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Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
Tytuł:
Unawareness of Self-interest Bias in Moral Judgments of Others’ Behavior
Autorzy:
Bocian, Konrad
Wojciszke, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951959.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
self-interest
moral judgment
egotistic bias
Opis:
Previous studies (Bocian & Wojciszke, 2014) showed that self-interest biases moral perception of others’ unethical actions. Moreover, affective changes in attitudinal responses towards the perpetrator of an immoral act drives the bias. In the present studies, we attempted to answer the question whether people are aware of the self-interest bias in their judgments of others’ behavior. We conducted two experiments showing that moral judgments of verbally described and imagined actions were dominated by norms rather than self-interest (Study 1) and that people were not aware that self-interest distorted their moral judgment (Study 2). The unawareness of the self-interest bias among the participants was attributable to omission of their own emotional responses when forecasting their moral judgments. We discuss the importance of emotions presence in studies on moral judgments as well as contribution of the present research to the intuitionist approach to moral judgment.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2014, 45, 4; 411-417
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing size and subjective value of objects with diminutive names
Autorzy:
Bocian, Konrad
Białobrzeska, Olga
Parzuchowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
diminutives
judgment
language
money
perception
size
Opis:
Numerous studies show that language (in its grammatical forms or morphology) can influence both perceptual judgments, as well as the mental categorization of objects in memory. Previous research showed that using diminutive names of objects resulted in being less satisfied with owning said objects and lowering their perceived value. In the present studies, to explore this phenomenon, we decided to investigate whether the influence of a diminutive on the reduction in the subjective value of an object is determined by the perceived size of the object, in accordance with the „bigger is better” heuristic. In Study 1 participants estimated a banknote to be smaller when it was presented with a diminutive label “banknocik” (banknote with diminutive) than “banknot” (banknote). However, this was not related to the perceived subjective value of the banknote. In Study 2 participants declared that they could buy less with a coin labeled as “pieniążek” (coin with diminutive) than “pieniądz” (coin), but the effect was not linked to the perceived size of the coins. In Study 3 a candy bar labeled as “batonik” (candy bar with diminutive) was evaluated worse than the same product labeled “baton” (candy bar), however, once again this was not related to the evaluation of its size (weight). Thus, we show that the effect of diminutives on the reduction in the subjective value of an object is independent of the evaluation of the size of the object and we consider other explanations for the occurrence of this phenomenon.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2017, 3; 423-429
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
When Dishonesty Leads to Trust: Moral Judgments Biased by Self-interest are Truly Believed
Autorzy:
Bocian, Konrad
Baryla, Wieslaw
Wojciszke, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/430780.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
moral judgments
self-interest bias
cheating
trust
Opis:
Research has shown that cheating is perceived as immoral when it serves the cheater’s interests, though it can be seen as moral when it serves the interests of the perceiver. However, are such biased moral judgments real, or are they merely lip service? To answer the question of whether biased moral judgments actually inform behavior, the authors asked participants to observe a confederate who either cheated for money or did not cheat, which benefited either the confederate alone or both the confederate and the participating observer. Then, participants evaluated the confederate and, finally, played a one shot trust game with her. Cheating influenced moral judgments and decreased behavioral trust, but this only occurred when self-interest was not involved. When self-interest was involved, participants showed no significant differences in trust levels, independent of whether the confederate had cheated or not. Implications for the dual process theory in moral psychology are discussed.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2016, 47, 3; 366-372
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanizmy adaptacyjne umożliwiające życie bakterii w wysokich temperaturach
The mechanisms of adaptation allowing bacteria to survive in high temperatures
Autorzy:
Hus, Konrad
Bocian, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1034141.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. Kopernika
Tematy:
bacteria
chaperones
thermophiles
thermostability
trehalose
bakterie
chaperony
termofile
termostabilność
trehaloza
Opis:
Z antropocentrycznego punktu widzenia, środowiska cechujące się wysokimi temperaturami opisywane są jako ekstremalne. Pierwotnie uważano, że są one zbyt niekorzystne dla rozwoju życia, jednakże wiele badań naukowych dowiodło, iż istnieje spora grupa mikroorganizmów, które mogą przetrwać w tak trudnych warunkach. Jednakże aby było to możliwe, organizmy te wykształciły wiele mechanizmów i strategii ochrony komórki przed niekorzystnymi warunkami środowiska. Zaliczyć tu można: produkcję białek szoku cieplnego, stabilizację struktury DNA, błyskawiczną resyntezę ATP, aminokwasów i innych termolabilnych składników komórki, syntezę trehalozy i innych cząsteczek stabilizujących struktury komórkowe, zwiększoną syntezę specyficznych proteaz, zastąpienie nukleotydów nikotynamidowych przez stabilniejszą ferredoksynę czy zmianę ekspresji genów w komórce. Enzymy produkowane przez mikroorganizmy termofilne są obecnie źródłem intensywnych badań, głównie ze względu na swoje wyjątkowe właściwości i szerokie zastosowanie w przemyśle.
From the anthropocentric point of view, the environments that are characterized by high temperatures have been identified as extreme ones. Originally, they were considered as too extreme to allow any organism to survive. However, later investigations have revealed that there exists a fairly large group of microorganisms thriving very well in these conditions. In order to withstand high temperatures these microorganisms have developed numerous mechanisms and strategies for protecting their cells. They include inter alia production of heat shock proteins, stabilization of the double-stranded DNA structure, rapid re-synthesis of ATP, certain amino acids and other heat-labile components of the cell, enhanced synthesis of: trehalose and other molecules stabilizing cell structures, and specific proteases hydrolyzing denatured proteins, substitution of termo-labile nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides by more thermally stable ferredoxin, as well as modifications of gene expression. Presently, enzymes produced by thermophilic microorganisms are an important area of research owing to their unique properties and wide industrial applications.
Źródło:
Kosmos; 2017, 66, 2; 175-184
0023-4249
Pojawia się w:
Kosmos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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