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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Cmentarz w chrześcijańskiej przestrzeni średniowiecza
    Cemetery in the christian space of the Middle Ages
    Autorzy:
    Rębkowski, Marian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/584789.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    chrześcijaństwo
    obrządek pogrzebowy
    średniowiecze
    Christianity
    funeral rite
    the Middle Ages
    Opis:
    One of the main features of the Christian funeral rite in the Middle Ages is supposed to have been a specific location of the graveyards. The paper aims to analyse how the problem of a choice and a location of burial space was presented in Rationale divinorum officiorum written by bishop Wiliam Durand of Mende in the end of the 13th century. The work was the most famous and most complete medieval handbook of Christian liturgy, containing the explanation of all the rites related to the Christian worship. According to Rationale the space was not homogenous. By means of rite of consecration a Bishop was able to delimit holy places („loca sacra”) where the God’s activity could be manifested in a special way. One of such places was also “locus religiosus” which was the space assigned for burying dead body of Christians and usually named cemetery. What is of special importance, there was expected a spatial unity of the cemetery with a church. As we know, the above norm has originated already in the 4th century. However, it can be supposed that the handbook allowed in the extraordinary situation a church and a cemetery were distant each other. To bury a body of dead Christian beyond the consecrated cemetery was allowed only in exceptional cases. The author defined in some way also the space of the Christian grave itself. Dead body was to be laid with a head turned towards West and feet towards East which means the position following the orientation of a church. It is well known, that this habit has also originated in the 4th century. Interesting conclusions may be drawn by a comparison of the contents of Rationale t o t he r esults of a rchaeological research on different peoples of the former Barbaricum Christianized in the early Middle Ages. Almost everywhere in the beginning there was visible two-way development in the location of inhumation cemeteries. Apart from the cemeteries situated just nearby churches there were also graveyards located without any spatial relation to a church. However, the latter have also some features typical for the Christian funeral requirements like for example the westeast orientation of bodies which resulted in row layout of the whole cemetery. The functioning of only one designated space for burying the dead, which means the final unification of burial customs, was taken over by churchyards c. 100-150 years after the Christianization.
    Źródło:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia; 2014, 60; 191-196
    0065-0986
    2451-0300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zwierzęta w ciałopalnym obrządku pogrzebowym Słowian na przykładzie znalezisk z obszaru dzisiejszej Polski
    Animals in Slavic burial rites: the example of finds from the area of present-day Poland
    Autorzy:
    Miechowicz, Łukasz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16647520.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-09-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    archaeology
    burial rites
    Slavs
    animals burials
    archeologia
    obrządek pogrzebowy
    Słowianie
    pochówki zwierzęce
    Opis:
    The article concerns the issues of finds of animal remains in early medieval cremation burials, identified with the Slavs, in today’s Poland. Finds of animal remains discovered in 134 burials in 37 cemeteries have been analysed.
    Źródło:
    Historia Slavorum Occidentis; 2023, 3(38); 13-67
    2084-1213
    Pojawia się w:
    Historia Slavorum Occidentis
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    W środku paradnej tarczy. Ciekawy grób z cmentarzyska kultury przeworskiej w Czersku, pow. piaseczyński
    Inside a parade shield. An interesting grave from the Przeworsk culture cemetery in Czersk, distr. Piaseczno
    Autorzy:
    Czarnecka, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/584896.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
    Tematy:
    kultura przeworska
    okres rzymski
    uzbrojenie
    obrządek pogrzebowy
    Przeworsk culture
    Roman Period
    weaponry
    burial rite
    Opis:
    An urn grave 93 from cemetery of the Przeworsk culture was furnished with opulent set of arms: a sword, two spearheads and shield fittings, all ritually destroyed according to burial custom of the Przeworsk culture. A shield-boss, of type Jahn 7, has broken spike. Bronze rivets, coated with silver sheet are flattened. Inside the boss were stored small objects, a not rare phenomenon in the Przeworsk culture. A shield grip, of type Jahn 8, has rectangular bronze plates covered with thin layer of silver, with small silver studs, and decorative rosettes. Crests separating rivet plates from a handle are covered with silver sheet, and decorated with filigree plait. A big number of iron U-shaped edge mountings, elaborately destroyed, allows a cautious reconstruction of a shield-form – it should be rectangular/oval. An evidence, that shields of such shape were used in the Przeworsk culture, could be finds of miniature shields (e.g. Siemiechów, grave 46). Some analogies are also outside the Przeworsk culture, e.g. preserved in situ shield from grave 19 in Hunn, Norway. Grave 93 is dated to phase B2 of the Roman Period. All finds have no traces of fire, so they weren’t put on the pyre but were deposited directly in grave pit. A shield was disfigured. Edge mountings were irregularly dispersed in grave pit, some pieces were inside shield boss. They must be torn away from the shield planks. A shield boss was deposited more then 40 cm apart from the grip. The urn were placed in the middle.
