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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 19
Tytuł:
Luminescence dating of Quaternary sediments – some practical aspects
Autorzy:
Moska, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
luminescence dating
dose rate
equivalent dose
Opis:
Luminescence dating is based mainly on the dosimetric properties of quartz and feldspar. These minerals are among the most popular found on Earth, resulting in the possibility of using luminescence methods in practically any environment. Currently, quartz remains the best recognized mineral in terms of dosimetric properties, particularly with regards to results obtained for quartz grains, which are regarded as being the most reliable in luminescence dating. Supporters of luminescence methods are constantly growing, however, these groups do not always have sufficient knowledge to avoid even the most basic of issues that may be encountered overall – from the process of sampling through to the awareness of what a single luminescence result represents. The present paper provides an overview of several practical aspects of luminescence dating such as correct sampling procedures and all necessary information regarding the calculation of the dose rate and equivalent dose with particular reference to potential problems that occur when the age of the sample is being determined. All these aspects are crucial for obtaining a reliable dating result, on the other hand, they remain a potential source of uncertainty.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2019, 36; 161-169
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Response of Permanent Monitoring Station (PMS) to increased radioactivity level in comparison with thermoluminescent in comparison with thermoluminescent
Autorzy:
Kozak, K.
Budzanowski, M.
Gaca, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147575.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
dose rate
environmental radioactivity
thermoluminescent dosimeters
Opis:
In this work, the response of the Permanent Monitoring Station (PMS) was compared with the readings of environmental thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) based on high sensitive MCP-N (LiF:Mg, Cu, P) thermoluminecent detectors and Gamma Tracer, an active device. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were installed close to an automatic warning system of PMS and to a portable Gamma Tracer monitor which is used for long term, continuous measurements in the environment at the INP. For several weeks 137Cs, 60Co, 226Ra and 241Am gamma-ray sources have been placed at distances of a few meters from the dosimeters, in order to modify the radiation environment.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 3; 101-105
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Clastogenic effects in human lymphocytes exposed to low and high dose rate X-ray irradiation and vitamin C
Autorzy:
Konopacka, M.
Rogoliński, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
vitamin C
X-radiation
dose rate
Opis:
In the present work we investigated the ability of vitamin C to modulate clastogenic effects induced in cultured human lymphocytes by X-irradiation delivered at either high (1 Gy/min) or low dose rate (0.24 Gy/min). Biological effects of the irradiation were estimated by cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay including the analysis of the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and apoptotic cells as well as calculation of nuclear division index (NDI). The numbers of micronucleated binucleate lymphocytes (MNCBL) were 24.85 š 2.67% and 32.56 š 3.17% in cultures exposed to X-rays (2 Gy) delivered at low and high dose rates, respectively. Addition of vitamin C (1-20 mi g/ml) to the medium of cultures irradiated with the low dose rate reduced the frequency of micronucleated lymphocytes with multiple MN in a concentration-dependent manner. Lymphocytes exposed to the high dose rate radiation showed a U-shape response: low concentration of vitamin C significantly reduced the number of MN, whereas high concentration influenced the radiation-induced total number of micronucleated cells insignificantly, although it increased the number of cells with multiple MN. Addition of vitamin C significantly reduced the fraction of apoptotic cells, irrespective of the X-ray dose rate. These results indicate that radiation dose rate is an important exposure factor, not only in terms of biological cell response to irradiation, but also with respect to the modulating effects of antioxidants.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 253-257
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A gauge for measuring the dose rate and activity of ophthalmic applicators
Autorzy:
Machaj, B.
Awistowski, E.
Do, H.
Bilski, P.
Olko, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
dose rate
measurements
106Ru ophthalmic applicators
Opis:
A gauge was developed for determining the dose rate distribution and surface activity of ophthalmic brachytherapy applicators, particularly for 106Ru applicators. A plastic fi 2×2 mm scintillator is used as the radiation detector, featuring a high pulse count rate, which results in a low 0.5% random error, due to good counting statistics. Automatic gain control of the photomultiplier tube (PMT) is achieved using a LED as the reference light source. The PMT operates in pulse mode. Long term gain variation due to fatigue of the PMT or ambient temperature variation is thus compensated for. The count rate error due to inaccurate setting of the high voltage supply of the PMT is 0.4%, and the instability error over 7 hours of continuous operation does not exceed 1-2%, peak-to-peak.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 3; 107-111
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural radioactivity in building materials in Iran
Autorzy:
Mehdizadeh, S.
Faghihi, R.
Sina, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147658.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma spectroscopy
absorbed dose rate
annual effective dose
hazard index
Opis:
This work presents a comprehensive study of natural radioactivity in building materials used in Iran. For this purpose, 177 samples of five types of building material, i.e. cement, gypsum, cement blocks, gravel and brick, were gathered from different regions of the country and analyzed by gamma spectroscopy to quantify radioactivity concentrations using a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and a spectroscopy system. According to the results of this investigation, cement samples had maximum values of the mean Ra-226 and Th-232 concentrations, 39.6 and 28.9 Bq/kg, respectively, while the lowest value for mean concentration of these two radionuclides were found in gypsum samples 8.1 and 2.2 Bq/kg, respectively. The highest (851.4 Bq/kg) and lowest (116.2 Bq/kg) value of K-40 mean concentration were found in brick and gypsum samples, respectively. The absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose were also calculated from the radioactivity content of the radionuclides. The results show that the maximum values of dose rate and annual effective dose equivalent were 53.72 nGy/h and 0.37 mSv/y in brick samples. The radium equivalent activities Req calculated were below the permissible level of 370 Bq/kg for all building materials. The values of hazard indexes were below the recommended levels, therefore, it is concluded that the buildings constructed from such materials are safe for the inhabitants. The results of this study are consistent with the results of other investigations in different parts of the world.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 363-368
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation and benchmarking of gamma dose rate employing different nuclear data libraries for MCNP code at the decommissioning stage of Ignalina NPP
Autorzy:
Stankunas, G.
Tonkunas, A.
Pabarcius, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
dose rate
Monte Carlo (MC)
nuclear data libraries
decommissioning
Opis:
A comparative study was performed to reveal the differences of three nuclear data libraries for gamma dose rate calculations when applied to heterogeneous environment in the case of decommission of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP). The following libraries were investigated by employing the Monte Carlo n-particle transport code (MCNP): ENDF/B-VII, JEFF-3.1 and JENDL-3.3, based on the experiments performed for gamma radiation dose rate measurements inside the emergency core cooling system (ECCS) tank with surface radioactive contamination up to 54 Bq/cm2. MCNP precise simulation and the benchmark between the libraries highlighted the differences of results for the selected case of this investigation. The results revealed that the ENDF library is trustworthy for various dose and shielding calculations and similar applications since it showed a statistically satisfied agreement between the simulation results and experimental data.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 1; 71-76
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial distribution of equivalent gamma dose rate in the vicinity of mine water sedimentation ponds in Upper Silesian Coal Basin
Autorzy:
Śleziak, M.
Duliński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
spatial equivalent gamma dose rate
natural radioactivity
sedimentation pond
Opis:
In the Upper Silesian Coal Basin highly mineralized mine waters are pumped into numerous sedimentary ponds before discharge to the Vistula river. They contain elevated concentrations of natural radionuclides (mainly radium). In ponds, some fraction of radionuclides is removed from the water column by adsorption on settling particles, precipitation or co-precipitation, thus increasing radioactivity levels in the deposits. Due to fluctuations of water level and wind action, fine fraction of the deposited material can be distributed in the vicinity of ponds. Three ponds have been selected for survey of the gamma equivalent dose: Brzeszcze, Kaniów, and Rontok Duży. The lowest dose rates, below 0.33 miSv/h, were detected in the area of the Brzeszcze pond. The highest values were measured over the sediments of the Kaniow pond (8.37 miSv/h), being 30 times higher than the dose rate received by population in Poland from natural sources.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2012, 57, 4; 597-599
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bone powder as EPR dosimetry system for electron and gamma radiation
Autorzy:
Ziaie, F.
