Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "Influenza" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów
Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 30
Tytuł:
Antivirals - current trends in fighting influenza
Autorzy:
Król, Ewelina
Rychłowska, Małgorzata
Szewczyk, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
influenza virus
antivirals
novel anti-influenza drugs
antiviral therapy
inhibitors
Opis:
Influenza virus infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to the variable effectiveness of existing vaccines, especially in the early stages of an epidemic, antiviral drugs represent the first line of defense against the virus. Currently, there are two major classes of anti-influenza drugs approved by the FDA for clinical use: M2 protein inhibitors (amantadine and rimantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (zanamivir and oseltamivir). However, increasing resistance to these available influenza antivirals among circulating influenza viruses highlights the need to develop alternative approaches for the prevention and/or treatment of influenza. This review presents an overview of currently available drugs for influenza treatment as well as summarizes some new antiviral strategies that are now being tested covering agents targeting both the viral proteins and the host-virus interaction. We discuss their mechanisms of action, resistance and the therapeutic potential as new antiviral drug for use in future influenza pandemics. Additionally, combination therapy based on these drugs is also described.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 495-504
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors affecting decision concerning influenza vaccination among students of medical faculties
Autorzy:
Woźniak-Kosek, Agnieszka
Kempińska-Mirosławska, Bogumiła
Mendrycka, Mariola
Saracen, Agnieszka
Hoser, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039225.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
influenza
vaccination against influenza- knowledge
infections
students
Opis:
Influenza is one of the most common cyclic respiratory diseases in humans. Methods of prevention are multidirectional, but the most effective and most efficacious way to prevent influenza and its complications is through preventive vaccination. This work aims to determine different factors affecting the decision concerning influenza vaccine. The percentage of people vaccinated against the flu was evaluated, as well as their knowledge of post-influenza complications, etc. among full-time students and bridging studies of nursing and physiotherapy (full-time and part-time) at the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Radom, and students of medicine and pharmacy at the Medical University of Łódź. The research tool was the authors' questionnaire with 18 questions. The surveys conducted, consisting of multiple choice questions, were anonymous. In total, the survey involved 470 students. Overall, the number of people who were vaccinated against influenza in the 2012/13 epidemic season numbered 15 respondents, representing 5.84% of the total group of respondents. For the group of nursing students it was 6%, for physiotherapy students 5%, for students of medicine and pharmacy 14%. The percentage of respondents who said they would get vaccinated if the vaccinaton was free of charge was also low. Increasing the percentage of people vaccinated against influenza (immunization coverage) is a very important measure in preventing influenza epidemics. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the reasons why people are reluctant to be vaccinated against influenza, particularly among students who will work in the future in the health care services sector.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 4; 829-832
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influenza viruses resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors
Autorzy:
Nitsch-Osuch, Aneta
Brydak, Lidia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
influenza
resistance
neuraminidase inhibitors
Opis:
Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are antiviral drugs for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza. By blocking the activity of the enzyme neuraminidase, NAIs prevent new viral particles from being released. The increasing use of NAIs brings into focus the risk of drug resistance arising to the class. There are three levels of antiviral resistance according to the way that resistance can be detected or inferred: genotypic, phenotypic and clinical resistance. For many years seasonal influenza viruses resistance to NAIs was low (0.33%). Recently, there has been described an increasing number of resistant seasonal influenza strains to oseltamivir (2% in adults, 5-18% in children). In 2007 there were published data describing 14% resistant to oseltamivir strains of influenza A/H1N1/ in Europe. Approximately 0.5-1.0% of influenza A/H1N1/pdm09 isolates are currently resistant to oseltamivir. The established markers of the resistance to oseltamivir were found in 2.4% of human and 0.8% of avian isolates of influenza A/H5N1/. It has been not observed a cross resistance among oseltamivir and zanamivir. NAIs resistance in influenza viruses is relative and despite its presence patients with resistant viruses may still benefit from receiving these antivirals. The response to treatment with antivirals remains the most important proof of antiviral effectiveness. The rational use of NAIs is essential to preserve the best choice for treatment and prophylaxis of seasonal, avian and pandemic influenza.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 505-508
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influenza virus hemagglutinin as a vaccine antigen produced in bacteria
Autorzy:
Sączyńska, Violetta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039263.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
recombinant influenza hemagglutinin
recombinant influenza vaccine
subunit influenza vaccine
bacterial hemagglutinin
prokaryotic protein production