    Źródło:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia; 2014, 60; 35-44
    0065-0986
    2451-0300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Archaeologica Lodziensia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Uwagi na temat obrządku pogrzebowego grupy olsztyńskiej na przykładzie cmentarzyska w Kosewie, pow. mrągowski (dawn. Kossewen, Kreis Sensburg)
    Remarks on the burial rites of the Olsztyn Group for example cemetery at Kosewo (former Kossewen, Kr. Sensburg)
    Autorzy:
    Rudnicki, Mirosław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/681761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    grupa olsztyńska
    Bałtowie Zachodni
    okres wędrówek ludów
    wczesne średniowiecze
    obrządek pogrzebowy
    Olsztyn Group
    West Balts
    Migration Period
    Early Middle Ages
    funeral rite
    Opis:
    The cemetery in Kosewo (former Kossewen, Kr. Sensburg; from 1938, Rechenberg) is one of the largest known necropolises dated to the Roman and Migration Periods found in the Mazurian Lakeland. The site was accidentally discovered during the construction works of the road linking Mrągowo with Mikołajki in 1887. Even though a large numer of features was discovered at the cemetery in Kosewo, only single finds or assemblages from that site have been published. At the cemetery in Kosewo there were pit and urn burials. The pit burials contained, besides the remains of the deceased, also the remains of the pyre. The predominant burial type were urn graves. Among the 728 recorded burials the majority were urn graves, amounting to 611. It seems justifiable to assume that in the Olsztyn group the urn graves were generally predominant, with some local departures from the custom. We may also say that the graves from the late Migration Period were deposited closer to the Surface than the ones from the Roman Period. This phenomenon has been also recorded at the other cemeteries of the Olsztyn Group. In the eastern part of the area settled by the Olsztyn Group, in which the Kosewo cemeteries are located, the burial grounds were usually made in the same places as the necropolises of the Bogaczewo culture. Large cemeteries used only in the Late Migration Period are exceptional. Graves from Phase E usually did not disturb the earlier burials, but at the cemetery in Kosewo this happened quite often. Basing on the research conducted so far it is possible to state that the graves from the Olsztyn Group were usually located in separate clusters located away from the graves from the Roman Period or only slightly overlapping with them. In the urn graves of the Olsztyn Group the urns are sometimes covered with overturned bowl- or plate-shaped vessels, or beakers with hollow stems. No stone linings, pavements, or cist graves have been registered. Also no horse graves, which can be found in Mazuria of the Roman and Migration Periods, have been discovered at the cemetery in Kosewo. The cemetery yielded some finds of weapons in the assemblages dated to Phase E. The decline of the Olsztyn Group is connected with the disappearance of archaeologically recordable burial rites. The change of the form of the burial rite probably did not concern cremation, which is recorded for the Prussian tribes from the Early Middle Ages. The change of the burial rites probably consisted in the introduction of a different form of deposition of the burials. Also at the cemetery in Kosewo no materials later than the 7th century have been recorded. The necropolis may have been abandoned or the way of depositing the burials was changed. The question about the final stages of use of the Olsztyn Group cemeteries may be answered by further investigations.