Hajiloo, N.
Fathollahi, H.
Mehtieva, S. I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148156.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
bone powder dosimeter
EPR response
dose rate
electron beam
gamma ray
Opis:
In this work bovine bone powder samples were irradiated at three different dose rates of 100, 260 and 630 kGy/min for the absorbed dose range of 3 to 110 kGy, using 10 MeV electron beam radiation. The samples were subjected to EPR measurement at room temperature in air. The variation of EPR signal intensities were constructed and evaluated base on quantitative data related to the absorbed doses. Moreover, they were compared with the obtained results from the samples irradiated by a 60Co gamma-ray source with a dose rate of 2.65 kGy/h. The time and temperature effects on the EPR response of this dosimeter were also studied. The results indicated that the bone sample was a suitable dosimeter especially for electron beam at high doses.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 4; 267-270
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stability study of free radicals in 10 MeV electron beam irradiated quartz as an EPR dosimetry method
Autorzy:
Ziaie, F.
Mohammadzadeh, A.
Modarresi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148163.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
quartz dosimeter
EPR response
dose rate
electron beam
EPR signal stability
Opis:
In this work the stability of free radicals induced by a 10 MeV electron beam in quartz samples was studied. The investigations have been done for different doses and different dose rates. For this reason, quartz samples in powder form were irradiated at different dose rates, i.e. 100, 260 and 630 kGy/min for absorbed dose range of similar to 5–80 kGy using the 10 MeV electron beam radiation. The dose values were validated using a polystyrene calorimeter system as a reference standard dosimetry system. The EPR optimum system parameters were defined and EPR responses at room temperature in air were measured and compared. The EPR signal, which is due to the free radicals induced by electron beam, was also investigated at different time intervals to check its stability. The main objective of this work was to study the feasibility of using quartz as a dosimeter. Thus, the variation of EPR signal intensities with the absorbed dose values were evaluated and plotted in a graph. The results show that the variation of dose rate, do not affect considerably the EPR response.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2009, 54, 4; 251-254
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dose rate effect on LDPE cross-linking induced by electron beam irradiation
Autorzy:
Ziaie, F.
Anvari, F.
Ghaffari, M.
Borhani, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148862.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
dose rate
electron beam
low-density polyethylene
cross-linking
chain scission
Opis:
In this project, the radiation induced cross-linking in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) samples irradiated with the different dose rates of 5 MeV electron beam in the dose range of 20 up to 200 kGy were investigated and compared. The dose rate values were ranged from 13 to 300 kGy/min. The cross-linking of the samples were studied on the basis of gel content measurement and a hot set test. The yield of gel content showed slight increases with decreasing dose rate values. The same results were more clearly observed using the hot set test. It was concluded that, to irradiate the product based on LDPE, any variation in electron beam current causes different dose rates which, in turn, affect the absorbed dose value in materials.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2005, 50, 3; 125-127
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rapid estimation of environmental radioactivity surrounding Xiangshan uranium deposits, Jiangxi province, Eastern China
Autorzy:
Gan, N.
Cen, K.
Ye, R.