Opis:
Recombinant subunit vaccines based on hemagglutinin proteins produced in bacteria (bacterial HAs) are promising candidates for enhancing the supply of vaccines against influenza, especially for a pandemic. Over 20 years after the failure to obtain the antigen with native HA characteristics in the early 1980’s, there are increasing data on successful production of HA proteins in bacteria. The vast majority of bacterial HAs have been based on the HA1 subunit of HA expressed separately or as a component of conjugate vaccines, but those based on the ectodomain and the HA2 subunit have also been reported. The most of HAs have been efficiently expressed as insoluble aggregates called inclusion bodies. Refolded and purified proteins were extensively studied for structure, the ability to bind to sialic acid-containing receptors, antigenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy. The results from these studies contradict the view that glycosylation determines the correct structure of the hemagglutinin, as they proved that bacterial HAs can be valuable vaccine antigens when appropriate folding and purification methods are applied to rationally designed proteins. The best evidence for success in bacterial production of protective HA is that vaccines based on proprietary Toll-like Receptor (VaxInnate) and bacteriophage Qβ-VLPs (Cytos Biotechnology) technologies have been advanced to clinical studies.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 561-572
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In vivo reassortment of influenza viruses
Autorzy:
Urbaniak, Kinga
Markowska-Daniel, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
influenza A viruses
Opis:
The genetic material of influenza A virus consists of eight negative-sense RNA segments. Under suitable conditions, the segmented structure of the viral genome allows an exchange of the individual gene segments between different strains, causing formation of new reassorted viruses. For reassortment to occur, co-infection with two or more influenza virus strains is necessary. The reassortment is an important evolutionary mechanism which can result in antigenic shifts that modify host range, pathology, and transmission of the influenza A viruses. In this process, the influenza virus strain with epidemic and/or pandemic potential can be created. Cases of this kind were in 1957 (Asian flu), 1968 (Hong Kong flu) and recently in 2009 (Mexico). Viruses containing genes of avian, swine, and/or human origin are widespread around the world, for example the triple reassortant H1N1 virus causing the 2009 influenza pandemic in 2009 that has become a seasonal virus. The aim of the study is to present the mechanism of reassortment and the results of experimental co-infection with different influenza viruses.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 427-431
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vaccination against influenza in pregnant women
Autorzy:
Brydak, Lidia
Nitsch-Osuch, Aneta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039266.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
influenza
vaccination
pregnancy
Opis:
Pregnancy places otherwise healthy women at an increased risk of complications arising from an influenza infection. It is suggested that physiological changes such as immunological changes, increased cardiac output and oxygen consumption, as well as lung tidal volume might increase the susceptibility to influenza complications if infection occurs during pregnancy. Immunization of pregnant women against influenza is currently recommended in many countries and has been proven to be safe and effective in reducing rates and severity of the disease in vaccinated mothers and their children. Influenza vaccination is also cost-effective. Nevertheless, influenza vaccine coverage remains low in pregnant women. This might stem from the lack of healthcare workers' education, a feeling among the general public that influenza is not a serious disease and a failure of prenatal care providers to offer the vaccine. In order to protect pregnant women and infants from influenza related morbidity and mortality an educational programme targeting healthcare workers in charge of pregnant women should be implemented.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 589-591
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hemagglutinin stalk domain from H5N1 strain as a potentially universal antigen
Autorzy:
Uranowska, Karolina
Tyborowska, Jolanta
Jurek, Anna
Szewczyk, Bogusław
Gromadzka, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039261.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
H5N1
universal influenza antigen
hemagglutinin stalk domain
universal influenza antibodies
FI6
Opis:
Influenza A virus infections are the major public health concern and cause significant morbidity and mortality each year worldwide. Vaccination is the main strategy of influenza epidemic prevention. However, seasonal vaccines induce strain-specific immunity and must be reformulated annually based on prediction of the strains that will circulate in the next season. Thus, it is essential to develop vaccines that would induce broad and persistent immunity to influenza viruses. Hemagglutinin is the major surface antigen of the influenza virus. Recent studies revealed the importance of HA stalk-specific antibodies in neutralization of different influenza virus strains. Therefore, it is important to design an immunogen that would focus the immune response on the HA stalk domain in order to elicit neutralizing antibodies. In the present study, we report characterization of a conserved truncated protein, potentially a universal influenza virus antigen from the H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A virus strain. Our results indicate that exposure of the HA stalk domain containing conserved epitopes results in cross reactivity with different antibodies (against group 1 and 2 HAs). Additionally, we conclude that HA stalk domain contains not only conformational epitopes recognized by universal FI6 antibody, but also linear epitopes recognized by other antibodies.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 541-550