    -
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica; 2015, 30; 137-170
    0208-6034
    2449-8300
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Naprom, Powiat Ostróda (Gross Nappern, Kr. Osterode) wczesnośredniowieczne cmentarzysko w świetle danych archiwalnych
    Naprom, Ostróda county (Gross Nappern, Kr. Osterode). The Cemetery from the Early Medieval Period in the Light of Archival Data
    Autorzy:
    Wadyl, Sławomir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Północny im. Wojciecha Kętrzyńskiego w Olsztynie
    Tematy:
    wczesne średniowiecze
    Prusowie
    pogranicze mazowiecko-pruskie
    obrządek pogrzebowy
    cmentarzyska
    archiwalia
    Carl Engel
    Early Medieval Period
    Old Prussians
    Polish-Masovian borderland
    burial
    customs
    cemeteries
    archival sources
    Opis:
    The cemetery discovered in the village of Naprom, Ostróda County (former Gross Nappern, Kr. Osterode) is not known in the archaeological literature. Contemporary knowledge of the necropolis comes from the article: Prussians in the early Middle Ages and the outline of their material culture. The content can be inferred that the discovered site was a vast necropolis, within which a large number of sepulchral objects were uncovered. Some information about the discovery can be found in the articles by C. Engel published in the daily press in the 1930s. (Königsberger Stadtspiegel, Johannisburger Zeitung). During the archival inquiry carried out in the Archäologisches Landesmuseum Schloss Gottdorf in Schleswig (the so-called Rudolf Grenz’s files) and the Museum für Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Berlin (the archives of the former Prussia-Museum) interesting unpublished materials concerning the burial ground in Gross Nappern were found. During his journey in Ostróda and Lidzbark county in 1931 Carl Engel carried out a trial excavation. In the trench two cremation graves covered with stone constructions were discovered. The potsherds were the only artifacts found in the graves (on the basis of the description these can be dated back to the 11th – 1st half of 13th c.). The owner of the grounds, where the graves were discovered reported that in the vicinity of the excavated graves there used to be a barrow (it was destroyed around 1905, and the stones from the mound were used during the construction of the barn). That was the reason why C. Engel came back to the village of Naprom to excavate the destroyed barrow.
    Źródło:
    Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie; 2016, 291, 1; 3-10
    0023-3196
    2719-8979
    Pojawia się w:
    Komunikaty Mazursko-Warmińskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Die Beziehungen der Lutizen im Ostseeraum (10.–12. jahrhundert)
    The contacts of the Luticians i the Baltic Sea area (10th – 12th century)
    Autorzy:
    Biermann, Felix
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1591175.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    Lutizen
    Ostseehandel
    Frühmittelalter
    Bestattungssitten
    Elitenkontakte
    Liuticians
    Baltic trade
    early Middle Ages
    burial customs
    cultural contacts of the élites
    Lucice
    handel bałtycki
    wczesne średniowiecze
    obrządek pogrzebowy
    kontakty kulturalne elit
    Opis:
    Kontakty w rejonie Bałtyku, głównie ze Skandynawią, były niezwykle istotne dla ekonomicznych i społecznych relacji Słowian północnych od VIII w. Na obszarze lucickiego związku plemiennego (późny X–XII w.) obserwujemy wybitny materiał świadczący o kontaktach z Północą, ważny przede wszystkim dla habitusu wojennych elit tego ostatniego niezależnego obszaru plemiennego. Odnosząca sukces działalność Związku Lucickiego oparta była na rozkwicie ekonomicznym stymulowanym przez rozwój strefy handlu nad Bałtykiem, ale wpływały na nią też impulsy z północy i silne kontakty między środowiskami wojowników z obu brzegów Bałtyku. Pokojowe oraz wojenne relacje, jak również ekspansja imperium duńskiego w XII w. doprowadziły ostatecznie do upadku Luciców. W artykule są dyskutowane północne koneksje Luciców przez pryzmat archeologii, skupiając się na pojedynczych znaleziskach, pochówkach elitarnych i łodziowych.
