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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 120
Tytuł:
Scattering Theory for the Quantum Envelope of a Classical System
Autorzy:
Sudarshan, E. C. G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931276.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
03.20.+i
46.10.+z
Opis:
Classical dynamics, reformulated in terms of its quantum envelope is studied for the stationary states of the interacting system. The dynamical variable of "elapsed time" plays a crucial role in this study. It is shown that the perturbation series for the elapsed time can be summed in various simple cases even when standard perturbation series diverge. For the special class of systems where the interactions fall off sufficiently fast at infinity, one could define "in" and "out" states; and consequently the wave matrices and scattering matrices. The scattering phase shifts bear a simple relation to the time delay in scattering.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1994, 85, 4; 725-740
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Solvatochromic Effect in a Benzimidazole-Based Betaine: Determination of the Dipole Moments and Second-Order Hyperpolarizability
Autorzy:
Ziółek, L.
Palewska, K.
Lipiński, J.
Sworakowski, J.
Nes̆půrek, S.
Böhm, S.
Meister, E. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933559.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
42.70.Jk
33.20.-t
42.65.An
78.40.-q
Opis:
Results of measurements of the solvent-dependent shift of the low-energy absorption band solvatochromic effect in a benzimidazole-based betaine are reported in the paper. Measurements of absorption spectra in several solvents of different polarities were performed. The solvatochromic shift of the low-lying absorption band was found to exceed 3000 cm$\text{}^{-1}$; the results obtained were then employed to calculate the ground- and excited-state dipole moment of the molecule. The spectroscopic measurements were supplemented by measurements of the ground-state dipole moment. A remarkable change in the charge distribution was found to occur upon the electronic excitation: both the experimental results and the calculations indicate that the ground-state dipole moment is close to 13 D, whereas in the excited state it amounts to ca. 3 D. The second-order hyperpolarizability of the molecule was calculated from the measurements; its off-resonance value amounts to ca. 20 × 10$\text{}^{-40}$ m$\text{}^{4}$/V (4.8 × 10$\text{}^{-30}$ esu), depending on the solvent used.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1995, 88, 2; 283-293
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optical Study of MBE Grown Undoped Si-Si$\text{}_{1-x}$Ge$\text{}_{x}$/Si Superlattices
Autorzy:
Gnezdilov, V. P.
Mironov, M.
Yshakov, V.
Mironov, O. A.
Phillips, P. J.
Parker, E. H. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1952678.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996-11
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
78.30.-j
78.66.-w
78.66.Db
Opis:
Raman spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry have been used to characterize Si/Si$\text{}_{0.78}$Ge$\text{}_{0.22}$ superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy on (001)Si at different substrate temperatures. The results are interpreted to give information on material and interface quality, layer thicknesses, and state of strain. The observed frequencies of zone-folded longitudinal acoustic phonons in a high quality sample agree well with those calculated using Rytov's theory of acoustic vibrations in layered media.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1996, 90, 5; 1045-1049
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Atmospheric Aerosols Using the Lisbon Nuclear Microprobe
Autorzy:
Rita, E. M. C.
Alves, L. C.
Reis, M. A.
Rodrigues, F.
Fialho, P.
Soares, J. C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2029003.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001-11
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
92.20.Bk
92.60.Mt
78.70.En
82.80.Yc
Opis:
The nuclear microprobe installed at Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear, in Lisbon, was used in the analysis of aerosols collected at the Azores islands. Samples from two different aerosol groups were analysed. One referred to aerosols that were carried from North America and the other one contained aerosols that were carried from the Sahara desert and crossed over Europe. Coarse and fine fractions were analysed for each aerosol group and two-dimensional elemental maps were constructed, which allowed the identification of several individual particles. For particles of interest, elemental spatial correlations and dimensions were determined and point analysis was also carried out (depth information was achieved by fitting Rutherford backscattering spectra). Some of these particles are quite interesting. For instance, in the fine fraction of the aerosols that were carried from North America, particles were found with Cu and Cl in the atomic proportion 1:2 and with dimensions 15×15×15μm$\text{}^{3}$, and in the corresponding coarse fraction a particle with K and S was identified, with dimensions 28×35×30μm$\text{}^{3}$. Some differences were found between the aerosols groups. One example of these are Ti particles (fine fraction) and Rb (coarse fraction) that were identified in one group (Sahara desert and Europe), but not in the other
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2001, 100, 5; 781-788
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Piezoelectric Effect in Coherently Strained B-Doped (001)SiGe/Si Heterostructures
Autorzy:
Knizhny, V. I.
Mironov, O. A.
Makarovskii, O. A.
Braithwaite, G.
Mattey, N. L.
Parker, E. H. C.
Phillips, P. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933806.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
73.50.Rb
73.61.Cw
73.50.Μx
Opis:
We report on two methods which illustrate piezoelectric effects in the strained Si (100)Si $\text{}_{1-x}$/Ge$\text{}_{x}$ system. The non-contact sound excitation technique has been used to reveal the conversion of a high-frequency electric field E into acoustic waves at 77 K which can also be modulated by a dc applied bias voltage (±30 V). The sample was an MBE grown modulation doped Si $\text{}_{0.88}$Ge$\text{}_{0.12}$/(001)Si structure with a carrier sheet density 2.0 × 10 $\text{}^{11}$ cm$\text{}^{-2}$ and a 4.2 K mobility 10500 cm$\text{}^{2}$ V$\text{}^{-1}$ s$\text{}^{-1}$. We deduce that the observed high-frequency electric field acoustic wave conversion is associated with a piezoelectric-like effect possibly due to ordering in the strained SiGe alloy or symmetry breaking effect near Si/SiGe interface. Further evidence is provided by the existence of a piezoelectric phonon interaction in the hot hole energy relaxation mechanism determined from high electric field Shubnikov de Haas He$\text{}^{3}$ low temperature measurements.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1995, 88, 4; 779-782
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Two-Dimensional Hole Gas at Si/SiGe/Si Inverted Interface
Autorzy:
Sadeghzadeh, M. A.
Mironov, O. A.
Emeleus, C. J.
Parry, C. P.
Phillips, P. J.
Parker, E. H. C.
Whall, T. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1992074.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
73.20.Fz
Opis:
We have studied the transport properties of a two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) at the inverted interface of a strained Si$\text{}_{0.8}$Ge$\text{}_{0.2}$ quantum well. By application of a bias voltage to a Schottky gate on top of this inverted heterostructure the 2DHG density n$\text{}_{s}$ can be controlled, in the range of (1.5-5.2)×10$\text{}^{11}$ cm$\text{}^{-2}$. At a temperature T=0.33 K, the Hall mobility is 4650 cm$\text{}^{2}$ V$\text{}^{-1}$ s$\text{}^{-1}$ at the maximum carrier density. For lower sheet densities (n$\text{}_{s}$<2×10$\text{}^{11}$ cm$\text{}^{-2}$) the system undergoes a transition from a weak to strongly localised phase of significantly reduced mobility. From low temperature Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation measurements we have extracted the hole effective masses m*=(0.25 → 0.28)m$\text{}_{0}$ and the ratio of transport to quantum lifetimes α=(0.92 → 0.85) for the corresponding carrier density change of n$\text{}_{s}$=(5.2 → 2.5)×10$\text{}^{11}$ cm$\text{}^{-2}$. These results can be explained in terms of the abnormal movement of the hole wave function towards the interface with decreasing n$\text{}_{s}$, short range interface charge and interface roughness scattering.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1998, 94, 3; 503-508
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Scanning Force Microscopy on Laser Ablated Silicon Nitride Films
Autorzy:
Vrînceanu, C.
Flueraru, C.
Dinescu, M.
Vasile, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1964170.pdf
Data publikacji:
1997-05
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.16.Ch
61.16.Bg
68.55.Jk
Opis:
The following paper presents a study on laser-ablated silicon nitride films, obtained by the laser reactive ablation method. The aim of this paper is to investigate silicon nitride film surfaces, first by scanning electron microscopy and then, at a better resolution and a greater magnification, by the scanning (atomic) force microscopy technique.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 1997, 91, 5; 1009-1014
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of Uncertainty Contributions of Measurement Surface and Number of Microphone Positions in Determination of Sound Power Levels
Autorzy:
Bilgic, E.
Mutaf, H.
Kirbas, C.
Sadikoglu, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031890.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
06.20.Dk
06.20.fb
Opis:
Sound power level of a noise source is determined by means of sound pressure level or sound intensity level measurements performed in accordance to relevant ISO standards. The determination of sound power level according to ISO 3744, 3745 and 3746 standards is used for free field or for approximated free field conditions. Kinds of measurement surfaces, enveloping the noise source, number of microphones and their positions over the measurement surface are stated in the applied ISO standard. The effects of measurement surface and number of microphone positions on the determination of sound power level were investigated theoretically. As a measurement surface; hemisphere, parallelepiped rectangular box and cylindrical surfaces were selected. Key and additional microphone positions were taken into account in the calculations as well. Sound pressure levels of a commercially available reference sound source were measured in hemi-anechoic room using FFT with 4 Hz steps and also at 1/1, 1/3, 1/12 and 1/24 octave bands for all surfaces defined in ISO 3744 and 3746 standards. Sound power level, directivity index and uncertainty contributions resulting from measurement surfaces and number of microphone positions were calculated by using data obtained in measurements. In this paper the theoretical and experimental results are presented.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 132, 3; 642-649
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Novel metal(II) complexes with bidentate Schiff base ligand: Synthesis, spectroscopic properties and dye decolorization functions
Autorzy:
Karakaya, C.
Dede, B.
Cicek, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1065151.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.20.Ka
82.80.-d
89.60.-k
Opis:
The bidentate Schiff base ligand 4-chloro-2-[1-(4-phenylphenyl)ethylideneamino]phenol and its mononuclear Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes have been synthesized. Ligand and metal complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility, molar conductivity, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR, the Fourier transform infrared, UV-Vis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetric studies. The results suggest that the mononuclear complexes have a metal to ligand mole ratio of 1:2 and the metal(II) ions are coordinated with the phenolic oxygen and imine nitrogen atoms. Octahedral structures are proposed for the complexes of the Schiff base ligand. Furthermore, the complexes were checked for their efficiency to decolorize the dye methylene blue. In our experiments we found that metal(II) complexes had an acceptable decolorization efficiency against the dye methylene blue.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 129, 2; 208-212
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A bias reducing approach for some robust estimators by predicting roughness in case of kernel estimation
Autorzy:
Gündüz, N.
Aydın, C.
Başar, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1070350.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
02.70.Rr
02.50.-r
Opis:
In the density estimation it is known that estimators are heavily biased. We applied a bias reducing approach to improve some quantile estimators for Weibull distribution having different parameter values and contamination level. In this study, we estimate the bias for any quantile value and obtained biased reduced smoothed distribution function by simulation study for random samples of size 40. Then, the mean square error of some robust quantile estimators and variances are obtained from biased reduced smoothed distribution function. Furthermore, we obtained sampling distribution of roughness and sampling distribution of estimated bias related some quantile estimators.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2016, 130, 1; 422-427
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Wind Turbine Infrasound Emission on Subjectively Rated Activation Level
Autorzy:
Kasprzak, C.
Skrodzka, E.
Wiciak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1197517.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
87.50.Y-
43.28.Dm
87.19.Lr
Opis:
The problem of low-frequency acoustic waves emitted by wind turbine farms has become a great challenge to acousticians in Europe for more than 20 years. In Poland wind farm industry is growing rapidly and generates questions about the influence of such sounds on human organism. A short survey of previously published reports concerning subjectively perceived influence of wind turbines on people living next to wind farms is given together with the results of the Thayer's test measuring the difference in activation level before and after exposition on infrasound wave generated by a wind turbine. Statistically significant increase of the High Activation Level representing a tension type arousal has been revealed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 125, 4A; A-45-A-48
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance of Some Robust Estimators for the Weibull Distribution
Autorzy:
Gündüz, N.
Başar, E.