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A clinical utility of a strip test for influenza A/B and comparison with detection by RT PCR
Autorzy:
Miarka, Maciej
Horban, Andrzej
Maliszewska, Henryka
Biliński, Przemysław
Prus-Kowalczuk, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
A/H1N1/v influenza virus
strip test
influenza RT PCR
Opis:
Introduction and objective: In June 2009 the World Health Organization announced influenza pandemic caused by A/H1N1/v virus. It became crucial to recognize new cases of A/H1N1/v infection. An effective screening diagnostic procedure was needed for patients suffering from influenza-like symptoms for making an initial diagnosis and analyzing epidemiological pattern of infection. We used a strip test for influenza A/B as a screening diagnostic procedure for patients suffering from influenza-like symptoms for making an initial diagnosis. For comparison, RT PCR for detecting A/H1N1/v was performed. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and sensitivity of the strip test and its value for making initial diagnosis of influenza A/H1N1/v. Material and methods: Strip testing for the influenza A/B infection was performed on 1123 patients with influenza-like symptoms in the Admission Unit of the Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital in Warsaw. Strip test results were analyzed according to the age of patients and season of the year. For 97 patients strip test results for detecting A/H1N1 infection were compared with those obtained by RT PCR. Results: There were no statistically significant differences found between the methods and strip testing demonstrated sensitivity of 61% and specificity of 71%. Conclusions: No statistically significant differences were found between the two methods, however, strip test had low sensitivity and specificity.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 485-487
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influenza A viruses of avian origin circulating in pigs and other mammals
Autorzy:
Urbaniak, Kinga
Kowalczyk, Andrzej
Markowska-Daniel, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
influenza A viruses
hemagglutinin
neuraminidase
Opis:
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are zoonotic agents, capable of crossing the species barriers. Nowadays, they still constitute a great challenge worldwide. The natural reservoir of all influenza A viruses are wild aquatic birds, despite the fact they have been isolated from a number of avian and mammalian species, including humans. Even when influenza A viruses are able to get into another than waterfowl population, they are often unable to efficiently adapt and transmit between individuals. Only in rare cases, these viruses are capable of establishing a new lineage. To succeed a complete adaptation and further transmission between species, influenza A virus must overcome a species barrier, including adaptation to the receptors of a new host, which would allow the virus-cell binding, virus replication and, then, animal-to-animal transmission. For many years, pigs were thought to be intermediate host for adaptation of avian influenza viruses to humans, because of their susceptibility to infection with both, avian and human influenza viruses, which supported hypothesis of pigs as a 'mixing vessel'. In this review, the molecular factors necessary for interspecies transmission are described, with special emphasis on adaptation of avian influenza viruses to the pig population. In addition, this review gives the information about swine influenza viruses circulating around the world with special emphasis on Polish strains.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 433-439
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diversity of influenza-like illness etiology in Polish Armed Forces in influenza epidemic season
Autorzy:
Kocik, Janusz
Niemcewicz, Marcin
Winnicka, Izabela
Michalski, Aleksander
Bielawska-Drózd, Agata
Kołodziej, Marcin
Joniec, Justyna
Cieślik, Piotr
Graniak, Grzegorz
Mirski, Tomasz
Gaweł, Jerzy
Bielecka-Oder, Anna
Kubiak, Leszek
Russell, Kevin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
Influenza
ILI
surveillance
Polish Army
Opis:
The aim of this study was to conduct an epidemiological and laboratory surveillance of Influenza-Like Illnesses (ILI) in Polish Armed Forces, civilian military personnel and their families in 2011/2012 epidemic season, under the United States Department of Defense-Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS). ILI incidence data were analyzed in relation to age, gender, patient category as well as pathogen patterns. Multiple viral, bacterial and viral-bacterial co-infections were identified. Nose and throat swabs of active duty soldiers in the homeland country and in the NATO peacekeeping forces KFOR (Kosovo Force), as well as members of their families were tested for the presence of viral and bacterial pathogens. From October 2011 to May 2012, 416 specimens from ILI symptoms patients were collected and analyzed for the presence of viral and bacterial pathogens. Among viruses, coronavirus was the most commonly detected. In the case of bacterial infections, the most common pathogen was Staphylococcus aureus.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 489-494
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of the host genetic variability in the influenza A virus susceptibility
Autorzy:
Arcanjo, Ana
Mazzocco, Giovanni
de Oliveira, Silviene
Plewczynski, Dariusz
Radomski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
Influenza A virus
host-pathogen interactions
Opis:
The aftermath of influenza infection is determined by a complex set of host-pathogen interactions, where genomic variability on both viral and host sides influences the final outcome. Although there exists large body of literature describing influenza virus variability, only a very small fraction covers the issue of host variance. The goal of this review is to explore the variability of host genes responsible for host-pathogen interactions, paying particular attention to genes responsible for the presence of sialylated glycans in the host endothelial membrane, mucus, genes used by viral immune escape mechanisms, and genes particularly expressed after vaccination, since they are more likely to have a direct influence on the infection outcome.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 403-419
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A universal flu vaccine
Autorzy:
Kesik-Brodacka, Malgorzata
Plucienniczak, Grazyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
universal vaccine
flu vaccine
influenza virus
Opis:
Influenza is a global health concern. The single most effective way of protecting people against influenza infection and disease is vaccination. However, currently available vaccines against influenza induce only strain-specific immunity, and do not elicit long-lasting serum antibody titers. Therefore, they are ineffective in the case of possible pandemics. There is an urgent need for a new generation vaccine which would induce broad and long-lasting immune protection against antigenically distinct flu viruses. The paper presents recent achievements and the challenges in the field of universal vaccine construction.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 523-530
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
DNA vaccines against influenza
Autorzy:
Stachyra, Anna
Góra-Sochacka, Anna
Sirko, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
DNA vaccine
influenza
hemagglutinin
immunization
adjuvant
cross-protection
Opis:
Genetic vaccine technology has been considerably developed within the last two decades. This cost effective and promising strategy can be applied for therapy of cancers and for curing allergy, chronic and infectious diseases, such as a seasonal and pandemic influenza. Despite numerous advantages, several limitations of this technology reduce its performance and can retard its commercial exploitation in humans and its veterinary applications. Inefficient delivery of the DNA vaccine into cells of immunized individuals results in low intracellular supply of suitable expression cassettes encoding an antigen, in its low expression level and, in turn, in reduced immune responses against the antigen. Improvement of DNA delivery into the host cells might significantly increase effectiveness of the DNA vaccine. A vast array of innovative methods and various experimental strategies have been applied in order to enhance the effectiveness of DNA vaccines. They include various strategies improving DNA delivery as well as expression and immunogenic potential of the proteins encoded by the DNA vaccines. Researchers focusing on DNA vaccines against influenza have applied many of these strategies. Recent examples of the most successful modern approaches are discussed in this review.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 515-522
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plant expression systems for production of hemagglutinin as a vaccine against influenza virus
Autorzy:
Redkiewicz, Patrycja
Sirko, Agnieszka
Kamel, Katarzyna
Góra-Sochacka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039262.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
recombinant hemagglutinin
avian influenza
plant-produced
VLP
ELISA
Opis:
Many examples of a successful application of plant-based expression systems for production of biologically active recombinant proteins exist in the literature. These systems can function as inexpensive platforms for the large scale production of recombinant pharmaceuticals or subunit vaccines. Hemagglutinin (HA) is a major surface antigen of the influenza virus, thus it is in the centre of interests of various subunit vaccine engineering programs. Large scale production of recombinant HA in traditional expression systems, such as mammalian or insect cells, besides other limitations, is expensive and time-consuming. These difficulties stimulate an ever-increasing interest in plant-based production of this recombinant protein. Over the last few years many successful cases of HA production in plants, using both transient and stable expression systems have been reported. Various forms of recombinant HA, including monomers, trimers, virus like particles (VLPs) or chimeric proteins containing its fusion with other polypeptides were obtained and shown to maintain a proper antigenicity. Immunizations of animals (mice, ferrets, rabbits or chickens) with some of these plant-derived hemagglutinin variants were performed, and their effectiveness in induction of immunological response and protection against lethal challenge with influenza virus demonstrated. Plant-produced recombinant subunit vaccines and plant-made VLPs were successfully tested in clinical trials (Phase I and II) that confirmed their tolerance and immunogenicity.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 551-560
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mapping of the influenza A hemagglutinin serotypes evolution by the ISSCOR method
Autorzy:
Radomski, Jan
Słonimski, Piotr
Zagórski-Ostoja, Włodzimierz
Borowicz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039244.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
ISSCOR descriptors
phylogenetic analysis
influenza virus
hemagglutinin
phylogenetic maps
Opis:
Analyses and visualizations by the ISSCOR method of influenza virus hemagglutinin genes of different A-subtypes revealed some rather striking temporal relationships between groups of individual gene subsets. Based on these findings we consider application of the ISSCOR-PCA method for analyses of large sets of homologous genes to be a worthwhile addition to a toolbox of genomics - allowing for a rapid diagnostics of trends, and ultimately even aiding an early warning of newly emerging epidemiological threats.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2014, 61, 3; 441-451
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 30

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies