at a distance ranging from 0.3 m up to 5 m. The present paper describes the experimental methods and results of virtual sound localization by blind people through the use of a simple electronic travel aid based on an infrared laser pulse and the time of flight distance measurement principle. The lack of vision is often compensated by other perceptual abilities, such as the tactile or hearing ability. The results show that blind people easily perceive and localize binaural sounds and assimilate them with sounds from the environment.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2015, 40, 4; 561-567
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Introduction to Virtual Phased Arrays for Beamforming Applications
Autorzy:
Comesaña, D. F.
Holland, K. R.
Escribano, D. G.
de Bree, H. E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176345.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
beamforming
source localization
virtual phased arrays
measurement techniques
Opis:
Sound localization problems are usually tackled by the acquisition of data from phased microphone arrays and the application of acoustic holography or beamforming algorithms. However, the number of sensors required to achieve reliable results is often prohibitive, particularly if the frequency range of interest is wide. It is shown that the number of sensors required can be reduced dramatically providing the sound field is time stationary. The use of scanning techniques such as “Scan & Paint” allows for the gathering of data across a sound field in a fast and efficient way, using a single sensor and webcam only. It is also possible to characterize the relative phase field by including an additional static microphone during the acquisition process. This paper presents the theoretical and experimental basis of the proposed method to localise sound sources using only one fixed microphone and one moving acoustic sensor. The accuracy and resolution of the method have been proven to be comparable to large microphone arrays, thus constituting the so called “virtual phased arrays”.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2014, 39, 1; 81-88
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Providing Surround Sound with Loudspeakers: A Synopsis of Current Methods
Autorzy:
Blauert, J.
Rabenstein, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177153.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
surround sound
holography
wavefield synthesis
ambisonics
amplitude panning
summing localization
Opis:
Available methods for room-related sound presentation are introduced and evaluated. A focus is put on the synthesis side rather than on complete transmission systems. Different methods are compared using common, though quite general criteria. The methods selected for comparison are: INTENSITY STEREOPHONY after Blumlein, vector-base amplitude panning (VBAP), 5.1-SURROUND and its discrete-channel derivatives, synthesis with spherical harmonics (AMBISONICS, HOA), synthesis based on the boundary method, namely, wave-field synthesis (WFS), and binaural-cue selection methods (e.g., DIRAC). While VBAP, 5.1-SURROUND and other discrete-channel-based methods show a number of practical advantages, they do, in the end, not aim at authentic sound-field reproduction. The so-called holophonic methods that do so, particularly, HOA and WFS, have specific advantages and disadvantages which will be discussed. Yet, both methods are under continuous development, and a decision in favor of one of them should be taken from a strictly application-oriented point of view by considering relevant application-specific advantages and disadvantages in detail.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2012, 37, 1; 5-18
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multimodal Perceptual Training for Improving Spatial Auditory Performance in Blind and Sighted Listeners
Autorzy:
Bǎlan, O.
Moldoveanu, A.
Moldoveanu, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177275.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
front-back confusions
HRTF
sound localization
training
virtual auditory environment
Opis:
The use of individualised Head Related Transfer Functions (HRTF) is a fundamental prerequisite for obtaining an accurate rendering of 3D spatialised sounds in virtual auditory environments. The HRTFs are transfer functions that define the acoustical basis of auditory perception of a sound source in space and are frequently used in virtual auditory displays to simulate free-field listening conditions. However, they depend on the anatomical characteristics of the human body and significantly vary among individuals, so that the use of the same dataset of HRTFs for all the users of a designed system will not offer the same level of auditory performance. This paper presents an alternative approach to the use on non-individualised HRTFs that is based on a procedural learning, training, and adaptation to altered auditory cues.We tested the sound localisation performance of nine sighted and visually impaired people, before and after a series of perceptual (auditory, visual, and haptic) feedback based training sessions. The results demonstrated that our subjects significantly improved their spatial hearing under altered listening conditions (such as the presentation of 3D binaural sounds synthesised from non-individualized HRTFs), the improvement being reflected into a higher localisation accuracy and a lower rate of front-back confusion errors.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2015, 40, 4; 491-502
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of Acoustic Camera for Noise Sources Localization and Noise Reduction in the Industrial Plant
Autorzy:
Fiebig, Wiesław
Dąbrowski, Damian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178071.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
noise source localization
noise reduction
industrial noise control
acoustic camera
Opis:
The paper presents results of the localization of main noise sources in the industrial plant. Identification of main noise sources was made with an acoustic camera using Beamforming Method. Parallel to the measurements by means of the acoustic camera, sound level measurements on the main noise sources have been performed. Based on the calculations, prediction regarding the noise emission at residential buildings located near to the plant has been determined. Acoustic noise maps have been performed with LEQ Professional software, which includes the 3D geometry of the buildings inside the plant. It has been established that, after introduction of noise reduction measures in the plant, the noise levels at the observation points in the residential area meets the limit values.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2020, 45, 1; 111-117
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on Airflow Background Noise Suppression for Aeroacoustic Wind Tunnel Testing
Autorzy:
Li, Yuanwen
Li, Min
Feng, Daofang
Yang, Debin
Wei, Long
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
aeroacoustic measurement
acoustic source localization
EEMD; background noise suppression
wind tunnel test.
Opis:
The microphone data collected in aeroacoustic wind tunnel test contains not only desired aeroacoustic signal but also background noise generated by the jet or the valve of the wind tunnel, so the desired aeroacoustic characteristics is difficult to be highlighted due to the low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). Classical cross spectral matrix removal can only reduce the microphone self-noise, but its effect is limited for jet noise. Therefore, an Airflow Background Noise Suppression method based on the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (ABNSEEMD) is proposed to eliminate the influence of background noise on aeroacoustic field reconstruction. The new method uses EEMD to adaptively separate the background noise in microphone data, which has good practicability for increasing SNR of aeroacoustic signal. A localization experiment was conducted by using two loudspeakers in wind tunnel with 80 m/s velocity. Results show that proposed method can filter out the background noise more effectively and improve the SNR of the loudspeakers signal compared with spectral subtraction and cepstrum methods. Moreover, the aeroacoustic field produced by a NACA EPPLER 862 STRUT airfoil model was also measured and reconstructed. Delay-and-sum beamforming maps of aeroacoustic source were displayed after the background noise was suppressed, which further demonstrates the proposed method’s advantage.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2022, 47, 2; 241-257
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic Source Localization Using Kernel-based Extreme Learning Machine in Distributed Microphone Array
Autorzy:
Wang, Rong
Chen, Zhe
Yin, Fuliang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
extreme learning machine
acoustic source localization
distributed microphone array
generalized cross correlation function
Opis:
Acoustic source localization using distributed microphone array is a challenging task due to the influences of noise and reverberation. In this paper, acoustic source localization using kernel-based extreme learning machine in distributed microphone array is proposed. Specifically, the space of interest is divided into some labeled positions, and the candidate generalized cross correlation function in each node is treated as the feature mapped into the hidden nodes of extreme learning machine. During the training phase, by the implementation of kernel function, the output weights of the classifier are calculated and do not need to be tuned. After the kernel-based extreme learning machine (K-ELM) is well trained, the measured generalized cross correlation data are fed into the K-ELM classifier, and the output is the estimated acoustic source position. The proposed method needs less human intervention for both training and testing and it does not need to calibrate the node in advance. Simulation and real-world experimental results reveal that the proposed method has extremely fast training and testing speeds, and can obtain better localization performance than steered response power, K-nearest neighbor, and support vector machine methods.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2021, 46, 1; 67-78
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Localization of Sound Sources in Normal Hearing and in Hearing Impaired People
Autorzy:
Niewiarowicz, M.
Kaczmarek, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177064.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
localization of sound source
ADHA
angle of directional hearing
tinnitus
left-right answer system
Opis:
This article presents results of investigations of the angle of directional hearing acuity (ADHA) as a measure of the spatial hearing ability with a special emphasis on people with hearing impairments. A modified method proposed by Zakrzewski has been used – ADHA values have been determined for 8 azimuths in the horizontal plane at the height of the listeners’ head. The two-alternative-forced-choice method (2AFC), based on a new system of listeners’ responses (left – right instead of no difference – difference in location of sound sources) was the procedure used in the experiment. Investigations were carried out for two groups of subjects: normal hearing people (9 persons) and hearing impaired people (sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus – 9 persons). In the experiment different acoustic signals were used: sinu- soidal signals (pure tones), 1/3 octave noise, amplitude modulated 1/3 octave noise, CCITT speech and traffic noises and signals corresponding to personal character of tinnitus for individual subjects. The results obtained in the investigations showed, in general, a better localization of the sound source for noise type signals than those for tonal signals. Inessential differences exist in ADHA values for particular signals between the two groups of subjects. On the other hand, significant differences for tinnitus signals and traffic noise signals were stated. A new system of listeners’ responses was used and appeared efficient (less dispersion of results compared to the standard system).
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 4; 683-694
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Matched-field Source Localization with a Mobile Short Horizontal Linear Array in Offshore Shallow Water
Autorzy:
Zhao, D.
Huang, Z.
Su, S.