Aydin, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1401976.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
02.70.Rr
02.50.-r
Opis:
In this study, we consider some of univariate quantile-based robust estimators. We focus on the estimators such as median, interquartile range, quartile and octile skewness for the Weibull distribution which is one of the most widely applied probability function because of its versatility and relative simplicity. It is important to use robust estimators as a measure of distribution properties for analyzing data in the case of contamination with outliers. For small data sets, it is reported that by introducing kernel estimation for smoothing empirical distribution function, a reduction in mean square error of estimator is achieved by Fernholz (1997) and Hubert et al. (2013). In kernel estimation, it is well known that bandwidth selection is more important than selection of kernel density since bandwidth controls the smoothness of the estimated distribution function. Using simulation studies, we examine some quantile-based estimators for the Weibull distribution with various sample size. The performance of estimators is measured by mean squared error under Different outlier contaminated data. We applied this idea in the case of real data.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2015, 128, 2B; B-203-B-207
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interplays between Mesoscopic Josephson Junctions and the Harper Equation
Autorzy:
Papp, E.
Micu, C.
Bica, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1791195.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
73.21.Cd
74.50.+r
74.78.Na
Opis:
Proofs are given that by resorting to the discretization of the superconducting phase variable leads to the conversion of the eigenvalue equation of a mesoscopic Josephson junction under a dc voltage into a generalized version of the Harper equation with anisotropy parameter. A full conversion proceeds, however, in terms of selected parameters. Classical limits and further generalizations are also shortly discussed.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 116, 4; 486-488
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Ion-Matter Interaction with Swift Heavy Ions in the Light of Inelastic Thermal Spike Model
Autorzy:
Toulemonde, M.
Dufour, C.
Paumier, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-03
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.80.Az
61.80.Jh
Opis:
A description of the inelastic thermal spike model is presented in order to correlate the energy deposited by swift heavy ions to the nanometric matter transformation induced in inorganic metallic and insulating materials. Knowing that insulator is more sensitive than metallic material and that amorphous material is in general more sensitive than a crystalline one, it appears evident that the electron-phonon coupling constant g plays a key role. It will be shown that in metallic material we are able to describe different phenomena with the same value of g: for example, track formation with defect annealing or sputtering of atoms. In insulators the emphasis is made on results obtained for amorphizable materials like SiO$\text{}_{2}$ quartz and for non-amorphizable ionic crystals like CaF$\text{}_{2}$. Assuming that tracks result from a transient thermal process, a quantitative development of the model is proposed using the electron-atom mean free pathλ (inversely proportional to the square root of g) as a free parameter. With this parameter it is possible to quantitatively describe track radii in a wide range of ion velocities - whatever the bonding character of the crystal is - assuming specific criteria: tracks may result from a rapid quenching of a cylinder of matter in which the energy deposited on the lattice has overcome either the energy necessary to reach a quasi-molten phase in the case of amorphizable materials or the vaporization energy in the case of non-amorphizable materials. The evolution of theλ parameter of the considered insulator decreases versus the band gap energy. In this model, velocity effect, and a link between track formation and sputtering of atoms is established for amorphizable insulators while open questions appear for ionic crystals.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2006, 109, 3; 311-322
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
FTIR Study of Multifunctional Coatings
Autorzy:
Paluszkiewicz, C.
Długoń, E.
Kwiatek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1490258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
82.80.Gk
81.15.Pq
68.37.Yz
82.80.Dx
78.30.Er
Opis:
Nanoparticles of hydroxyapatite (HAp) or tricalcium phosphates (TCP) connected with fibrous phase create biomimetic system between the natural fibrous and ceramic materials building a bone. Chemical bonding between the implant and host tissue takes place through the phosphate layer, which is created on the bioactive implant surface when in contact with the body fluids environment. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy can yield microstructural information on the segment level complementary to the morphological information acquired from X-ray scattering as well as electron microscopy. The Fourier transform infrared method is applied to study thin films on different substrates. Moreover, the Fourier transform infrared microscope technique allows to obtain surface and cross-section maps in reflection and transmission modes. This leads to visualization of chemical imaging between substrates and films. In this work, the coatings with different addition of nanohydroxyapatite were deposited by electrodeposition method on titanium and Ti6Al4V alloys. Additionally, sublayers, such as $TiO_2$, were used to increase hydroxyapatite coating adhesion. The selection of suspension composition, depositing time and layer heat treatment conditions have the conclusive influence on the films parameters. All these experimental parameters were monitored during the sample preparation procedure. Changes in phase composition of biomaterials were determined by the Fourier transform infrared reflection technique based on focal plane array detection system. It has been found that results obtained by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy show the differences between the studied samples as well as that optimum time of HAp deposition was 90 s.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 121, 2; 551-554
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 120

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