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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 91
Tytuł:
Stomatocyst 29 Cabala is a pollen grain, not a chrysophyte cyst
Autorzy:
Piatek, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
chemical composition
pollen
chrysophyte stomatocyst
pollen grain
Tatras Mountains
energy dispersive spectrometer
botany
Lake Dwoisty Staw Gasienicowy
Opis:
Stomatocyst 29 Cabała was described from the Żabie Oko lake in the Tatra Mts, Poland, in 2005 as a chrysophycean stomatocyst new to science. The examination of the recently found specimens in the Dwoisty Staw Gąsienicowy lake in the Tatra Mts, including their chemical composition, showed that stomatocyst 29 is not a cyst, but a pollen grain.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2008, 77, 1
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Verification of mathematical description of changes in air temperature and humidity in headings ventilated with auxiliary ventilation system
Weryfikacja metematycznego opisu zmian temperatury i wilgotności powietrza w wyrobiskach przewietrzanych lutniciągiem tłoczącym z dadatkowym wentylatorem o zmienianej prędkości obrotowej
Autorzy:
Nowak, B.
Piątek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/219800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
aerologia górnicza
wentylacja odrębna
lutniociągi
komfort pracy
mining aerology
auxiliary ventilation
duct lines
comfort of work
Opis:
The article presents verification of the mathematical model which was developed in earlier works, describing, through distributions of temperature, specific humidity, and flow rate of both fresh and exhaust air in the dead end headings ventilated with forcing duct line ventilation system, the climatic conditions existing in those headings. On the route of the considered duct line, an additional fan with a variable rotational speed was installed in order to avoid recirculation of the air between the inside of the duct line and the heading. The task of this auxiliary fan is an increase in the volumetric flow rate of fresh air at the mine face. The above-mentioned verification was based on a comparison of the calculation results obtained from the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations of the first order and algebraic equations with the results of measurements carried out in the selected mine heading. Wide comparative material was obtained by changing the location of the auxiliary fan in the duct line for a given heading length, and the heading length itself. 14 research variants were obtained in this way, in which, in addition to the already mentioned temperatures and humidity of the air, also the rotor speeds of the auxiliary fan were compared. The results of calculations and measurements have been presented in a graphical form. Their comparison was carried out using statistical methods.
W artykule przeprowadzono weryfikację, wyprowadzonego we wcześniejszych pracach, modelu matematycznego opisującego, poprzez rozkłady temperatury, wilgotności właściwej oraz prędkości przepływu zarówno świeżego jak i zużytego powietrza w ślepych wyrobiskach przewietrzanych tłoczącą wentylacją lutniową, istniejące w tych wyrobiskach warunki klimatyczne. Na trasie rozważnego lutniociągu zabudowano dodatkowy wentylator o zmienianej, w celu uniknięcia recyrkulacji powietrza między wnętrzem tego lutniociągu a wyrobiskiem, prędkości obrotowej. Zadaniem dodatkowego wentylatora jest wzrost wydatku objętościowego powietrza świeżego w przodku. Wspomniana weryfikacja polegała na porównaniu wyników obliczeń otrzymanych z numerycznego rozwiązania układu równań różniczkowych zwyczajnych pierwszego rzędu i równań algebraicznych z wynikami pomiarów przeprowadzonymi w wybranym wyrobisku górniczym. Szeroki materiał porównawczy uzyskano zmieniając lokalizację wentylatora dodatkowego w lutniociągu dla danego wybiegu wyrobiska jak i sam wybieg wyrobiska. Uzyskano w ten sposób 14 wariantów badawczych, w których oprócz wymienionych już temperatur i wilgotności powietrza porównywano także prędkości obrotowe wirnika dodatkowego wentylatora. Wyniki obliczeń i pomiarów przedstawiono w formie graficznej. Ich porównanie przeprowadzono stosując metody statystyczne.
