Autor: Germuska, Pál - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Wydatki wojskowe i obronne na Węgrzech w latach 1949–1979
Military and Defence Expenses in Hungary between 1949–1979
Autorzy:: Germuska, Pál
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477168.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
Opis:: The study presents the development of the military and defence expenses during the period of 1949 to 1979, based on so far unknown, formerly top secret sources. It describes the decisional mechanisms, the party and state organisations having the competence to determine the mentioned expense, as well as the international circumstances and internal events influencing the volume of the military expense. From 1949 till 1956 a dual budgetary system was in application in Hungary as well: beside the official, public budget existed a secret budget containing the military expense and state dotations to be dissimulated. Concerning the military expenditure, as from 1956 another hiding technique was also in use: the budget line of the Ministry of Defence contained exclusively the operational costs, while the cost of investments and weapon acquisitions was placed among the items of the national economy investments and the trade expenditure.
Źródło:: Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2010, 1(15); 325-347
1427-7476
Pojawia się w:: Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: „Uszy” Kadafiego. Produkcja radiowych urządzeń wywiadowczych na Węgrzech w latach 1965–1985
Kaddafi ’s „Ears”. Manufacture of Intelligence Radio Equipment in Hungary 1965–1985
Autorzy:: Germuska, Pál
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477202.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
Opis:: According to a popular legend in the military world, colonel Moamer el-Kadhafi could owe his life solely to Hungarian radio reconnaissance stations. In April of 1986 the United States of America intended to kill the Libyan dictator by a quick and unexpected air-strike. It is alleged that the maintenance brigade of the Hungarian manufacturer were just doing regular maintenance works of the radio reconnaissance instruments, when they noticed and decoded the communication of the American attackers, and they alarmed Kadhafi who could this way survive the bombing. Although, the trustworthiness of some elements of the story can be questioned, it would only proper to ask how an East-Central European country could produce such kind of reconnaissance instruments and why they were placed out in an Arabian country. This study attempts to give additional information through presenting a special company of the national telecommunications industry about the socialist system of the 1970–80s. Countries of the Soviet block broke away fi nally from the technologically highly developed world during these two decades, because they were unable to keep up with the changes following the computer revolution. At the same time, the story of the production of radio reconnaissance instruments modulates this commonplace to a certain degree: it introduces the technological challenges Hungarian industry had to cope with, the international trends it tried to adopt, the efforts made in the fi eld of (military) research and development, and the changes what an East-Central European company could have in the market of high technology.
Źródło:: Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2009, 1(14); 343-356
1427-7476
Pojawia się w:: Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki