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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    Stratification of particulate organic carbon and nitrogen in the Gdańsk Deep (Southern Baltic Sea)
    Autorzy:
    Burska, D.
    Pryputniewicz, D.
    Falkowska, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47610.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    stratification
    Gdansk Deep
    nitrogen
    particulate organic carbon
    carbon
    particulate organic nitrogen
    flux
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    Particulate organic carbon (POC) and nitrogen (PON) concentrations and fluxes were measured during an experiment in the Gdańsk Deep in late spring (30.05. –06.06.2001). The vertical POC and PON concentration profiles were characterised by the highest values in the euphotic layer,a gradual decrease with depth, and an increase below the halocline. The hydrophysical conditions had a decisive impact on POC and PON fluxes in the water column. Preferential removal of nitrogen from suspended mater was observed in the entire water column (maximum – in the vicinity of thermocline). There were also differences in the diurnal effectiveness of nitrogen removal as compared to carbon removal. The removal rate was highest at night.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2005, 47, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of in situ and satellite ocean color determinations of particulate organic carbon concentration in the global ocean
    Autorzy:
    Swirgon, M.
    Stramska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48631.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    ocean colour
    particulate organic carbon
    dissolved organic carbon
    ocean ecosystem
    chlorophyll concentration
    phytoplankton biomass
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2015, 57, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seasonal changes in particulate organic matter (POM) concentrations and properties measured from deep areas of the Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Winogradow, A.
    Mackiewicz, A.
    Pempkowiak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47588.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    particulate organic matter
    seasonal change
    particulate organic carbon
    chlorophyll a
    heterotrophic bacteria
    zooplankton
    dissolved organic compound
    nutrient
    deep water
    Baltic Sea
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2019, 61, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Importance of bacteria and protozooplankton for faecal pellet degradation
    Autorzy:
    Morata, N.
    Seuthe, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48570.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    fecal pellet analysis
    protozooplankton
    Calanus
    degradation
    vertical flux
    carbon
    respiration
    microbial degradation
    chlorophyll a
    particulate organic carbon
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Diurnal and seasonal DOC and POC variability in the land-locked sea
    Autorzy:
    Szymczycha, B.
    Winogradow, A.
    Kulinski, K.
    Koziorowska, K.
    Pempkowiak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48956.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    marine environment
    organic matter
    seasonal change
    diurnal change
    particulate organic carbon
    dissolved organic carbon
    chlorophyll a
    salinity
    pH
    temperature
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    Organic matter is a minor yet important component of the marine environment. The aim of this study was to investigate the diurnal and seasonal changes in dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC, respectively). Thus, DOC and POC as well as chlorophyll a (Chl a), δ13C, NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, PO43−, salinity, pH, and temperature were regularly measured in samples collected for 24 h (2-h resolution) in the Gdańsk Deep (54°44.730′N, 19°08.531′E) at three water depths (1, 10, and 40 m) during sampling campaigns in 2011 (May), 2014 (May), and 2015 (January, March, May, July, September, November). Seasonal variations in DOC and POC followed the seasonality of Chl a (proportional trend) and nutrients (reverse trend) concentrations. Diurnal oscillations were detected in six out of the eight measurement series. The strongest diurnal variability in both POC and DOC occurred in May 2011 and March 2015, when phytoplankton activity was highest (high Chl a). The surprisingly low δ13C values (range: −28‰ to −24‰) measured over the course of the study revealed the gaps in our knowledge of the isotopic characteristics of terrestrial- vs. marine-derived particulate organic matter.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Diffusive component of the vertical flux of particulate organic carbon in the North polar Atlantic
    Autorzy:
    Stramska, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48240.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    organic matter
    ocean colour
    nutrient
    inorganic carbon
    remote sensing
    particulate organic carbon
    Atlantic Ocean
    vertical flux
    phytoplankton
    solar energy
    photosynthesis
    Opis:
    The diffusive component of the vertical flux of particulate organic carbon (POC) from the surface ocean layer has been estimated using a combination of the mixed layer model and ocean color data from the SeaWiFS satellite. The calculations were carried out for an example location in the north polar Atlantic centered at 75◦N and 0◦ E for the time period of 1998–2004. The satellite estimates of surface POC derived using a regional ocean color algorithm were applied as an input to the model driven by local surface heat and momentum fluxes. For each year of the examined period, the diffusive POC flux was estimated at 200-m depth from April through December. The highest flux is generally observed in the late fall as a result of increased heat loss and convectional mixing of surface waters. A relatively high diffusive POC flux is also observed in early spring, when surface waters are weakly stratified. In addition, the model results demonstrate significant interannual variability. The highest diffusive POC flux occurred in 1999 (about 4500 mg m−2 over the 9-month period). In 1998 and 2002 the estimated flux was about two orders of magnitude lower. The interannual variability of the diffusive POC flux is associated with mixed layer dynamics and underscores the importance of atmospheric forcing for POC export from the surface layer to the ocean’s interior.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    DOC and POC in the Southern Baltic Sea. Part II — Evaluation of factors affecting organic matter concentrations using multivariate statistical methods
    Autorzy:
    Maciejewska, A.
    Pempkowiak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48064.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Southern Baltic Sea
    dissolved organic carbon
    particulate organic carbon
    organic carbon source
    biological activity
    abiotic factor
    cluster analysis
    principal component analysis
    multivariate statistical method
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2015, 57, 2
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Particulate organic carbon in the Southern Baltic Sea: numerical simulations and experimental data
    Autorzy:
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Kulinski, K.
    Maciejewska, A.
    Jakacki, J.
    Pempkowiak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48082.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic Sea
    Gdansk Deep
    calcification
    carbon cycle
    detritus
    nutrient
    organic compound
    organic matter
    particulate organic carbon
    photosynthesis
    phytoplankton
    primary production
    sea water
    validation
    zooplankton
    Opis:
    Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) is an important component in the carbon cycle of land-locked seas. In this paper, we assess the POC concentration in the Gdańsk Deep, southern Baltic Sea. Our study is based on both a 1D POC Model and current POC concentration measurements. The aim is twofold: (i) validation of simulated concentrations with actual measurements, and (ii) a qualitative assessment of the sources contributing to the POC pool. The POC model consists of six coupled equations: five diffusion-type equations for phytoplankton, zooplankton, pelagic detritus and nutrients (phosphate and total inorganic nitrogen) and one ordinary differential equation for detritus at the bottom. The POC concentration is determined as the sum of phytoplankton, zoo-plankton and pelagic detritus concentrations, all expressed in carbon equivalents. Bacteria are not simulated in this paper. The observed large fluctuations of POC concentrations are attributed to its appreciable seasonal variability. The maximum concentration of POC varied between 870 mgC m−3 in May and 580 mgC m−3 in September, coinciding with the period of maximum dead organic matter and phytoplankton biomass concentrations. The results of the numerical simulations are in good agreement with observed values. The difference between the modelled and observed POC concentrations is equal to 3–28% and depends on the month for which the calculations were made, although no time trend of the difference is observed. The conclusion is that the numerical simulations are a ufficiently good reflection of POC dynamics in the Baltic.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2010, 52, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Simple statistical formulas for estimating biogeochemical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea potentially useful for optical remote sensing applications
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47701.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    biogeochemical property
    suspended particulate matter
    particulate organic carbon
    inherent optical property
    chlorophyll a
    light absorption
    backscattering coefficient
    remote sensing
    Baltic Sea
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Numerical modelling of POC dynamics in the Southern Baltic under possible future conditions determined by nutrients, light and temperature
    Autorzy:
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Kulinski, K.
    Maciejewska, A.
    Jakacki, J.