Li, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148900.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gamma dose rate
indoor radon
water radon
cesium
annual effective dose
Xiangshan uranium deposit
Opis:
The surveys of terrestrial gamma dose rate, radon concentration indoor and in water and specific activity of radionuclides of soil were carried out in 14 villages and a town in Xiangshan uranium deposit and surrounding area, Jiangxi province, Eastern China, in 2017–2018, using a scintillator dosemeter, an ionization chamber and a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer to study radiation status in these places after remediation. A radioactive hot spot was discovered in a village near the mining office, where specific activity of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs of soil was as high as 1433 ± 76 Bq/kg, 1210 ± 62 Bq/kg, 236 ± 13 Bq/kg and 17 ± 1.1 Bq/kg, respectively. The dose rate on a waste rock heap was about 2423 nGy/h. Approximately 50% of the houses in a village near the uranium mining site had radon concentrations that exceeded 160 Bq/m3 . There was a significant positive correlation between indoor radon concentration and outdoor gamma dose rate (R2 = 0.7876). The abnormal radon concentration was observed in a rising spring sample providing residents with tap water up to 127.1 Bq/l. Four tap water samples and three of five well water samples exceeded the limit of radon concentration of drinking water in China (11.1 Bq/l). The mean annual effective doses from gamma dose rate data were 0.86 mSv/y and 1.13 mSv/y for indoor radon. The study shows that there are some radioactively contaminated places surrounding the Xiangshan uranium mine. The local outdoor dose rate averages may be used to estimate local indoor radon concentrations.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2018, 63, 4; 113-121
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A study about the measurement method of the homogeneity of radioactivity along an iridium-192 wire used in brachytherapy
Autorzy:
Costa, O. L.
Calvo, W. A. P.
Zeituni, C. A.
Rostelato, M. E. C. M.
Moura, J. A.
Feher, A.
Souza, C. D.
Somessari, S. L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
iridium-192
iridium wire
low dose rate brachytherapy
quality control
cancer treatment
radioactive sources production
Opis:
The Nuclear and Energy Research Institute has produced, since 1998, iridium-192 wires used in low dose rate brachytherapy. In the paper the authors studied the influence of wire profile on the homogeneity distribution of radioactivity of iridium-192 along the wire. The authors propose the improvements in the quality control procedure that will provide more accurate measurement data and suggest changes in control devices.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2014, 59, 1; 37-39
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural gamma radiation at the sea level around the Antarctic continent recorded south of the 62° parallel
Naturalne promieniowanie gamma na poziomie morza wokół kontynentu antarktycznego zarejestrowane na południe od równoleżnika 62°
Autorzy:
Długosz-Lisiecka, Magdalena
Krystek, Marcin
Koper, Mariusz
Grala, Tomasz
Leniec-Koper, Hanna
Barasiński, Michał
Talar, Magdalena
Kamiński, Ireneusz
Kibart, Robert
Małecki, Wojciech
Kukliński, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2095773.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Kontynent antarktyczny
poziom morza
monitorowanie mocy dawki
promieniowanie kosmiczne
zagrożenia promieniowaniem jonizującym
Antarctic continent
sea level
dose rate monitoring
cosmic radiation
hazards of ionizing radiation
Opis:
This study presents the results of dosimetry radiation measurement performed in the Antarctic region at the surface of the sea which was conducted between January and March 2018. Over 2 200 records were collected using a portable Gamma Scout Online radiometer during a 72-day voyage circumnavigating the continent of Antarctica. The mean average of the measured radiation dose rate was 0.091 μSvh-1 and varied from 0.052 to 0.193 μSvh-1. These result are above global average dose rate of radiation at sea level (0.031 μSvh-1) and often higher than those recorded on the Antarctic continent. Yet generally our records fall within well recognized latitudinal trend of radiation being higher toward poles. This is results of troposphere begins at lower altitude in Antarctic in comparison to lower latitudes. The origin of this radiation is natural and results from the presence of higher cosmic rays and secondary radiation induced in the atmosphere. The presence of terrestrial radionuclides in the Antarctic environment has a local, secondary influence on the measured values of radiation. The theoretical calculated annual dose equivalent for humans present in Antarctica could often exceed the limit of 1 mSv as recorded for other Antarctic locations yet our results (0.772 mSv per year) do not confirm that.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki dozymetrycznych pomiarów promieniowania, przeprowadzonych przez załogę jachtu Katharsis II, w trakcie 72-dniowego rejsu wokół Antarktydy. Podczas rejsu trwającego od stycznia do marca 2018 roku, za pomocą przenośnego radiometru Gamma Scout Online rejestrowano dawki promieniowania na poziomie morza w odstępach 10-minutowych. Po wstępnej analizie statystycznej uzyskano dane w postaci 2 200 rekordów, które wykorzystano do wnioskowania o rozkładzie promieniowania w rejonie Antarktyki. Średnia zmierzona moc dawki promieniowania wyniosła 0,091 μSvh-1 i wahała się od 0,052 do 0,193 μSvh-1. Wyniki te są powyżej średniej globalnej mocy dawki promieniowania na poziomie morza (0,031 μSvh-1) i często wyższe niż te zarejestrowane bezpośrednio na Antarktydzie. Jednak, generalnie zarejestrowane przez nas dawki promieniowania mieszczą się w dobrze rozpoznanym równoleżnikowym trendzie, w którym promieniowanie jest wyższe w kierunku biegunów. Związane jest to z cieńszą warstwą troposfery w rejonach biegunowych w porównaniu z niższymi, równikowymi szerokościami geograficznymi. Ogólnie pochodzenie tego promieniowania jest naturalne i związane z silniejszą penetracją troposfery przez promieniowanie kosmiczne oraz obecnością promieniowania wtórnego indukowanego w atmosferze. Obecność radionuklidów naziemnych w środowisku Antarktyki ma lokalny, wtórny wpływ na mierzone wartości promieniowania. Teoretycznie obliczony roczny ekwiwalent dawki dla ludzi, w różnych miejscach Antarktydy, może przekraczać limit 1 mSv, natomiast nasze wyniki (0,772 mSv rocznie) tego nie potwierdzają.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica; 2021, 20; 7-12
1427-9711
2353-6063
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
214Bi/214Pb radioactivity ratio three-year monitoring in rainwater in Prague
Autorzy:
Ambrosino, Fabrizio
Thinová, Lenka
Hýža, Miroslav
Sabbarese, Carlo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148739.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
214Bi/214Pb gamma-ray ratio
ambient dose equivalent rate
hybrid method
rainfall
time-series analysis
Opis:
Continuous monitoring of natural gamma radiation in air has been carried out, during December 2014 – January 2018, with 1-min cyclic measurement in Prague, Czech Republic using a NaI(Tl) probe. The 214Bi/214Pb ratio as a tracer in rainwater has been investigated to study its variations related to both the ambient dose equivalent rate per hour and the amount of rainfall. A hybrid methodology for time series analysis, composed of the aggregation of two signal decomposition methods (multiple linear regression and empirical mode decomposition) and one forecasting method (support vector regression), has been applied to identify the anomalies in the studied signals in order to better find correlations among them. The results show a strong correlation between the ambient dose equivalent rate and the 214Bi/214Pb ratio values and between both these signals and rainfall amount≥5 mm/h. Furthermore, the considered descendants of radon are mainly responsible for the overall ambient dose equivalent rate.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2020, 65, 2; 115-119
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mass throughput rate calculation for X-ray facilities
Autorzy:
Ziaie, F.
Tahami, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148864.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
bremsstrahlung
dose uniformity
radiation processing
dynamic mode
mass throughput rate
conversion
Opis:
Abstract In this work, the mass throughput rate in a radiation processing center, equipped with an X-ray facility, is calculated by means of a curve against the thickness of the material, along with the variation of dose uniformity. Therefore, depending on the desired dose value, the best thickness and the mass throughput rate can be calculated. The calculation results for the 5 and 10 MeV X-ray bremsstrahlung for polyethylene and wood as the irradiation products, have been obtained by using a Monte-Carlo computer code. In addition, the experimental results at the same geometry and materials were compared with those calculated.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2005, 50, 3; 121-124
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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