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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    On a Combinatorial Aspect of Fashion
    Autorzy:
    Krawczyk, M.
    Kułakowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400175.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-03
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    89.65.-s
    07.05.Tp
    Opis:
    Simulations are performed according to the Axelrod model of culture dissemination, with modified mechanism of repulsion. Previously, repulsion was considered by Radillo-Diaz et al. as dependent on a predefined threshold. Here the probabilities of attraction and repulsion are calculated from the number of cells in the same states. We also investigate the influence of some homogeneity, introduced to the initial state. As the result of the probabilistic definition of repulsion, the ordered state vanishes. A small cluster of a few percent of population is retained only if in the initial state a set of agents is prepared in the same state. We conclude that the modelled imitation is successful only with respect to agents, and not only their features.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 3; 560-563
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Opinion Formation in an Open System and the Spiral of Silence
    Autorzy:
    Gawroński, P.
    Nawojczyk, M.
    Kułakowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1388390.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-03
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    02.50.-y
    89.65.-s
    05.40.Fb
    Opis:
    A new model is formulated of the sociological effect of the spiral of silence, introduced by Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann in 1974. The probability that a new opinion is openly expressed decreases with the difference between this new opinion and the perceived opinion of the majority. We also assume that the system is open, i.e. some people enter and some leave during the process of the opinion formation. An influence of a leader is simulated by a comparison of two runs of the simulation, where the leader has different opinion in each run. The difference of the mean expressed opinions in these two runs persists long after the leader's leave.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 3A; A-45-A-50
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    If Others Jump to the Queue Front, How Long I Will Wait?
    Autorzy:
    Krawczyk, M.
    Gronek, P.
    Nawojczyk, M.
    Kułakowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402647.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-03
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    02.50.Tt
    05.40.Fb
    89.65.-s
    Opis:
    Two models of a queue are proposed: a human queue and two lines of vehicles before a narrowing. In both models, a queuer tries to evaluate his waiting time, taking into account the delay caused by intruders who jump to the queue front. As the collected statistics of such events is very limited, the evaluation can give very long times. The results provide an example, when direct observations should be supplemented by an inference from the context.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 127, 3A; A-95-A-98
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetostriction of Atom Pairs
    Autorzy:
    Kułakowski, K.
    Maksymowicz, A. Z.
    Magdoń, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931338.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1994-05
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    75.80.+q
    Opis:
    We calculated one-electron hopping contribution to two-ion magnetic anisotropy and shape magnetostriction in amorphous 3d-alloys. Calculations were performed in the narrow band limit and include spin-orbit coupling, the Zeeman orbital and spin magnetic moments terms with possible partial effective quenching of the orbital magnetic moments in metals. The parameters for numerical calculations are expected to correspond to pairs of Fe atoms with the spin-orbit coupling A= 0.03 eV and hopping integrals of about 3 eV. The magnetic anisotropy K changes its sign at some value Δ$\text{}_{K}$ of effective magnetic splitting Δ proportional to the magnetization. Then the local easy axis which is parallel to the direction of the pair for small Δ switches to perpendicular easy plane case. K is nearly linear vs. Δ for small Δ and varies roughly as Δ$\text{}^{3}$ for large splitting. The dependence of magnetostriction B on Δ is similar to that of magnetic anisotropy K(Δ). For small values of Δ the coefficient B is also linear. Magnetostriction changes its sign at Δ$\text{}_{B}$ and becomes positive for Δ greater than Δ$\text{}_{K}$.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 1994, 85, 5; 869-873
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evacuation in the Social Force Model is not Stationary
    Autorzy:
    Gawroński, P.
    Kułakowski, K.
    Kämpf, M.