    Pempkowiak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47783.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic Sea
    detritus
    natural mortality
    numerical modelling
    nutrient
    particulate organic carbon
    phytoplankton
    predator
    primary production
    temperature
    temporal change
    zooplankton
    Opis:
    This paper discusses predictions of particulate organic carbon (POC) concentra- tions in the southern Baltic Sea. The study is based on the one-dimensional Particulate Organic Carbon Model (1D POC), described in detail by Dzierzbicka- Głowacka et al. (2010a). The POC concentration is determined as the sum of phytoplankton, zoo- plankton and dead organic matter (detritus) concentrations. Temporal changes in the phytoplankton biomass are caused by primary production, mortality, grazing by zooplankton and sinking. The zooplankton biomass is affected by ingestion, excretion, faecal production, mortality and carnivorous grazing. The changes in the pelagic detritus concentration are determined by the input of dead phytoplankton and zooplankton, the natural mortality of predators, faecal pellets, and sinks – sedimentation, zooplankton grazing and biochemical decomposition. The model simulations were done for selected locations in the southern Baltic Sea (Gdańsk Deep, Bornholm Deep and Gotland Deep) under predicted conditions characterized by changes of temperature, nutrient concentrations and light availability. The results cover the daily, monthly, seasonal and annual POC concentration patterns in the upper water layer. If the assumed trends in light, nutrients and temperature in the southern Baltic correctly predict the conditions in 2050, our calculations indicate that we can expect a two- to three-fold increase in POC concentration in late spring and a shift towards postponed maximum POC concentration. It can also be anticipated that, as a result of the increase in POC, oxygenation of the water layer beneath the halocline will decrease, while the supply of food to organisms at higher trophic levels will increase.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 4
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    DOC and POC in the water column of the Southern Baltic. Part I. Evaluation of factors influencing sources, distribution and concentration dynamics of organic matter
    Autorzy:
    Maciejewska, A.
    Pempkowiak, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48392.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    organic matter
    dissolved organic carbon
    particulate organic carbon
    seasonal variability
    vertical variability
    water column
    Baltic Sea
    Gotland Deep
    Gdansk Deep
    Bornholm Deep
    sea water
    marine environment
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2014, 56, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Inherent optical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Wozniak, S.B.
    Meller, J.
    Lednicka, B.
    Zdun, A.
    Ston-Egiert, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48001.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Baltic Sea
    chlorophyll a
    coastal water
    Gdansk Gulf
    inherent optical property
    light absorption
    optical property
    particulate organic carbon
    particulate organic matter
    phytoplankton
    scattering
    surface water
    suspended particulate matter
    Opis:
    The inherent optical properties (IOPs) of suspended particulate matter and their relations with the main biogeochemical characteristics of particles have been examined in the surface waters of the southern Baltic Sea. The empirical data were gathered at over 300 stations in open Baltic Sea waters as well as in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk. The measurements included IOPs such as the absorption coefficient of particles, absorption coefficient of phytoplankton, scattering and backscattering coefficients of particles, as well as biogeochemical characteristics of suspended matter such as concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM), particulate organic matter (POM), particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll a (Chl a). Our data documented the very extensive variability in the study area of particle concentration measures and IOPs (up to two orders of magnitude). Although most of the particle populations encoun- tered were composed primarily of organic matter (av. POM/SPM=ca 0.8), the different particle concentration ratios suggest that the particle composition varied significantly. The relations between the optical properties and biogeochemical parameters of suspended matter were examined. We found significant variability in the constituent-specific IOPs (coefficients of variation (CVs) of at least 30% to 40%, usually more than 50%). Simple best-fit relations between any given IOP versus any constituent concentration parameter also highlighted the significant statistical errors involved. As a result, we conclude that for southern Baltic samples an easy yet precise quantification of particle IOPs in terms of the concentration of only one of the following parameters – SPM, POM, POC or Chl a – is not achievable. Nevertheless, we present a set of best statistical formulas for a rough estimate of certain seawater constituent concentrations based on relatively easily measurable values of seawater IOPs. These equations can be implemented in practice, but their application will inevitably entail effective statistical errors of estimation of the order of 50% or more.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2011, 53, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ emisji komunikacyjnej na stężenie dwóch form węgla i rozkład ich masy względem wielkości cząstek w aerozolu atmosferycznym obszaru miejskiego
    Influence of Vehicular Traffic on Ambient Concentration and Mass Size Distribution of Two Fractions of Carbon in an Urban Area Atmospheric Aerosol
    Autorzy:
    Rogula-Kozłowska, W.
    Rogula-Kopiec, P.
    Klejnowski, K.
    Błaszczyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819029.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    obszar miejski
    emisja komunikacyjna
    particulate air-pollution
    diesel exhaust particles
    chemical composition
    elemental carbon
    organic carbon
    road
    vehicles
    matter
    Opis:
    Ambient particulate matter (PM) is a component of the natural environment and a certain number of particles that varies with time, having many different properties which also change over time, is constantly present in the air. It can be assumed that the scope of environmental effects of PM is the broadest among all air pollutants: it affects the human health, climate, ecological conditions and visibility. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) are the two most important components of suspended dust. The continuously increasing road traffic intensity is highly correlated with increasing concentrations of both of these components in the air of urbanized areas all over the world. In spite of this, the amount of data on OC and EC concentrations in Poland is still insufficient, especially in the case of areas located close to busy roads. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of vehicular traffic on ambient concentrations of PM-related OC and EC, and their mass size distribution in a typical urban area of the Upper Silesia. PM samples were collected simultaneously at two sites located in the Katowice city. One of the selected measurement points was situated in the city centre and characterized so-called urban background. The second measurement point, located near the A4 motorway, was in the area directly exposed to the influence of traffic emission. Dust was sampled during two measurement periods (2–10 August and 15–22 September 2011) using thirteen-stage impactors – DEKATI Ltd. (DLPI, Dekati Low Pressure Impactor). Analysis for the content of OC and EC in the collected dust samples was carried out by means of a thermo-optical method with the use of a Sunset Laboratory OC/EC carbon analyzer. During the entire measurement program strict adherence to the rigorous requirements for quality control of the obtained results was ensured. Concentrations of PM1-, PM2.5- and PM10-related OC and EC in Katowice, near the A4 motorway, were close to values obtained in other parts of the world in different measurement periods, at traffic sites of similar characteristics. Also values of the concentration ratio of OC bound to PM10 and PM2,5 (or PM2,5) were similar to quantities determined in different locations. In Katowice, due to municipal emission and poor quality of vehicles travelling the roads, also the coarse fraction of dust was enriched in EC. This situation is unusual in comparison to other regions. The effect of emission from engines of the cars travelling the motorway manifested itself mainly by elevated EC concentrations compared to the urban background site. For TSP the EC concentration was higher, five times in the beginning of August and two times in the second half of September. The largest differences between EC concentrations in the location near the motorway and in the urban background area were observed for the PM0.06–0.108, PM0.108–0.17 and PM0.17–0.26 fractions. In both measurement periods, at the traffic site in Katowice, the maxima of mass size distribution of EC were in the diameter range characteristic for soot emitted from Diesel engines (0.108–0.26µm). The fact that the influence of exhaust emission from vehicles travelling the motorway on EC concentrations was more pronounced in the second half of September than in the first half of August, was caused by larger EC emission from various sources in Katowice during the period following summer holidays. Concentrations of organic carbon bound to TSP in both measurement periods in Katowice was only 10% higher in the urban traffic site than in the urban background site. The largest differences between OC concentrations near the motorway and in the urban background are observed in the ranges 0.06–0.17 and 1.0–2.5 µm. Maxima of the mass size distribution of PM-related OC, both at the urban traffic site and at the background site, were similar in both measurement periods. It was inferred that the small differences between OC concentrations in the traffic and the background site are caused by the process of secondary aerosol formation, less intensive near the motorway than in the urban site.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 2; 1623-1644
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Estimating shipping emissions – A case study for cargo Port of Zadar, Croatia
    Autorzy:
    Knezević, V.
    Pavin, Z.
    Čulin, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2063981.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
    Tematy:
    Port of Zadar
    air pollutant emission
    estimating shipping emissions
    nitrogen oxides
    particulate matter
    volatile organic compounds
    carbon dioxide
    green port
    Opis:
    Reducing air pollutant emissions and energy consumption, as a necessary step to make ports more sustainable, is one of the crucial tasks and challenges of port management. Some of the port strategies to meet the term “green port” usually include reducing fuel consumption from vessels and vehicles in ports. This paper estimates the emission inventory of maritime traffic for the cargo Port of Zadar. For this research, emissions from cargo ships are estimated in the period from January 01. 2018 until October 01. 2019. The “bottom-up” methodology has been applied for estimating emissions, which includes detailed data on the ship’s characteristics (engine power, the load factor, fuel type, the emission factor) and time spent cruising and hotelling. The emissions from cargo ships have been estimated for three ship’s activities: cruising in the reduced speed zone, hotelling (time spent at berth), and maneuvering. The emission results (tons/year) refer to the pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur oxides (SOx), particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and carbon dioxide (CO2) which represents greenhouse gases. Estimating emission inventory is the first step for planning effective port air quality control. Some recommendations for reducing emissions in port areas are emphasized in this paper.
    Źródło:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 3; 615--620
    2083-6473
    2083-6481
    Pojawia się w:
    TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Badanie zanieczyszczeń powietrza oddziałujących na dzieci w przedszkolu miejskim zlokalizowanym przy drodze o dużym natężeniu ruchu
    Children exposure to air pollutants in nursery school near a major road in urban area
    Autorzy:
    Mainka, A.