Źródło:
Archives of Mining Sciences; 2014, 59, 2; 529-551
0860-7001
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Mining Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Dilemma of Present Day: Guerrilla, Terrorist and Asymmetric Warfare
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031836.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Terrorism
international security
asymmetric warfare
Opis:
In order to describe the environment surrounding us, so complex in terms of relations resulting from using violence, we easily employ terms such as ‘partisan’ or ‘militant’, just in order to define the very same ones as terrorists a while later. Probably the benchmark of contemporary description, especially of political action is the lack of clear-cut attitudes. Terrorism is nothing new, and this statement in itself is not very revealing. However, for many contemporary researchers of this issue, there is never too much information. Terrorism has always accompanied the history of oppressive regimes as well as resistance movements and uprisings. All the same, within the anti- colonial insurrectionary movements of the mid-20th century which led to the fall of European colonial empires over a short period of time, terrorism achieved new quality. It should also be emphasized that it achieved considerable political successes compared to the social-revolutionary terrorism of the late 19th century. The attribute ‘terrorist’ serves as an excluding one in different relations. By employing such term, one that their cause is an unconventional one – leastways as long as specific ways of using violence are applied. On the other hand, groups classified as terrorist ones often describe themselves as partisans who are fighting for the liberation of certain social or ethnic groups and who have to employ “unconventional” methods of using force because of the military superiority of the oppressive regime. By describing certain actions as ‘terrorist’ one usually intends on bereaving it of every sort of political legitimation. Is there any aspect that terrorism and guerrilla actions have in common? In certain socio-revolutionary or ethno-separatist strategies of violence, the concept of terrorism consists in the idea of a ‘starter’ which is to create the conditions to commence the guerrilla war. There could also be groups acting as partisans on one front line, and as terrorists on the other. The example is Al-Qaeda: in Central Asia its network operated only temporarily, as a kind of guerrilla, while in the global scale it employed terrorist strategy.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2014, 5; 46-62
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Soldier Woman. Woman in the Arms of the Mars
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032313.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
violence
gender
soldier woman
military service
Opis:
A term „violence”, despite transformations of the meanings, has always been connected with relations between genders, and as such, what it means in a given society to be a woman and a man and which economic, social and psychological relations have been assigned to these categories. At least since the 18th century, unequal share of the power between men and women has been justified with, among others, a different share of “passion” and different potential of violence. A real power ready to use violence should be focused on the men side while a tasks of women should be neutralizing men’s readiness to use violence, achieved by subjecting themselves to men. For thousands of years military battles have been almost exclusively a man’s privilege. Even 100 years ago, women did not have a right to vote even in western countries with the longest democratic traditions. Today, giving a woman the highest office in a state is not unusual. So can we talk about a fall of the patriarchy and replacing men by women even in such man fields as war and military battles?
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2013, 4; 165-177
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Conditions and Changing Image of Military Forces in the Early 21st Century. Readiness to Unlimited Violence?
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2027987.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Military Theory
Military Forces
Opis:
Today’s world undergoes unbelievably rapid changes in the main spheres of social life. Nearly everyday we can see spectacular socio-political, economic, cultural, science and technological transformation. Rules previously typical for an industrial society became obsolete. The third wave of civilization development and information society emerges. Increasingly more often production capacity enables manufacturing goods considerably saturated with modern knowledge to develop into highly advanced technologies. New forms of production developed, including soft ware, media, advertising, consulting, and public relations. Consequently, the stage of relative stabilization comes to its end and threats result from the lack of ability to follow continuous changes.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2008, 37; 31-42
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Permanent Presence? USA in the Security Policy of the Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963347.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
political alliance
security policy
Polish Army
NATO
USA
Opis:
The consequence of systemic and political changes in Poland involved reorientation of Polish policy in terms of perceiving security. It was reflected in newly defined policy directions which expression involved a search for the new guarantees of security. The problem of ensuring state security in new geopolitical conditions is expressed in the adopted hierarchy of priorities of implementation of the Polish national interest. The exercise of the specified policy priorities means Poland’s obtaining a solid security basis. The Polish Army, the armed forces of the Republic of Poland, has become an element of NATO’s broad security system. The implementation of the policy in this regard by the Polish government has recently been more and more unidimensional. Only cooperation with the USA is at the target of the Polish security policy. Issues related to its costs remain outside its determinants. There is no reflection on being dependent on another egoistic player.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2019, 10; 92-102
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sources of the contemporary strategic thinking. Readiness to unlimited violence
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Opis:
Relationships between the United States and the Soviet Union not only wielded enormous influence on almost half century of international relations, but freed also an entire number of analyses and strategic theories, which and in our times have their bigger or smaller references. Cold war in one’s for the political plane and military was the “golden age” for the strategy. For the author of the most interesting strategic analyses, with which in the huge rank it isn’t possible to comprehend, as only historical formed the strategic action appealing above all to Clausewitza and Lenin. The strategy is pointing, how a victory refers through the war, it isn’t possible so, of course, to ponder issues of the strategy until they determine, what the war is. According to the famous Clausewitza definition, the war is an act of violence, being aimed at forcing the opponent to fulfil of our will. This expression contains two crucial elements. Firstly, the war assumes the violence what is distinguishing her from other forms of political, economic or military rivalry. Secondly, it isn’t the pointless slaughter, but the tool being used to achieve the political purpose. It outlined the vision of world with time with the arms race and manners of the effective disarmament?
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2012, 3; 207-223
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of the Armed Forces in Security Policy. Control over the Army
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Armed forces
security policy
state policy
military control
Opis:
Civilian management and democratic control over the army do not only consist in establishing organs and mechanisms of control and optimising their activity. It is significant to determine and respect the role of the armed forces in the society, which would allow making the army a politically neutral instrument of legally functioning forces as well as appropriate organisational structures with strictly defined protection measures allocated to carry out the undertakings of the state and the nation. The position and function of the army in society should be based on the fact that it reflects the features of the society it comes from. In order to facilitate the effective progression of the process, the following aspects should be taken into account: in what manner the army reacts to the decisions and actions of civilian society; whether there are intermediary bodies between these spheres; to what extent the armed forces represent the interests of the society; and whether a soldier-citizen exists or if the two notions should be treated separately
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2016, 7; 109-122
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ability to formulate challenges and priorities of the Polish presidency
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
polish presidency in the European Council
polish foreign politics
Europeanization
priorities of polish presidency
Opis:
Organizational preparations to the Polish Presidency are in progress at full steam. We began accomplishment of some tasks in 2007 starting from the analysis of experiences of other countries. In 2008, the Government Plenipotentiary for the Polish Presidency in the EU was appointed and in January 2009 the Polish government passed a comprehensive program of preparations to this historical event. Moreover in 2009 the financial resources for organization were provided, logistic preparations as well as trainings for Polish officials and first promo and information activities were undertaken. On July 1, 2011 Poland will assume the Presidency of the EU Council. It is not only a great challenge requiring strategic planning, full political and organizational activity on domestic and European level but also, what the representatives of the current government emphasize, a big opportunity for Poland in shaping the EU. According to them, the Presidency gives a possibility of a bigger and real influence on decisions taken in the EU. To the public opinion, they send messages that we will have an opportunity to present in the EU arena the priorities of Polish policy, emphasize the most important area, submit our own ideas and initiatives. Only few emphasize the fact that the Presidency is mainly the continuation of previous activities of the EU, providing its coherent functioning and guaranteeing the vote in the worldwide important matters.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2011, 2; 69-90
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem rewitalizacji podziemi w obrębie Wzgórza Zamkowego w Będzinie
Problem of the renovation of the basements in the area of the Zamkowe Hill in Będzin - synopsis
Autorzy:
Piątek, J.
Myga-Piątek, U.
