Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

English (EN)·Polski (PL)·Yкраїнський (UK)
Przejdź do strony domowej biblioteki Centralna Biblioteka Wojskowa Link otwiera się w nowym oknie Logo biblioteki Prolib Integro - strona głównaCentralna Biblioteka Wojskowa

Wyszukujesz frazę "secondary school students" wg kryterium: Temat

  Lista filtrów

Dostawca treści

Wyrównaj
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 41
Tytuł:
Educational interest in relation to academic achievement of the secondary school students in Meghalaya, India
Autorzy:
Lyngdoh Tron, Caroline
Kharbirymbai, Brinda Bazeley
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1366428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-17
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
educational interest, academic achievement, secondary school students
Opis:
Aim. The aim of this study is to present the relationship between educational interest and academic achievement of the secondary school students in East Khasi Hills District, Meghalaya, India. The standardised tool used for the study is the Educational Interest Record by Kulshrestha (2016). In order to assess the academic achievement, the final year examination results of students were collected. Methods. The sample of the study comprised of 300 secondary school students drawn from fifteen secondary schools under Meghalaya Board of School Education. Stratified random sampling was used with equal representation to gender and locale. Analysis was done by using Pearson ‘r’ (Product Moment Correlation) and t-test. Results. The findings of the study revealed a negative relationship between educational and academic achievement. There is a significant difference in the educational interest in terms of gender, but no significant difference was found between locales of the secondary school students. Conclusions. The assessment of the educational interest may be considered one of the crucial methods used in the education system, as teaching of subjects alone cannot help the students in the educational development. On the other hand, academic achievement is one of the areas in which relatively accurate information can be obtained with relation to individual’s ability or capacity. The study has provided information which indicate that students do not have a clear understanding about their own interests and abilities. Hence, guidance and counselling need to be integrated into the secondary school curriculum in the state in order to help the students better understand their interests and abilities. Educational guidance and counselling will also enable the students to plan both their higher education and career in thefuture.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2021, 12, 1; 555-562
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Classroom Interaction in Oral Language Learning Events Created by EFL Storytelling-based Games
Autorzy:
Gąsior, Klaudia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601289.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
classroom interaction, storytelling, games, EFL speaking, secondary school students
Opis:
The paper aims at discussing some examples of classroom interaction in the context of playing “One Word/Sentence at a Time” and “Story Cubes” games by Polish secondary school students of English. First, it gives an overview of definitions and major types of classroom interaction. Second, it presents the opportunities for classroom interaction offered by a game-like environment. Then, the action research study conducted with a group of EFL learners is presented. The participants were recorded in the course of storytelling-oriented lessons and their stories were transcribed. Summing up the data gathered throughout the study, it is evident that the games offer a highly interactive FL classroom environment in which various categories of student-talk intertwine with teacher-talk.
Źródło:
New Horizons in English Studies; 2019, 4
2543-8980
Pojawia się w:
New Horizons in English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ITS INFLUENCE ON ACADEMIC INTEREST OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MEGHALAYA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Autorzy:
Lamare, Toba
Myrthong, Euodia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
socio-economic status
interest
academic interest
secondary school students
Opis:
Aim. The study intends to determine the influence of socio-economic status on academic interest of secondary school students in Meghalaya. The study was conducted in two districts of Meghalaya i.e., in East Jaintia Hills and West Jaintia Hills Districts. Method. The researcher used sequential explanatory design for collecting the necessary information. The procedure of data collection was that the researcher constructed a semi-structured interview schedule whereby it was validated by the experts in the field of education. In order to determine the influence of socio-economic status on academic interest of secondary school students, the researcher conducted an in-depth interview on 50 secondary school students who were studying in class X. These students were selected purposively from two districts of Meghalaya. The interview was conducted at school premises and the necessary information collected from students was recorded and transcribed to obtain the results. Results. Based on the interview conducted, the study found that socio-economic status did not influence the academic interest of the secondary school students; however, student’s high aspirations, their interest in various subjects, their ambitions, determination and will power to work hard in their studies influence their academic interest. Conclusion. Socio-economic status was not found to have influences on the academic interest of the secondary school students and on the whole the present study suggested for teachers and parents to work cooperatively in order to help students realize their goals and desires.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2020, 11, 2; 521-532
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teoria efektów stratyfikacyjnych Raymonda Boudona i jej współczesne implementacje w badaniach edukacyjnych
Raymond Boudon’s Theory of Effects of Stratification and its Modern Implementations in Educational Research
Autorzy:
Długosz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
educational inequality
primary effects
secondary effects
secondary school students
high school graduatess
Opis:
The aim of the article is to apply Raymond Boudon’s theory of educational inequalities to the analysis and explanation of educational inequalities in Poland. The theory of primary and secondary effects of stratification was tested among the groups of middle school students (N = 1787) and secondary school leavers (N = 1168). The results of the analyses in both groups confirmed the presence of all the mechanisms of educational inequalities formulated within Boudon’s theory. First of all, the influence of one’s standing and capitals on the attitude towards education was observed. The students from middle classes more often valued tertiary education highly and noticed the relationship between higher education and life success. Secondly, educational performance was higher among the students of higher status, equipped with capitals. Thirdly, in the case of identical educational achievements, more ambitious educational choices were made by students of higher status. Fourthly, the influence of middle schools on educational aspirations has been discovered. The results of the research confirmed the validity of the theory of effects of stratification and proved its relevance and usefulness in terms of researching the effects of educational changes in Poland.
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2020, 58; 147-168
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Motivation for participation in competition and avoidance of competition: the role of the accuracy of comparative self-evaluations of academic performance
Autorzy:
Šimek, Damjan
Košir, Katja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2012234.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
competitiveness
comparative self-evaluations
academic achievement
social comparisons
secondary school students
Opis:
To investigate the role of academic achievement in the reasons for participation in and/or avoidance of competition more clearly, the presented research was aimed at assessing the role of the discrepancy between objective evaluations and subjective self-evaluations of academic performance in secondary school students. The differences between under-raters, accurate raters, and over-raters in their reasons for participation in and/or avoidance of competition were investigated. The study comprised 534 secondary school students. The results do not clearly indicate possible benefits of the positive bias; we found that under-rating may have some advantages in the sense of mastery orientation and self-improvement motives (upward comparison) in competitive situations. Concerning other reasons for participation in competition, as well as reasons for avoiding it, students were found to rely more on teachers’ objective measure of academic performance than on the (in)accurate aspect of social comparison information.
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2015, 39; 142-152
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
E-texts or p-texts? Evidence from reading comprehension tasks for Polish teenage learners of English
Autorzy:
Gąsior, Klaudia Emanuela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/606251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
reading comprehension
EFL reading
paper texts
electronic texts
secondary school students
Opis:
Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
Research investigating differences between reading comprehension of electronic and paper texts has so far provided conflicting evidence. Thus, the present paper aims to examine the impact of the text source on the quality of reading comprehension of Polish intermediate learners of English. In a pre-test the participants representing a similar level of this subskill were selected and divided into two groups. In the study proper, the control group read a paper version of the text while the treatment group did it using a computer screen. Although the participants’ results were better in the case of e-texts than of p-texts, these differences were not statistically significant.
L'article contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
Źródło:
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature; 2019, 43, 4
0137-4699
Pojawia się w:
Lublin Studies in Modern Languages and Literature
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Authors’ response (December 7, 2017) to the letter to the Editor concerning the paper “Trends in smoking among secondary school and high school students in Poland, 2009 and 2011”
Autorzy:
Wojtyła-Buciora, Paulina
Stawińska-Witoszyńska, Barbara
Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Wiola
Wojtyła, Cezary
Biliński, Piotr
Urbaniak, Monika
Wojtyła, Andrzej
Marcinkowski, Jerzy T.
Wojciechowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2160042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-04
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
health education
cigarette smoking
tobacco epidemiology
smoking initiation
secondary school students
high school students
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2018, 31, 4; 541-542
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Trends in smoking among secondary school and high school students in Poland, 2009 and 2011
Autorzy:
Wojtyła-Buciora, Paulina
Stawińska-Witoszyńska, Barbara
Żukiewicz-Sobczak, Wiola
Wojtyła, Cezary
Biliński, Piotr
Urbaniak, Monika
Wojtyła, Andrzej
Marcinkowski, Jerzy T.
Wojciechowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-07-14
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
health education
cigarette smoking
high school students
tobacco epidemiology
smoking initation
secondary school students
Opis:
Objectives To determine the age and the most common circumstances for smoking initiation along with smoking rates and to evaluate smoking trends for secondary and high school students in Poland during 2009 and 2011. Material and Methods In 2009, a pilot study was conducted in districts of Poland on high school students and their parents. For statistical analysis, correctly completed questionnaires from 999 students and 667 parents were qualified for use. After the pilot study, a nationwide study of secondary school students and their parents was also conducted in 2009. For statistical analysis, correctly completed questionnaires were used from 9360 students and 6951 from their parents. The research tool was a questionnaire developed by the Chief Sanitary Inspectorate. These studies were then compared to the nationwide research study from 2011. Questionnaires were obtained from a survey of 3548 students from secondary schools and 4423 of those from high schools. Results Smoking initiation usually begins at ages 12–15 years. Rates of secondary school student smoking at least once in their lifetime were about the same level in the surveyed years (2009 – 9%, 2011 – 11%), whereas rates of high school student smoking increased (2009 – 15%, 2011 – 24%). Moreover, 34% of secondary school student smoked less than once a week, whereas in 2009, only 8% of students had done so. For high school students, a 1/2 smoked every day; similar to 2009. Students usually smoked in parks, on streets or any other open space areas. Conclusions From analyzing the smoking trends over the survey period it can be concluded that the problem of smoking increases with respondent age. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(5):763–773
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 5; 763-773
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A panel study of sickness presence and sickness absence among secondary school students
Autorzy:
Johansen, Vegard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-11-15
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
survey
sickness absence
Motivation
sickness presence
logistic regression
secondary school students
Opis:
Objectives This article investigates sickness presence among secondary school students in 5 European countries. The research questions asked are: What characterizes students with high sickness presence in secondary schools? Does high sickness presence influence future sickness absence? Material and Methods A group of 7008 students aged 16–19 years participated in the first study (2016), and 5002 of them also participated in the follow-up study (2017). The participants came from 25 schools in Belgium, Estonia, Finland, Italy and Latvia. The response rate was high. A multivariate binomial logistic regression analysis was used. Results In 2016 high sickness presence (≥ 5 incidents) was reported by 16% of the students, and in 2017 by 15% of them. In 2016 there were significant differences between countries, and students from Latvia were most likely to report high sickness presence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.45). Students with high absence (aOR = 1.86) and high school motivation (aOR = 1.16, for 1 pt increase on a 5-point scale) were overrepresented among those reporting high sickness presence. Country, absence and motivation were also significant factors for sickness presence in 2017. Furthermore, there was a significant positive association between high sickness presence and high sickness absence the following year. Conclusions Country, absence, and motivation were important factors for high sickness presence in secondary schools. Engaging in high sickness presence seemed to influence future sickness absence. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(6):797–804
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2019, 32, 6; 797-804
1232-1087
1896-494X
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Social Role of the Priest as Perceived by Polish Youth. A Sociological Analysis
Autorzy:
Baniak, Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810958.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-09-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
social role of a priest
awareness
secondary school students
university students
the Catholic Church
Opis:
With this article I show the perception shared by high school and university students in Poland concerning the role of the priest in the Church and society. The basis of these findings are the results of three sociological studies that I carried out in years 1983, 1998, and 2008, realized among 976 high school students and 414 university students in Kalisz, Poland. In the given 25 year period, the perception of the role of the religious priest in the Church and the parish, as well as his social role in a democratic state, underwent major changes. Both types of roles-religious and social-recognized by the audited youth differ significantly from their definition as given by the doctrine of the Catholic Church. The youth imagine the priest in these roles in a different way than the Church and concentrate their attention on those elements that have practical significance. Indicators of these changes are included in the statistical tables.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2015, 191, 3; 315-327
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in e-education brought by the covid-19 pandemic in Poland: behaviour and perceptions of young e-education service consumers and service providers
Autorzy:
Dąbrowska, Anna
Ciupak, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11052787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-30
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
e-education consumers
e-education providers
secondary school students
university students
COVID-19 pandemic
Opis:
This study — carried out in May 2020, early on during the COVID-19 pandemic - examines the situation in the Polish e-education market, as perceived by secondary school and university students who consume e-education services and by the providers of such services. Firstly, to set the stage, in-depth interviews were carried out with eight owners of companies offering commercial e-education services. Next, an extensive online survey was carried out among secondary school and university students in the 2019–2020 school/academic year using the CAWI method on a sample of 803 respondents — with secondary school students (group I) accounting for 30% of the sample and university students (group II) making up the remaining 70% — concerning their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with e-education services. Taken together, the findings allow for an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning and point to the increased demand for e-education services during the pandemic, in tandem with a continually shifting e-education services market.
Źródło:
Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych; 2021, 41, 3; 39-64
2353-8414
Pojawia się w:
Marketing Instytucji Naukowych i Badawczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Deklarowane zainteresowania uczniów gimnazjum ze względu na wybór dalszego kierunku kształcenia.
Autorzy:
Jaglarz, Ewa
Sikorski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/448293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
professional interests
career counseling
secondary school students
zainteresowania zawodowe
doradztwo zawodowe
młodzież gimnazjalna
Opis:
The article presents the results of our research on the declared interests of high school students organized by categories of interest that emerge from different professional activities. The study was conducted in middle school integration, located at the Małopolska province. The diagnostic survey was used as a research method. The proven method so‑called card of interests was adopted in our extended study. We have found big number of pupils who declare their technical and biological interests. These indicators achieved high values, such results have been observed especially among boys. In this survey we found also a significant percentage of pupils not showing readiness to take the first career decisions. We believe that such attitudes are a clear indication to work for guidance counselors working in the third stage of education.
Źródło:
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia; 2016, 8, 1
2080-6604
Pojawia się w:
Studia Socialia Cracoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poczucie alienacji a syndrom wypalenia szkolnego
Sense of alienation and school burnout syndrome
Autorzy:
Tomaszek, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2139637.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-02-01
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Naukowe Dolnośląskiej Szkoły Wyższej
Tematy:
poczucie alienacji
wypalenie szkolne
młodzież gimnazjalna
edukacja
alienation
school burnout
secondary school students
education
Opis:
W badaniu poszukiwano związku między doświadczaniem wyobcowania przez młodzież a syndromem wypalenia szkolnego. Analizy przeprowadzono na grupie 84 uczniów z I i II klasy gimnazjum (47 kobiet i 37 mężczyzn) w wieku 12–15 lat (M wieku = 13,70 lat). Poziom poczucia alienacji mierzono inwentarzem PAI, do pomiaru syndromu wypalenia szkolnego wykorzystano skalę ESSBS. Uzyskane wyniki wskazały na istnienie różnic międzypłciowych w zakresie ogólnego poziom wypalenia szkolnego oraz brak takich różnic w odniesieniu do ogólnego poziomu wyobcowania. Wyniki wskazują ponadto na istotne relacje między wyalienowaniem a wypaleniem, przy czym siła związków była znacznie wyższa w grupie dziewcząt. Poziom wyobcowania wyjaśnia 31% wariancji wyniku ogólnego wypalenia szkolnego. Istotnymi predyktorami wypalenia były poczucie anomii i bezsensu.
The present study examined the links alienation and school burnout. The analysis was conducted on the sample of 84 secondary school students (47 women and 37 men) aged 12–55 years (M age = 13,70 years). Alienation were measured by the PAI inventory and school burnout was measured by the ESSBS scale. The results indicated significant gender differences in the level of burnout total score, but not in the level of alienation total score. Significant correlations between burnout and alienation were also observed, however the relations were stronger in the group of girls. Findings also confirmed that alienation, especially anomy and meaninglessness are important predictors of school burnout (31% explained variances of total score in ESSBS).
Źródło:
Forum Oświatowe; 2021, 33, 2(66); 47-69
0867-0323
2450-3452
Pojawia się w:
Forum Oświatowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwarunkowania sukcesu dydaktycznego nauczyciela w szkole w sytuacji stygmatyzacji środowiskowej ucznia
Determinants of the teacher’s success at school in the context of a stigmatizing school environment
Autorzy:
Zajdel, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/551351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
środowisko wiejskie
gimnazjaliści
edukacja
kultura
rural environment
junior secondary school students
education
culture
Opis:
Ten artykuł opisuje środowisko wiejskie i umiejscowione w nim placówki edukacyjne. Autor skupił się głównie na szkołach gimnazjalnych, ale dokonuje szerszego spojrzenia na edukację, głównie pod kątem problemów socjalnych i marginalizacji wsi w dobie drapieżnej walki o byt i poszukiwanie pracy. Wyzwania edukacyjne w tym środowisku zderzają się niejednokrotnie z problemami dnia codziennego, co powoduje, że niewielki odsetek uczniów z tych środowisk widzi szansę w edukacji na szczeblach wyższych.
This article describes the rural environment and its educational institutions. The author focuses mainly on junior secondary schools, but also takes a broader look on education in terms of social problems and marginalization of rural areas in the era of brutal fights for survival and jobs. Educational challenges in this environment often collide with the problems of everyday life, which means that a small percentage of students from this background see their chances in education at higher levels.
Źródło:
Relacje. Studia z nauk społecznych; 2016, 2; 29-40
2543-5124
Pojawia się w:
Relacje. Studia z nauk społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOREIGN LANGUAGE ENJOYMENT AND GENDER AMONG SECONDARY GRAMMAR SCHOOL STUDENTS
Autorzy:
Mierzwa, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628065.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
foreign language enjoyment
learning enjoyment
SLA
gender differences
positive emotions
secondary school students
Opis:
In the context of second language acquisition, foreign language enjoyment (FLE) is a relatively new concept. For that reason, none of the few research carried out in the field thus far has been focused on whether gender might be an important determinant of either a high or a low level of FLE. Thus, the purpose of the present paper was to examine the influence of FLE on learning English as a foreign language, as well as to investigate this relationship from the perspective of gender. The results of this study revealed that there are no statistically significant differences between males and females in FLE, while such differences are found in terms of the sources of FLE each gender perceives as the most crucial ones. It has been proved that FLE increases with the level of students’ proficiency, and a high level of FLE results in students’ greater academic achievement.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2018, 9, 2; 117-135
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 41

Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies