Temat: exhaust emission & ecology - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Modern diesel engines NOx particles emission
Autorzy:: Krakowian, K.
Kaźmierczak, A.
Wdowikowska, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245526.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: air pollution
combustion engines
EGR valve
exhaust emission & ecology
vehicles
Opis:: Exhaust gases recirculation systems (EGR), together with catalytic reactors, are commonly installed in modern piston combustion engines. Their purpose is to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted in fumes. The need for this reduction takes its source from introducing more rigorous EURO standards, which are treating about maximum levels of NOx, HC and particulates produced, as a side effect of engine's operation. Applied exhausts recirculation circuits can be roughly characterized by a principle, that a part of exhaust gases is redirected (through a cooler) and reaches a special valve. This valve, respectively to engine's current load and speed, drives more or less exhaust to suction manifold. The position of the valve determines the system’s overall efficiency, but also differentiates the amount of toxic gases and smoke produced by each of the engines cylinders. Recent research have focused only on the overall efficiency of recirculation systems, representing it by measuring the total amount of NOx particles emission from exhaust pipe. However, the quantity of exhaust gases that is reaching each cylinder can be negatively dependant on EGR valve’s physical position in the circuit. This happens due to the fact that combusted loads have different proportions of charged air and fuel. For estimating the difference among each of the loads, and in the same time, indirectly, in equal emission of NOx from corresponding cylinders, a research was carried out on a model VW 2.0 TDI engine, equipped with standard, factory mounted, exhausts gases recirculation circuit. Measurements of toxic emissions were executed with regards to thirteen-point ESC (European Stationary Cycle) test.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 3; 245-250
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Estimation of emulsified and dissolved oil content in seawater
Autorzy:: Rudź, K.
Toczek, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244074.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel
oils
lubrication
exhaust emission
ecology
Opis:: The demand to control the amount of oil discharged to the seawater is the consequence of increasing shipping activities. Oil products enter marine environment on daily basis in the form of fuels, engine oils or crude oils. Each of them have a significant impact on marine life and the coastal water management. Oil content influences many environmental factors, like water quality and bio-optical parameters (e.g. water-leaving radiance, inherent optical properties, seawater fluorescence). It should be measured on regular basis to avoid over or underestimation of those parameters. Currently there are several methods used to estimate the total hydrocarbon content in seawater, mostly based on fluorescence measurements. We present a unique method suitable to determine the concentration of oil products in two forms: the amount of dissolved oil and the amount of oil-in-water emulsion. The method consist of several steps: seawater sampling, vacuum filtering, extracting of oil in n-hexane, fluorescence measurements and calculation of oil concentration in comparison to the reference samples, i.e. the solutions of different types of crude oil in n-hexane. The results have been measured for the samples collected in Southern Baltic Sea during several ship cruises in 2012. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of presented method in the context of radiative transfer modelling and potential remote detection of dispersed oil.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 287-293
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Effect of doping diesel oil with methyl esters on physicochemical properties of the obtained fuel, in the aspect of its exploitation potential
Autorzy:: Duda, K.
Mikulski, M.
Mickievičius, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246618.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: fuel
oils
lubrication
exhaust emission
ecology
Opis:: Vision of depletion of fossil fuels and associated with the usage negative impact on the environment, resulted in increased interest in finding alternative sources of materials, which may be used to power internal combustion engines. Usage of biofuels to power diesel engines offers a wide range of benefits for the user and also the environment. Biodiesel interpreted as fatty acid methyl esters obtained from renewable resources by transesterification of fatty acids, can be used as an alternative fuel to petro-diesel, as well as pure fuel or as an additive to diesel. Due to its “renewable” origin and characteristics, such as biodegradability or lower emissions of toxic components in the exhaust gases, biodiesel is a highly attractive alternative to fossil fuels. Although it is possible to feed CI engines with pure biodiesel, many researchers points lot of, operational and related to combustion processes, problems with usage 100% biodiesel in modern engines, equipped with technologically advanced injection systems. In order to maintain best performance properties, a number of standards have been made. These standards clearly define the parameters that biodiesel must met to be used for powering CI engines. This paper presents comprehensive analysis of properties of pure biodiesel and its mixtures with diesel in terms of usage to feed modern CI engines. Also procedure of obtaining biodiesel, laboratory equipment and procedures were presented. A number of key parameters (density, viscosity, acid value, cold filter plugging point, oxidation stability, sulphur content and flash point) were examined for pure biodiesel and its mixtures. Tests were performed according to procedures outlined in the PN-EN 14214. Based on the results the utility of biofuels and their mixtures was presumed for use in compression ignition engines.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 71-78
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Hydrogen as fuel in operation of internal combustion engines
Autorzy:: Kruczyński, S.
Ślęzak, M.
Gis, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242013.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: exhaust emission
ecology
hydrogen
engines
vehicles
Opis:: Hydrogen internal combustion engines (HICE) are presently the subject of numerous R&D projects. For hydrogen fuelling mainly, spark-ignition engines are adapted but it is also possible to adjust self-ignition engines. Self-ignition engines may be fuelled only with dual-fuels and usually demonstrate an oversized level of compression ratio requiring reduction because of engine knocking, whereas spark-ignition engines – on the contrary feature an undersized level of compression ratio that needs to be increased to ensure an effective combustion process. Hydrogen may be used also for gasoline dual-fuel engines. Hydrogen utilization as diesel engine fuel should be considered depending on the type of diesel cycle: 1.The use of hydrogen alone or as an addition to gasoline or LPG and methane in spark-ignition engines; 2.The use of hydrogen as an addition to diesel oil in self-ignition engines. In the paper are presented the review of the literature on the use only of hydrogen as a fuel or only of the additionof hydrogen to hydrocarbon fuels in engines with spark ignition and diesel. Have been studied combustion process, generation of heat and power, and efficiency of the engine. Have been evaluated opportunities to reduce harmful emissions. Have been evaluated possibilities of using hydrogen as a fuel for both type of engines. In the paper are presented the review use hydrogen as a fuel for vehicles with fuel cells too.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 237-244
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Influence of contribution of biofuels derived from renewable materials in the fuel on the combustion process and toxic compounds emission of compression ignition engine
Autorzy:: Mikulski, M.
Duda, K.
Piętak, A.
Wierzbicki, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242841.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: engine
fuel
oil
lubrication
exhaust emission
ecology
Opis:: The use of liquid fuels as an energy source for internal combustion engines is unavoidable nowadays, further consumption increases with the development of industry and economic growth of the country. The abundance of the world in fossil fuels is a highly controversial issue; however, irrespective of forecasts concerning deposits of mineral fuels, undisputable fact is that these are resources, which will deplete. Economic, environmental and legislative issues also impose a limitation of use of fossil fuels. Under the problems associated with fossil fuels, an interesting alternative may be fuel derived from renewable sources. Biodiesel understood as a renewable energy source, used to feed compression ignition engines seem to be the ideal solution to meet energy needs, facing so called economic circulation era. Many research results confirm that combustion of pure biofuels in the currently highly advanced injection systems causes many problems. Different biofuel properties from diesel, such as viscosity or density directly influences on combustion process and emission of toxic components in the exhaust gases. Therefore, biodiesel blends with diesel fuel in all proportions; the combustion of such mixtures carries a number of benefits, from consumption reduction of non-renewable resources to reduction of harmful components in the exhaust gases. In this paper, the effect of doping methyl esters on the process of combustion and exhaust gases emissions in a compression ignition engine feed with mixtures of esters and diesel was examined. Tests were performed on four-cylinder, CI Andoria ACDR engine equipped with Common Rail fuel injection system. In order to investigate the combustion process, cylinder pressure and toxic components in exhaust gases steady state measurements were performed.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 343-351
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Novel catalytic converter oxide for SI engines
Autorzy:: Jankowski, A.
Kruczynski, S. W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246162.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engines
ecology
exhaust emission
lean mixtures
catalytic converters
Opis:: Subject of the paper are converters of lean mixtures for SI engines with a good efficiency of NOx reduction. Investigation of new effective catalytic materials having good sorptive proprieties of nitrogen oxides and simultaneously resistant on the thermal destruction and chemical destruction are main aim of the paper. The operating idea of such converters and conditions of their work are also presented. Main objective of the paper is performance of the new reactor of the Pt/Rh-MgO/CeO2/Al2O3 formula. The magnesium oxide MgO is here an absorber of nitrous oxides and has an essential feature, it is resistant on sintering. Such reactor can be the alternative for generally applied converters containing the barium oxide. Experimental results of catalytic converter containing various quantities of magnesium oxide for SI engines with lean mixtures are presented in the paper. Researches involved both laboratory and engine tests. The laboratory researches concern the topography active surface of the reactor with the scanning electron microscopy) method. Size of platinum and rhodium crystallites obtainedfrom the Scherrer dependence analyzing the diffractive spectrum of the X-radiation (XRD) was about 5 nm. Moreover method covering of reactor's active layers on the metal- monolith is presented. Engine researches comprised CO, THC, and NOx conversion for two engines in conditions of lean (A/F=20.0), reach (A/F=14.0), and stoichiometric (A/F=14.7) mixtures. CO, THC, and NOx conversion were stated in the dependence of temperature catalytic process in conditions of the various mixtures.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 1; 177-186
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Evaluation methods of the impact of motorization on the quality of the atmospheric air
Autorzy:: Skrętowicz, M.
