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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Archaeopteryx and its paleoecology
    Autorzy:
    Hecht, M.K.
    Tarsitano, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22824.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    1983
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Opis:
    The various reptilian relationships of Archaeopteryx are reviewed. Crocodilian and theropod ancestry for Archaeopteryx and therefore birds is rejected because of the specialized morphology of both these taxa. In contrast the known morphology of certain thecodonts provides the necessary features from which the primitive avian morphology of Archaeopteryx can be derived. The origin of flight in birds is discussed within the context of the ecological setting of the Solnhofen environment. The primitive level of the flight morphology of Archaeopteryx is used to interpret the flight capabilities of these early birds.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 1983, 28, 1-2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evolution of reproductive strategies in dictyopteran insects-clues from ovipositor morphology of extinct roachoids
    Autorzy:
    Hornig, M.K.
    Haug, C.
    Schneider, J.W.
    Haug, J.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20361.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Opis:
    Dictyoptera, which comprises cockroaches, termites and mantids, is a quite successful group of insects in evolutionary terms with a long fossil record—roachoid insects were already abundant 315 million years ago in the Carboniferous forests. One of the most remarkable autapomorphies of extant dictyopterans, and possibly a major factor for their persisting success, is the ability to produce oothecae. Despite the robustness of this sort of egg package, fossils of oothecae are very rare, the oldest direct evidences being from the Cretaceous Crato Formation in Brazil (115 mya). The ability to produce oothecae is presumably linked to a specific ovipositor morphology, including a significant length reduction. Hence, ovipositor morphology can indirectly inform about the reproductive strategy of a species. Herein we describe the ovipositor morphology of various fossil forms of dictyopteran insects. Early fossil roachoids, in contrast to the modern forms, possessed a very long and prominent ovipositor, reminiscent of the ovipositor in orthopterans (Ensifera), indicating that these forms laid individual, rather small eggs into a substrate. We present examples from different fossil deposits, which show the entire range of ovipositor morphologies, from very long forms over forms with ovipositors partly reduced in length to modernappearing morphologies. Most remarkably, different shapes of ovipositors seem to be present in roachoids in the fauna of the 115 million years old Crato Formation—species with long prominent ovipositors co-existed with species with a reduced short and broad ovipositor. Additionally, females that carry oothecae attached to their abdomen indicate a third type of ovipositor: a further reduced ovipositor as seen in modern forms, which already allowed the internal production of oothecae.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2018, 63, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    First known gigantic sea turtle from the Maastrichtian deposits in Egypt
    Autorzy:
    Abu El-Kheir, G.A.-M
    Abdelgawad, M.K.
    Kassab, W.G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082330.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Testudines
    Panchelonioidea
    Cheloniidae
    humerus
    Cretaceous
    Maastrichtian
    Dakhla
    Abu Minqar
    Egypt
    Opis:
    The Maastrichtian deposits in Egypt and generally in Africa contain very few records of chelonioids. This scarcity hinders understanding the evolution and extinction of African chelonioids during this age. The Dakhla Basin in Egypt presents excellent Maastrichtian outcrops that consist of highly fossiliferous, calcareous siltstone and sandstone layers rich in ammonites, bivalves (Exogyra overwagi, Pycnodonta vesicularis, pectinids), gastropods, echinoids, corals, fossilized fruits of mangrove plants (Nypa) and vertebrate remains. The well-preserved humerus of giant turtle and other vertebrate remains have been discovered in the early late Maastrichtian Ammonite Hill Member of the Dakhla Formation in the Abu Minqar area, Southern Western Desert, Egypt. The Ammonite Hill Member was deposited in very shallow coastal, inner neritic to littoral environments. The well-preserved giant humerus represents the first record of gigantic Mesozoic chelonioids in Africa and the second record of chelonioids in the Maastrichtian deposits in Egypt. The present specimen contributes to fill the missing gaps in the history of Egyptian turtles from the Cretaceous through the Cenozoic.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2021, 66, 2; 349-355
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new glimpse on trophic interactions of 100-million-year old lacewing larvae
    Autorzy:
    Hornig, M.K.
    Kiesmuller, C.
    Muller, P.
    Haug, C.