    Für die Wirtschaft und die sozialen Verhältnisse der Nordwestslawen waren die Beziehungen im Ostseeraum von großer Bedeutung, insbesondere jene nach Skandinavien. Diese Kontakte entwickelten sich bereits seit dem 8. Jahrhundert. Herausragende materielle Zeugen der Verbindungen mit dem Norden kennen wir aber namentlich aus dem Gebiet des lutizischen Stammesverbandes (spätes 10.–12. Jahrhundert), dessen kriegerische Eliten sich auch in ihrem Habitus in vieler Hinsicht nach Norden orientierten. Das über lange Zeit erfolgreiche Agieren der Lutizen basierte durchaus maßgeblich auf einer wirtschaftlichen Blüte, die sich aus der Integration der slawischen Küstengebiete in die florierende Ostsee-Handelszone ergab. Auch unmittelbare Impulse aus dem Norden und enge Beziehungen zwischen den einander ähnlichen Kriegergesellschaften nördlich und südlich der Ostsee wirkten sich dabei aus. Es gab sowohl friedliche als auch kriegerische Begegnungen. Die Expansion des dänischen Reiches im 12. Jahrhundert trug schließlich zum Untergang der letzten noch unabhängigen slawischen Stammesgebiete bei. Hier werden die nördlichen Verbindungen der Lutizen mit einem archäologischen Fokus besprochen, insbesondere unter Bezug auf Für Für die Wirtschaft und die sozialen Verhältnisse der Nordwestslawen waren die Beziehungen im Ostseeraum von großer Bedeutung, insbesondere jene nach Skandinavien. Diese Kontakte entwickelten sich bereits seit dem 8. Jahrhundert. Herausragende materielle Zeugen der Verbindungen mit dem Norden kennen wir aber namentlich aus dem Gebiet des lutizischen Stammesverbandes (spätes 10.–12. Jahrhundert), dessen kriegerische Eliten sich auch in ihrem Habitus in vieler Hinsicht nach Norden orientierten. Das über lange Zeit erfolgreiche Agieren der Lutizen basierte durchaus maßgeblich auf einer wirtschaftlichen Blüte, die sich aus der Integration der slawischen Küstengebiete in die florierende Ostsee-Handelszone ergab. Auch unmittelbare Impulse aus dem Norden und enge Beziehungen zwischen den einander ähnlichen Kriegergesellschaften nördlich und südlich der Ostsee wirkten sich dabei aus. Es gab sowohl friedliche als auch kriegerische Begegnungen. Die Expansion des dänischen Reiches im 12. Jahrhundert trug schließlich zum Untergang der letzten noch unabhängigen slawischen Stammesgebiete bei. Hier werden die nördlichen Verbindungen der Lutizen mit einem archäologischen Fokus besprochen, insbesondere unter Bezug auf jüngere Ergebnisse der Detektor-Archäologie, auf Eliten- und Bootsgräber.
    The contacts in the Baltic, mainly to Scandinavia, were vitally important for the economy and social affairs of the northern Slavs since the 8th century. In the territory of the Lutician tribal league (late 10th–12th century) we observe outstanding material witnesses of the contacts with the north, with relevance above all for the habitus of the warlike élites of these last independent tribal areas. The successful activity of the Lutician league based on an economic blossom, stimulated significantly by flourishing Baltic Sea trade zone, but was also affected by northern impulses and strong contacts between warrior societies at both shores of the Baltic Sea. There were peaceful as well as warlike contacts, and the expansion of the Danish Empire in the 12th century contributed, finally, to Lutician doom. Here are discussed the northern connections of the Luticians with an archaeological focus, beneath else concerning archaeological single findings, élite and boat graves.
    Źródło:
    Studia Maritima; 2019, 32; 29-43
    0137-3587
    2353-303X
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Maritima
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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