Sitnik, L.
Każmierczak, A.
Magdziarz-Tokłowicz, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242005.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: vehicle
exhaust emission
ecology
road transport
combustion engines
air pollution
Opis:: The automotive industry is one of the fastest developing branches in the world. From year to year on the roads appear more and more cars. In the modern vehicles, better and more efficient technologies reducing exhaust emission are applied. However, the cars are still the leading source of air pollution, especially in towns and cities. Car exhaust gases have adverse effect on the human health, because they form so-called “low emission”. It means that they are released into the troposphere at the people living height. As a result, people are exposed to the direct and long-lasting contact with the fumes. Therefore, precise assessment is very important to the vehicles’ impact on the quality of the atmospheric air. The review of the evaluation methods of the impact of vehicles on the air quality was presented in the paper, with special regard to the mathematical dispersion modelling of the exhaust gases. In particular, NOx emission by sector in Poland, changing NOx emissions from road transport in Poland in the years 2000-2009 with regard to the change in the number of cars, vertical cross-section of a typical symmetric urban street canyon are presented in the paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 445-452
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Analiza emisji zanieczyszczeń pojazdów ciężkich w rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu
Analysis of exhaust emission from heavy duty vehicles in real traffic conditions
Autorzy:: Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Gis, W.
Gis, M.
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133897.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: ochrona środowiska
emisja spalin
testy emisyjne
pojazdy ciężkie
ecology
exhaust emission
real drive emission test
heavy duty vehicle
Opis:: W artykule zaprezentowano ocenę emisji zanieczyszczeń pojazdów ciężkich wyposażonych w silniki spalinowe zasilane olejem napędowym. Przedstawiono całościową analizę ekologiczną pojazdu według najnowszych procedur badawczych określonych przez Unię Europejską z wykorzystaniem mobilnych analizatorów spalin, a także na interpretację uzyskiwanych wyników. Rezultatem jest porównanie emisji związków szkodliwych w rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu drogowego według dwóch sposobów pomiaru: metodyki opartej na pomiarze pracy w teście oraz metodyki uwzględniającej cały test jezdny.
The paper presents the evaluation of the emissions of heavy duty vehicles equipped with combustion engines powered by diesel. The article includes a comprehensive ecological analysis of the vehicle according to the latest environmental test procedures defined by the European Union with the use of mobile gas analyzers, as well as the interpretation of the results. The result is a comparison of the exhaust emission in real traffic conditions by two methods of measurement: based on methodology of measurement the work in the test and the methodology which takes into account the entire test.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 350-359
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Ocena porównawcza emisji zanieczyszczeń spalin autobusów: zasilanego CNG i olejem napędowym
Comparative assessment of exhaust emission buses: powered CNG and Diesel
Autorzy:: Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Gis, W.
Gis, M.
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133186.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: ekologia
emisja spalin
CNG
olej napędowy
testy drogowe
ecology
exhaust emission
diesel
road tests
Opis:: Artykuł odnosi się do badań emisji zanieczyszczeń spalin i zużycia paliwa autobusów: zasilanego CNG i olejem napędowym w krajowych rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu drogowego. Analiza ma charakter porównawczy. W artykule przedstawiono charakterystyki stężenia i natężenia emisji związków szkodliwych spalin i przebiegowego zużycia paliwa przez autobusy o różnym zasilaniu. Wnioski odniesiono do aspektów ekologicznych uzyskanych dla zasilania autobusu CNG (biometanem) i zasilanego konwencjonalnym olejem napędowym.
Article refers to the study of exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of buses: powered CNG and diesel oil in the domestic real traffic conditions. The analysis is comparative in nature. This paper presents the characteristics of concentration and intensity of harmful exhaust emissions and mileage fuel consumption by the above buses. Applications referred to the environmental aspects of the power generated for CNG bus (biomethane) and conventionally powered diesel.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 775-781
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Wpływ topografii terenu na energochłonność pojazdu i warunki pracy silnika spalinowego
The influence of terrain topography on vehicle energy intensity and engine operating conditions
Autorzy:: Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Stojecki, A.