    Haug, J.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082238.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Neuroptera
    Nymphidae
    food-web reconstruction
    Burmese amber
    larvae
    syninclusions
    Cretaceous
    Myanmar
    Opis:
    Larvae of lacewings (Neuroptera) are known to be fierce predators. According to the morphology of fossil forms this seems to have been the case already in the Early Cretaceous. While being predators, lacewing larvae are also food items for other organisms. Here we report two pieces of amber from Myanmar providing instances of such cases. In one amber piece several isolated stylets of lacewing larvae are preserved closely associated together. The most likely interpretation is that a predator preying on lacewing larvae has regurgitated or defecated these non-digestible pieces, yet the identity of the predator remains unclear. The other amber piece preserves a larva resembling modern day larvae of split-footed lacewings (Nymphidae). The larva has projections on its trunk, allowing it to wear a camouflaging cloak. In the head region, a mite (Acari) is attached to the larva; more precisely, the entire anterior body region of the mite is apparently inserted into the lacewing larva. The mite is smaller than the larva. It is known from the modern fauna that stage 1 larvae of Ascalaphidae can be attacked also by rather small predators, such as ants. The mite can therefore well be interpreted as a true predator instead of a parasite, especially considering the unusual mode of attachment. We briefly review interactions of lacewing larvae with other organisms represented in amber from Myanmar and add two new pieces to the puzzle of reconstructing the trophic interactions in the 100-million-year old amber forest.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2020, 65, 4; 777-786
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Hands, feet, and behaviour in Pinacosaurus (Dinosauria: Ankylosauridae)
    Autorzy:
    Currie, P.J.
    Badamgarav, D.
    Koppelhus, E.B.
    Sissons, R.
    Vickaryous, M.K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21347.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    hand
    foot
    animal behaviour
    Pinacosaurus
    Dinosauria
    Ankylosauridae
    Cretaceous
    Alag Teeg
    Mongolia
    Pinacosaurus grangeri
    dinosaur
    Pinacosaurus ninghsiensis
    Opis:
    Structure of the manus and pes has long been a source of confusion in ankylosaurs, owing to the imperfect preservation or complete lack of these parts of the skeletons in most specimens, and the fact that many species appear to have undergone a reduction in numbers of digits and phalanges. New specimens of Pinacosaurusfrom Alag Teeg in Mongolia confirm that the phalangeal formula of the manus is 2−3−3−3−2. However, there are only three toes in the pes, which has a phalangeal formula of X−3−3/4−3/4−X. Importantly, the number of phalanges in the third and fourth pedal digits can vary between either three or four per digit, even within the same specimen. The Alag Teeg site has yielded as many as a hundred skeletons of the ankylosaur Pinacosaurus, most of which were immature when they died. Each skeleton is preserved in an upright standing position, with the bones of the lower limbs often in articulation. The remainder of the skeleton, including the upper parts of the limbs, is generally disarticulated and somewhat scattered. Based on the presence of large numbers of juvenile Pinacosaurus specimens at Alag Teeg, as well as other Djadokhta−age sites (Ukhaa Tolgod in Mongolia, Bayan Mandahu in China), it seems juvenile Pinacosaurus were probably gregarious.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2011, 56, 3
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Identifying the oldest larva of a myrmeleontiformian lacewing-a morphometric approach
    Autorzy:
    Herrera-Florez, A.F.
    Braig, F.
    Haug, C.
    Neumann, C.
    Wunderlich, J.
    Hornig, M.K.
    Haug, J.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082151.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Insecta
    Myrmeleontidae
    Ascalaphidae
    compression fossil
    fossil larva
    Cretaceous
    Crato Formation
    Brazil
    Opis:
    Neuroptera is one of the smaller ingroups of Holometabola, the ingroup of Insecta characterised by “complete” metamorphosis. Neuroptera comprises about 6000 species in the modern fauna, but appears to have been more diverse in the past. While adults distantly resemble certain moths or damselflies, the larval forms of Neuroptera are mostly fierce predators with prominent venom-injecting stylets. The most well-known of these larvae are probably those of antlions. Antlions and their closer relatives (silky lacewings, split-footed lacewings, ribbon-winged lacewings, spoon-winged lacewings, and owlflies) form a distinct monophyletic ingroup of Neuroptera, Myrmeleontiformia, hence the antlion-like forms. The fossil record of antlion-like larvae dates back far into the Cretaceous; many forms are known by exceptionally wellpreserved specimens entrapped in amber. The oldest fossil record of a neuropteran larva (not an antlion-like form) comes from Lebanese amber. Interestingly, the supposedly oldest record of an antlion-like larva is preserved in rock and comes from the famous Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation. We re-evaluate this fossil based on high-resolution composite photography. Due to the non-availability of many key characters, standard procedures for identifying the specimen to a more narrow ingroup remains challenging. Therefore, we used a morphometric approach. A combination of non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), parallel coordinate plots and discriminant function analysis indicates that the fossil is a representative of the group Ascalaphidae (owlflies) + Myrmeleontidae (antlions). We discuss implications of this result for the fossil record of neuropteran larvae. These include the rather derived morphology of the oldest fossil larva of Myrmeleontiformia in contrast to previous expectations. Furthermore, fossils from soil dwellers can not only be expected to be found in amber, but also as compression fossils.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2020, 65, 2; 235-250
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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