Mieduniecki, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/350327.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
podziemia
udostępnienie turystyczne
rewitalizacja
walory kulturowe
underground passage
tourist accessible
revitalization
cultural values
Opis:
Jedną z atrakcji średniowiecznego Będzina są usytuowane we wschodniej części Wzgórza Zamkowego podziemia. Celem artykułu jest nie tylko charakterystyka morfologiczna i morfometryczna tej specyficznej budowli, ale także opis przypuszczalnej genezy i obecnego stanu, oraz jego zagospodarowanie. Artykuł omawia problem rewitalizacji podziemi na tle ogólnych walorów przyrodniczych i kulturowych miasta, przez co uzasadnia koncepcję m.in. turystycznego wykorzystania budowli. Tekst powstał na podstawie badań terenowych, inwentaryzacji korytarzy, studiów kartograficznych i związanych z tematem literatury. Zostały w nim również uwzględnione dane pochodzące z komplementarnych projektów dotyczących zagospodarowania Wzgórza Zamkowego. Omawiane w artykule poniemieckie podziemia znajdują się we wschodniej części Wzgórza Zamkowego, pomiędzy aleją Kołłątaja a ulicą Podzamcze. Powstały one w wyniku sztucznego poszerzania tektonicznych i krasowych spękań założonych na wapieniach środkowego triasu. Geneza poniemieckich podziemi nie jest jednoznacznie wyjaśniona do dziś. Wiadomo, że powstały podczas II wojny światowej, prawdopodobnie jako magazyny broni dla Wehrmahtu lub schrony przeciwlotnicze w niedalekim sąsiedztwie zamku. Istnieje także hipoteza wskazująca na planowaną podziemną fabrykę broni. Z uwagi na wiek wyrobisk i brak wcześniejszych prac zabezpieczających stan techniczny korytarzy jest bardzo zróżnicowany. Wskutek wykonania wyrobisk metodami strzałowymi oraz w wyniku naturalnych procesów przemieszczania skał wokół ich niezabudowanych części, jakie zachodzą od ponad 60 lat, występuje odspajanie i odpadanie ławic wapienno-dolomitowych. Można zauważyć różne stadia budowy korytarzy. Stąd wymagane są różne rodzaje zabezpieczeń. Istnieją jednak także takie miejsca, w których zabezpieczenia są zbędne. Koncepcja przyszłego wykorzystania podziemi zakłada podział na trzy, o różnym stopniu intensywności udostępnienia i użytkowania, strefy. W pierwszej, o charakterze ogólnodostępnym, planowana jest działalność turystyczna. Druga ma charakter komercyjny, zakłada funkcjonowanie niewielkiej strefy usługowej. Trzecia będzie mieć dostęp ograniczony. Wydzielone chodniki pozostaną miejscem bytowania nietoperzy oraz zostaną objęte takimi badaniami naukowymi jak: monitoring procesów geologiczno-geomorfologicznych i ekologicznych.
One of the attractions in the medieval Będzin are the basements situated in the eastern part of the Zamkowe Hill. The aim of this article is to characterize morphological and morphometrical specificity of this structure, description of its presumable genesis and present condition, as well as its development. The article describes the problem of the renovation of the basements within the confines of general natural and cultural virtues, and it justifies the conception of their tourist use. The article has been prepared on the basis of area research, stocktaking of the passageways, literature and cartographic studies, as well as the data from complementary projects concerning the development of the Zamkowe Hill. The after-German basements, which are described in the article, are situated in the eastern part of the Zamkowe Hill between Kołłątaja Avenue and Podzamcze Street. They started to exist because of unnatural widening of tectonic and karst cracks of the limestones coming from the Middle Triassic. The anthropogenesis of the after-German basements hasn't been clearly explained till nowadays. It is said that they had come into existence during the Second World War, probably as depots of the Wehrmacht's weapons or air-raid shelters in the near area of castle. There is a hypothesis that it could be a place of an underground weapon factory. Because of the age of the headings and any earlier made security operations, the technical conditions of the passageways are very differential. Because the headings were made by using the blasting methods and there were natural processes of the displacement of rocks around the unbuilt parts of the headings, what happens for over 60 years, there is seen loosening and falling off the calcareous and dolomite banks. We can notice different building stages of the passageways. It is required to use different kinds of protection methods. There are some places where the protection is needless. The conception of future development of the basements creates three spheres with different levels of intensity of popularizing and using them. It is intended to run a tourist activity in the first sphere - as an area open to everybody. The second sphere - commercial - is connected with services. The third sphere will have a limited access. The chosen passageways will be an area of bats and they will be covered by a scientific monitoring of geological, geomorphological and ecological processes.