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133426.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: topografia terenu
ekologia
emisja spalin
badanie w rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu
natural topography ecology
exhaust emission
real drive emission test
Opis:: W artykule zamieszczono analizę dotyczącą wpływu zróżnicowanych warunków topografii terenu na energochłonność pojazdu wyrażoną oporami jego ruchu, a jednocześnie oceniono warunki pracy silnika spalinowego w takich warunkach. Dotychczasowe badania energochłonności pojazdów odnoszą się do terenów płaskich, i jedynie takie są odzwierciedlane w testach laboratoryjnych. W artykule dokonano analizy oporów jazdy pojazdu dla ustalonych warunków ruchu. Przy znajomości danych dotyczących przeniesienia napędu wyznaczono warunki pracy silnika układu napędowego o zróżnicowanych parametrach pracy. Po wyznaczeniu charakterystyk mocy oporów, wyznaczono maksymalne prędkości jazdy dla różnych warunków topograficznych (określanych wielkością wzniesienia) oraz nadwyżki mocy na kołach, w efekcie wyznaczając warunki pracy silników spalinowych podczas jazdy samochodów osobowych z zmiennych warunkach topografii terenu.
The article includes an analysis of the effect of terrain topography on vehicle's energy intensity expressed in its motion resistance, at the same time the operating conditions of the engine have been evaluated in such conditions. Previous studies of the energy intensity of vehicles refer to flat areas and only those are reflected in laboratory tests. The article shows the analysis of the vehicle's motion resistance for established traffic conditions. With knowledge of the data on propulsion transmission it was possible to determine the engine operating conditions for different operating parameters. The maximum speed values for different topographic conditions have been determined (referred by the slope values) as also excess capacity on the wheels, in effect the operating conditions of internal combustion engines of cars in varying topographic conditions have been determined.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 341-349
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Ocena ekologiczna autobusów komunikacji miejskiej zasilanych gazem ziemnym
Ecological assessment of city buses powered by natural gas
Autorzy:: Gis, W.
Merkisz, J.
Pielecha, J.
Gis, M.
Jasiński, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133077.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: ekologia
emisja spalin
gaz ziemny
badanie w rzeczywistych warunkach ruchu
autobusy komunikacji miejskiej
ecology
exhaust emissions
natural gas
real drive emission test
city buses
Opis:: Tematyka artykułu dotyczy analizy parametrów ekologicznych autobusów komunikacji miejskiej wyposażonych w silniki spalinowe zasilane paliwem alternatywnym. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki pomiarów emisji zanieczyszczeń autobusów miejskich przeprowadzonych w dwóch etapach: jazdy standardowej oraz zgodnej z zasadami ecodrivingu. Analiza wyników ma charakter porównawczy dla różnych stylów jazdy autobusów. Podano także charakterystyki udziału czasu pracy w przedziałach: prędkości i przyspieszenia odniesionych do pojazdu oraz prędkość obrotowa wału korbowego i obciążenia odniesionych do silnika. W tych samych przedziałach przedstawiono również charakterystyki emisji mierzonych związków spalin. Wnioski odniesiono głównie do aspektów ekologicznych uzyskanych dla różnych stylów jazdy autobusem miejskim.
The article concerns the analysis of the environmental performance of public buses equipped with combustion engines powered by alternative fuel. The paper presents selected results of the emission measurement of buses carried out in two stages: normal driving and consistent with the principles of eco-driving. Analysis of the results is a comparison of two different styles of driving. The characteristics of the operating time share have been shown in the coordinates of: speed and acceleration referenced to the vehicle and the rotational speed of the crankshaft and the load referenced to the engine. In the same ranges also the characteristics of measured exhaust compounds are shown. The conclusions are mainly referenced to ecological aspects of different driving styles of city buses.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 3; 360-368
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Issues of emission evaluation of road-rail vehicles in the aspect of current type approval regulations
Autorzy:: Daszkiewicz, Paweł
Rymaniak, Łukasz
Kamińska, Michalina
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133365.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2019
Wydawca:: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:: engine exhaust emission
road-rail vehicle
fuel consumption
research in real conditions
ecology
emisja spalin z silnika
pojazd szynowo-drogowy
zużycie paliwa
badania w warunkach rzeczywistych
ekologia
Opis:: One of the ways to reduce exhaust emissions from vehicles is to replace worn-out shunting locomotives with road-rail tractors. The main purpose of this solution is to reduce the negative environmental impact of the vehicle and to reduce the fuel consumption compared to a shunting locomotive performing the same work. The tests on exhaust emissions of rail vehicles are carried out on an engine test bench, making it impossible to determine the environmental performance of these vehicles during real operation. Therefore, it is advisable to carry out measurements in real operating conditions in order to obtain reliable reference results. This enables the verification of vehicles ecological indicators in a wide range of operational work parameters. It is possible to obtain reliable results regarding the impact of the tested vehicle on the natural environment in this way and compare them with the applicable emission standards.
Źródło:: Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 269-273
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:: Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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