Li, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177986.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
passive source localization
matched-field processing
inter-position processing
short horizontal array
shallow water
Opis:
Passive source localization in shallow water has always been an important and challenging problem. Implementing scientific research, surveying, and monitoring using a short, less than ten meter long, horizontal linear array has received considerable attention in the recent years. The short array can be conveniently placed on autonomous underwater vehicles and deployed for adaptive spatial sampling. However, it is usually difficult to obtain a sufficient spatial gain for localizing long-range sources due to its limited physical size. To address this problem, a localization approach is proposed which is based on matched-field processing of the likelihood of the passive source localization in shallow water, as well as inter-position processing for the improved localization performance and the enhanced stability of the estimation process. The ability of the proposed approach is examined through the two-dimensional synthetic test cases which involves ocean environmental mismatch and position errors of the short array. The presented results illustrate the localization performance for various source locations at different signal- to-noise ratios and demonstrate the build up over time of the positional parameters of the estimated source as the short array moves at a low speed along a straight line at a certain depth.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2013, 38, 1; 105-113
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examination of the Effect of a Sound Source Location on the Steady-State Response of a Two-Room Coupled System
Autorzy:
Meissner, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177058.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
coupled room system
steady-state room response
potential and kinetic energy densities
localization of modes
Opis:
In this paper, the computer modelling application based on the modal expansion method is developed to study the influence of a sound source location on a steady- state response of coupled rooms. In the research, an eigenvalue problem is solved numerically for a room system consisting of two rectangular spaces connected to one another. A numerical procedure enables the computation of shape and frequency of eigenmodes, and allows one to predict the potential and kinetic energy densities in a steady-state. In the first stage, a frequency room response for several source positions is investigated, demonstrating large deformations of this response for strong and weak modal excitations. Next, a particular attention is given to studying how the changes in a source position influence the room response when a source frequency is tuned to a resonant frequency of a strongly localized mode.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 4; 761-775
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Combination of Spectrum Subtraction and Cross-power Spectrum Phase Method for Time Delay Estimation
Autorzy:
Bin, Feng
Lei, Xu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177562.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
sound source localization
time delay estimation
generalized cross correlation
phase of cross power spectrum
spectral subtraction
Opis:
In order to solve the problem of large error of delay estimation in low SNR environment, a new delay estimation method based on cross power spectral frequency domain weighting and spectrum subtraction is proposed. Through theoretical analysis and MATLAB simulation, among the four common weighting functions, it is proved that the cross-power spectral phase weighting method has a good sharpening effect on the peak value of the cross-correlation function, and it is verified that the improved spectral subtraction method generally has a good noise reduction effect under different SNR environments. Finally, the joint simulation results of the whole algorithm show that the combination of spectrum subtraction and cross-power spectrum phase method can effectively sharpen the peak value of cross-correlation function and improve the accuracy of time delay estimation in the low SNR environment. The results of this paper can provide useful help for sound source localization in complex environments.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2020, 45, 3; 453-458
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microphone Based Acoustic Vector Sensor for Direction Finding with Bias Removal
Autorzy:
Wajid, Mohd
Kumar, Arun
Bahl, Rajendar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
acoustic measurements
acoustic sensor
acoustic vector sensor
direction-of-arrival estimation
finite element analysis
microphones
particle velocity
sound source localization
Opis:
The acoustic vector sensor (AVS) is used to measure the acoustic intensity, which gives the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of an acoustic source. However, while estimating the DOA from the measured acoustic intensity the finite microphone separation (d) in a practical AVS causes angular bias. Also, in the presence of noise there exists a trade off between the bias (strictly increasing function of d) and variance (strictly decreasing function of d) of the DOA estimate. In this paper, we propose a novel method for mitigating the angular bias caused due to finite microphone separation in an AVS. We have reduced the variance by increasing the microphone separation and then removed the bias with the proposed bias model. Our approach employs the finite element method (FEM) and curves fitting to model the angular bias in terms of microphone separations and frequency of a narrowband signal. Further, the bias correction algorithm based on the intensity spectrum has been proposed to improve the DOA estimation accuracy of a broadband signal. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed bias correction scheme significantly reduces the angular bias and improves the root mean square angular error (RMSAE) in the presence of noise. Experiments have been performed in an acoustic full anechoic room to corroborate the effect of microphone separation on DOA estimation and the efficacy of the bias correction method.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2022, 47, 2; 151-167
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Objectivization of Audio-Visual Correlation Analysis
Autorzy:
Kunka, B.
Kostek, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177202.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sound perception
sound source localization
virtual sound source shifting
bi-modal perception
cross-modal perception
image proximity effect
ventriloquism effect
visual attention
perceptual illusion
eye-gaze tracking
Opis:
Simultaneous perception of audio and visual stimuli often causes concealment or misrepresentation of information actually contained in these stimuli. Such effects are called the "image proximity effect" or the "ventriloquism effect" in the literature. Until recently, most research carried out to understand their nature was based on subjective assessments. The authors of this paper propose a methodology based on both subjective and objectively retrieved data. In this methodology, objective data reflect the screen areas that attract most attention. The data were collected and processed by an eye-gaze tracking system. To support the proposed methodology, two series of experiments were conducted – one with a commercial eye-gaze tracking system Tobii T60, and another with the Cyber-Eye system developed at the Multimedia Systems Department of the Gdańsk University of Technology. In most cases, the visual-auditory stimuli were presented using a 3D video. It was found that the eye-gaze tracking system did objectivize the results of experiments. Moreover, the tests revealed a strong correlation between the localization of a visual stimulus on which a participant’s gaze focused and the value of the "image proximity effect". It was also proved that gaze tracking may be useful in experiments which aim at evaluation of the proximity effect when presented visual stimuli are stereoscopic.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2012, 37, 1; 63-72
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15

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