Źródło:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria; 2006, 30, 4; 87-95
1732-6702
Pojawia się w:
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Non-Governmental Organizations in Ensuring Security
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Security
non-governmental organizations
Information and Communication Technologies
Third Sector
Opis:
Various social, political and economic contexts give rise to visibly different concepts of security and these differences make one ponder on the limitations of traditional concepts of democratization and political development. Scientists, politicians and activists are now ever more boldly beginning to ask difficult but necessary questions about the appropriate dynamics of the processes of creating security and about the priorities adopted within them, searching for ways on which these processes could be co-created by traditional, local visions of needs of citizens’ safe life. The review of scholarly literature and political journalism addressing security points out new spheres of debates and subjects of controversy within this discipline. In a situation where in security-related processes governments cannot be the only ones that dominate, a question about the possibility of expanding activities with non-governmental organizations arises.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2020, 11; 30-44
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ethnic diversity or ethnic disintegration for the existence of a contemporary conflict
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
contemporary politics
ethnic culture
military conflicts
Opis:
In many analysis of contemporary military conflicts, their ethnicity is emphasized. Ethnic dissimilarities are indicated as the main element which causes diversity leading to even very dramatic events. For some people dissimilarity is a possibility of marginalization, for others a possibility of arousing some values which nowadays are very often treated as secondary. Ethnicity has a changeable character resulting from the process of its settling. It cannot be seen according to the rights characteristic for former processes. To what extend does the category change in the contemporary world? Isn’t it used only in order to hide a lack of communication and reluctance to compromises? Isn’t ethnicity manipulated by polititians, very o! en temporarily understanding interest of people communities, who because of very low reasons oppose symbolism of ethnicity to arising processes of modernization? Or maybe ethnicity is another “magic charm” which we use so easily sitting in a “quiet” of a political stability. The process which can be easily placed in universalism and hardly in rationalism.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2010, 39; 292-303
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Book review: Karolina J. Helnarska, “Od Europejskiej Wspólnoty Obronnej do Europejskiej Agencji Obrony”, Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek, Toruń 2009, pp. 245
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026809.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
book review
Karolina J. Helnarska
Jarosław J. Piątek
Opis:
The publication is another title falling into the subject: Common European Safety and Defense Policy. However, it differs from previous depictions of European Union’s activity in the second pillar. The author’s aim was an analysis of a development of European identity in the field of safety and defense from its origins, that is activities taken and decisions made in the second half of the 1940s. The author has followed through the European safety and defense policy from the moment of shaping its conception (Pleven plan) and setting up the European Defence Community until setting up the European Defence Agency. The treaty instituting the European Defence Community deserves a special attention. It is the first presentation of such important Western Europe’s striving for creating the European armed forces in the literature of the subject.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2010, 39; 310-312
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Military Force in Contemporary Political Reality
Autorzy:
Piątek, Jarosław J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
international security
modern warfare
national security
international relations
Opis:
For the purposes of this article it has been assumed that the army should not become an autonomous constituent of the state’s structure, since this would pose a threat of taking over a dominant position by this specific formation. The aim of the article is to analyze the modification of the reasons for the outbreak of war, and the means of conducting it. The ongoing changes in the security environment, both in national and worldwide scale, as well as the proceeding national interests of our country imply increasingly advanced tasks for the army and considerably extend their range. The process of transformation in the Polish army is being continued. Further changes are targeted at increasing operational capability in order to enable efficient accomplishment of domestic tasks and performing missions outside its borders. In the contemporary international reality there is a prevailing conviction, that the threat of the outbreak of a global-scale war is rather unlikely. However, other jeopardies and risks have recently come to the fore.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2015, 6; 44-59
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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