    Kantelhardt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1409031.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012-02
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    89.75.Fb
    05.40.-a
    05.45.Tp
    89.40.Bb
    Opis:
    An evacuation process is simulated within the Social Force Model. Thousand pedestrians are leaving a room by one exit. We investigate the stationarity of the distribution of time lags between instants when two successive pedestrians cross the exit. The exponential tail of the distribution is shown to gradually vanish. Taking fluctuations apart, the time lags decrease in time till there are only about 50 pedestrians in the room, then they start to increase. This suggests that at the last stage the flow is laminar. In the first stage, clogging events slow the evacuation down. As they are more likely for larger crowds, the flow is not stationary. The data are investigated with detrended fluctuation analysis and return interval statistics, and no pattern transition is found between the stages of the process.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 2B; B-77-B-81
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Heaping Effect in the Survey Data on the Number of Friends
    Autorzy:
    Nawojczyk, M.
    Stojkow, M.
    Żuchowska-Skiba, D.
    Krawczyk, M.
    Kułakowski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1029538.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-06
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    social systems
    random walk
    exit time
    incomplete knowledge
    Opis:
    The number of acquaintances is relevant for modeling social networks. Here we consider the data on the declared number of friends, as collected in 2000, 2007 and 2015 from Polish respondents above the age of 50. We demonstrate that the answers on the number of friends show sharp maxima at 10, 15, 20 and sometimes 30, which accompany a broader peak between 0 and 8. These results do not change qualitatively with sex and age of the respondents. The effect, known as data heaping, can be detected as a deviation from the Benford law.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2018, 133, 6; 1417-1420
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Metastable Magnetic Structures in the Blume-Capel Model
    Autorzy:
    Kułakowski, K.
    Antoniuk, M.
    Del Moral, A.
    Gawroński, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013716.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2000-05
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    05.70.Fh
    75.10.Hk
    75.30.Kz
    Opis:
    We discuss a first-order phase transition from non-magnetic to magnetic phase at T=0. New results are presented on a spontaneously formed magnetic phase and its energy in the C15 atomic structure, in the presence of the antiferromagnetic interaction. A dynamic phase diagram is constructed for the phase transition. The results are discussed in the context of the pressure-driven phase transition, which was observed experimentally in YMn$\text{}_{2}$.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2000, 97, 5; 893-896
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Naming boys after U.S. presidents in 20th century
    Autorzy:
    Kułakowski, K.
    Kulczycki, P.
    Misztal, K.
    Dydejczyk, A.
    Gronek, P.
    Krawczyk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075471.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-05
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    89.20.-a
    89.65.Cd
    Opis:
    This paper deals with the popularity of given names in the United States, for the period 1885-2009. Based on the data obtained from the website of U.S. Social Security Administration, it was demonstrated that the fashion of naming babies after the incumbent American president passed away in the '60s. At the same time, however, examples were given, mainly concerning celebrities, after whom babies are still named. The above theses were strengthened with the aid of quantitative data analysis by constructing an index dedicated to the specifics of the task under investigation. The obtained results were discussed in the terms of the rally effect and of the Simmel theory of fashion.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 5; 1038-1044
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Strategies in Crowd and Crowd Structure
    Autorzy:
    Gawroński, P.
    Malarz, K.
    Krawczyk, M.
    Malinowski, J.
    Kupczak, A.
    Sikora, W.
    Kułakowski, K.
    Wąs, J.
    Kantelhardt, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1400168.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013-03
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
    Tematy:
    02.50.Le
    89.65.-s
    05.45.-a
    Opis:
    In an emergency situation, imitation of strategies of neighbours can lead to an order-disorder phase transition, where spatial clusters of pedestrians adopt the same strategy. We assume that there are two strategies, cooperating and competitive, which correspond to a smaller or larger desired velocity. The results of our simulations within the Social Force Model indicate that the ordered phase can be detected as an increase of spatial order of positions of the pedestrians in the crowd.
    Źródło:
    Acta Physica Polonica A; 2013, 123, 3; 522-525
    0587-4246
    1898-794X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Physica Polonica A
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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