    Zajusz-Zubek, E.
    Kozielska, B.
    Brągoszewska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/297242.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
    Tematy:
    powietrze wewnętrzne
    lotne związki organiczne
    pył zawieszony
    bioaerozol
    dwutlenek węgla
    indoor air
    children
    volatile organic compounds
    particulate matter
    bioaerosols
    carbon dioxide
    Opis:
    Przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów stężeń lotnych związków organicznych (LZO), pyłu całkowitego (TSP), frakcji PM10, PM2,5 i PM1 oraz bioaerozoli. Wykonywano również pomiary stężenia CO2 jako wskaźnika skuteczności systemu wentylacji. Pomiary przeprowadzono w okresie grzewczym w dwóch salach opiekuńczych (dzieci w wieku 3-6 lat) oraz na zewnątrz budynku przedszkola położonego w centrum Gliwic (Górny Śląsk) przy drodze o dużym natężeniu ruchu. Wyniki badań wskazują na gorsze warunki co do jakości powietrza wewnątrz. Dla sumy 16 LZO stosunki stężeń wewnątrz i na zewnątrz budynku (I/O) w zależności od sali wahały się od 2 do 5, dla pyłu PM10 sięgały 4, a dla PM2,5 wynosiły około 2. W przypadku bioaerozoli grzybowych średni wskaźnik I/O sięgał 2, natomiast dla aerozoli bakteryjnych przekraczał 8. Jednocześnie ciągłe pomiary stężeń CO2 wykazały dominujący udział niskiej jakości powietrza podczas przebywania dzieci w obu salach przedszkola. Wyniki wskazują na niewystarczającą skuteczność systemu wentylacji, co może negatywnie wpływać na zdrowie i samopoczucie dzieci.
    Children are particularly sensitive to pollutants. The reason for this is that, according to body weight, they breathe in more air than adults. Moreover, due to rapid growth, their immature immune system is more vulnerable to damage than already mature organisms. Children aged 3 to 6 spend large amounts of time indoors, so there is a necessity to evaluate the quality of air in nursery schools. This study investigated the concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1) and bioaerosols. The concentration of CO2 was monitored as the indicator of ventilation efficiency. The measurements were performed during winter, in two classrooms and outside the nursery school building located in the centre of Gliwice (Upper Silesia), near a road with high traffic. Outdoor concentrations were lower than those indoors for each inspected classroom. For the sum of 16 VOCs, the I/O ratio, depending on classroom, varied from 2 to 5, PM10 reached 4 and for PM2.5, the ratio was about 2. For fungi bioaerosols, the average I/O ratio was about 2, while for bacteria, aerosols exceeded 8. The evaluation of indoor air quality (IAQ) based on CO2 concentration differed from averaging time. Taking into consideration the 24 hour distribution of CO2 concentration in both classrooms dominated the first category of indoor air quality (WEW1), we can expect that children stayed in the environment with high air quality, however, this was not the case. During children’s nursery school attendance for the duration of the working day and throughout five-hour elementary nursery care, the air inside classrooms was mostly 65 to 72% of poor quality (WEW4). In the case of certain pollutants, significant differences in air quality were found between the classrooms of older (I) and younger (II) children. For fungal bioaerosols, the concentration was twice as high in the classroom of younger children (II) compared to the classroom of older children (I). However, in the case of particulate matter, for all studied fractions (TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1), concentrations were about twice as high in classroom I compared to classroom II. This confirms the important role of particulate matter resuspension in classroom I as a result of the intensive activity of older children. Compared to the classroom of older children (I), in the classroom of younger children (II) there were more absorbent materials; hence, we expected higher concentrations of VOCs associated with secondary sources. However, concentrations of VOCs did not confirm this relationship. In the case of bacterial bioaerosols, no significant differences were observed between the classrooms. Continuous measurements of CO2 concentrations showed that in the classroom of older children (I), the air was negligibly worse than in the classroom of younger children (II); this may have been due to the lower efficiency of the natural ventilation system on the first floor of the investigated building.
    Źródło:
    Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska; 2015, 18, 1; 119-133
    1505-3695
    2391-7253
    Pojawia się w:
    Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15

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