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Wyszukujesz frazę "central Asia" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Chińska strategia powrotu do Azji Centralnej - jedwabny szlak XXI wieku
Chinese Focus on the Strategy of Central Asia - The 21st Century Silk Route
Autorzy:
Trzaskowski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566706.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
China
Central Asia
Silk Route
Opis:
With the collapse of Soviet Union and the establishment of five new states in Central Asia Chinese foreign policy faced the challenge of creating solid relations with this region. Common interest in fighting ethnic and religious separatism, trade in energetic resources and development of other branches of economy helped to create the basis for political cooperation. One of the biggest obstacles in development a full-scale economic exchange was the lack of sufficient transport infrastructure across the former Chinese-Soviet border. The history of industrialization of Central Asia enforced by the Russian and the tense relations between communist China and Russia resulted in building roads, railways and pipelines from Central Asia to the north only. The Chinese's will, to change this state is an important element of the plan to revitalize Western China's weak economy and to create land transport corridors from China to Europe, Middle East and ports of Indian Ocean. In this paper the process of filling transport gap between China and Central Asia and its political conditions will be examined.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2008, 8 - Współczesny Daleki Wschód w stosunkach międzynarodowych - rywalizacja i mocarstwowość; 87-116
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Medieval lamellar armour plate from the Penjikent. A contribution to the study of Mongol armour
Autorzy:
KUBIK, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016346.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
lamellae
armour
Penjikent
Sogdiana
Central Asia
Opis:
This article analyses the lamellae discovered in the Tajik village of Kuktoš in the territory of the mediaeval part of the city of Penjikent, published by F.Š. Aminov in Petersburg in 2017 and currently held in archives of the Historical Museum of Ancient Penjikent. This item, which dates to the pre-Mongol, most likely Karakhanid, period, provides an opportunity to look again on some already published finds of lamellar plates from Central Asia. It gives a chance to look again on the problem of the armour used by Mongols during their conquest of Asia and Eastern Europe.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2020, 9; 83-92
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The EU engagement in democracy promotion in post-Soviet Central Asia: the case study of the Kyrgyz Republic – prospects and challenges
Autorzy:
Kainazarov, Baktybek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Central Asia
geopolitics
human rights
democracy promotion
Opis:
When Soviet Union collapsed, there were different hypothesis regarding democratic reforms and political system changes in Kyrgyzstan. It was believed that Kyrgyzstan would develop its independent policy and democratic governance. Since early 1990s European countries through OSCE, and later through the EU launched development projects have been playing central role in democracy promotion and civil society development in Central Asia. At the same time, as analysis show geopolitical interests of neighboring powerful states such as Russia and China increased in the region, which resulted the creation of regional institutions such as Shanhai Cooperation Organization (SCO), Collective Security Organization (CSO), Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and Silk Road Belt Initiative (SRBI). While being the fully-fledged member of China and Russia led regional institutions, Kyrgyzstan is under heavy political and economic influence. Besides, human rights situation in Kyrgyzstan like in other Central Asian countries has been deteriorating for last few years. Thus, the research paper focuses on interplay between Russia and China for geopolitical dominance in the region, including how it negatively influences for political volatility, civil society suppression and deterioration of human rights issues. Paper equally analyzes European countries engagement in human rights and democracy promotion in Kyrgyzstan. The research considers important to analyze the EU strategy in democratic reforms in Central Asia and to investigate why it matters for the EU.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2018, 3; 27-40
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russian-Chinese cooperation and competition in Afghanistan and its implications for Central Asia
Autorzy:
Aliyev, Nurlan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Russia
China
Afghanistan
Central Asia
the Taliban
Opis:
This paper aims to explore current and perspective trends of relations between Russia and China in Afghanistan and Central Asia. It also analyzes whether the withdrawal of the U.S. and the subsequent Taliban takeover helped—and continues to help—strengthen the two powers’ positions in the region and what kind of challenges and benefits they face. The paper examines the hypothesis that the U.S. troop withdrawal from Afghanistan and the Taliban’s return to power added to Russia and China’s benefits in the region. The research uses content analysis regarding official documents, political and military elite speeches, interviews, and reports to explain Russia and China’s official positions and policies regarding Afghanistan and Central Asia. Relations between the two powers as regards Afghanistan and Central Asia are comparatively analyzed. The paper uses the neorealist approach, which is fit for explaining relations between Russia and China in Afghanistan and Central Asia. After the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan, regional security is now the business of the regional powers, mainly China and Russia. Now they should bear the responsibilities and share the burdens. There is probably more ground for competition after eliminating the threats in Afghanistan and especially in Central Asia for Moscow and Beijing. However, Russia and China will continue to try to align their interests in Afghanistan and Central Asia, especially if their relations with U.S. remain at the current level or worsen in the coming years. Based on the findings, this paper argues that, on the one hand, Russia and China continue to try to take advantage of the instability in the region by stepping up their security and economic influences in Central Asia. However, their stabilizing efforts in Afghanistan following the withdrawal of the U.S., ironically may increase competition between China and Russia.
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2022, 58; 94-115
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mysterious helmet from Verden and its “link” with Tibetan helmets
Autorzy:
KUBIK, Adam Lech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Helmets
Franks
Carolingians
Avars
Central Asia
Tibet
Opis:
The article discusses a helmet that was published in 1914 in Zeitschrift für Historische Waffenkunde. It was possibly found by a German farmer during field works near the town of Verden in Lower Saxony. The helmet which was previously associated with the Saxons and dated between Migration Period and the reign of Charlemagne shows clearly relations with far Asian constructions. Additionally I discuss here another helmet in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which seems to be a 20th century reworking that imitated the Verden helmet.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2017, 6; 133-139
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Иранские шлемы «кула-худ» в комплексе защитного вооружения тюркских кочевников Центральной Азии XVII–XIX вв.
Iranian „kula-hud” helmets in the panoply of Turkic nomads of Central Asia in 17-19th centuries.
Autorzy:
BOBROV, Leonid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517541.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Central Asia
Equipment
Iranian helmets
Turkic nomads
Opis:
The article considers the topic of the evolution of Iranian „kula-hud” helmets, their construction and decorations system in the perspective of their employment by Turkic nomads of Central Asia. Basing on thorough analyze of the sources it was proved that the „kula-hud” helmet type was created on the foundation of the helmets manufactured from one-piece of metal from Near East in high Middle Ages. „Kula-hud” were originally formed by adding a moveable nasal, two sockets at the temples and a sharp spike at the top of hemispherical body. Chain mail aventail was also added. Early variants of the helmets of this type (proto-kula-hud) can be found as early as 16th century and should be linked with the reform of Iranian protective armament by the first Safavids. In 17th century „kula-hud” helmets were spread widely not only in Iran and India but also in Turkic states of Central Asia. An important factor in popularization of „kula-hud” was its relation with other weaponry (archery, sabers) and the tactics of the peoples of the area. The analyze of „kula-hud” helmets from Central Asia allowed to state that the majority of them are the imports from Iran. Part of the helmets was manufactured by the local masters according to Iranian patterns. The modification of some traditional riveted segmented helmets proves high prestige of Iranian armament among Turkic nomads of the area.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2015, 4; 205-219
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy migracji zarobkowej w Azji Centralnej w ujęciu gospodarczym i społecznym
Problems of labour migration in Central Asia in economic and social aspect
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
labour migration
Central Asia
demography
integration
xenophobia
Opis:
The article handles the problem of labour migration from Central Asia to the Russian Federation. While underlining an importance of discussion about migration in contemporary politics, there are described characteristics of the region and differences between states that constitute it – Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, their various approaches to migration policy and resulting different scales of labour migration and amounts of remittances as GDP share are also presented. Next, there are distinguished push and pull factors concerning those countries (and the Russian Federation) – economic, demographic, cultural and political. The main body of the paper is focused on challenges which labour migration poses both for sending states and Russia such as economic instability, dependence on external prosperity, frauds and exploitation, intolerance and xenophobia and threats for a consistency of families in Central Asia. As a conclusion appears a statement on insufficiency of current Russian legislative solutions and the new ones are proposed.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2018, 12; 215-227
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Central Asia as a region in international relations
Autorzy:
Bharti, Simant Shankar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Central Asia
Region
Area Studies
Geopolitics
International Relations
Opis:
‘Central Asia’ is a unique and diverse region of the world that landmass distinct from other regions and sedentary civilisation is one of the characteristics. The geography of this region is considered a controversial discourse among scholars in international relations and, Europeans prefer to call them ‘Central Eurasia’, but Asian scholars frequently used the term ‘Central Asia’. However, the history of Asia was not stable and similar in the past. In this regard, this article tries to find the status of the Central Asia in international relations from a historical to empirical discussion in academia. Through the discourse analysis applied here to trace scholars, historians, institutions, governments, and sociologists’ perspective how they treat ‘Central Asia’, whether it is a deeply profound ‘region’ or precise existence. The initial argument says that Central Asia is more significant due to the geostrategic point of view and attracts superpowers in the ground of diplomacy play.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2022, 20; 15-27
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Introduction to studies on late Sasanian protective armour. The Yarysh-Mardy helmet
Autorzy:
KUBIK, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517615.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
Helmets
Armour
Sasanian Iran
Caucasia
Central Asia
Nomads
Opis:
The article discusses a helmet found in 1968 in a mountainous village of Yarysh-Mardy situated on the river Argun in the north-eastern Caucasus. The helmet was often associated with the Golden Horde period, which according to the author seems highly unlikely. On the basis of a detailed comparative analysis, the author puts forward a thesis of dating the object to either the late-Sasanid or early-Islamic period, i.e. to late 6th - beginning of 8th c. AD. Specifically, it is suggested that the appearance of the helmet in the Caucasus may be attributed to the time of Byzantine-Sasanid conflicts taking place at the turn of 6th and 7th c. AD. Additionally, the article argues that in the late Sasanid period a new sub-type of helmets came into existence, namely the ones with straight spangs and ones with spiky rivets. Furthermore, it is proposed that the Yarysh-Mardy helmet bears certain correspondences to similar finds from Groningen and Bremen.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2016, 5; 77-105
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
European Union Democracy Promotion and its impact on Civil Society in Central Asia
Autorzy:
Fiedler, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616470.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
European Union
Central Asia
authoritarianism
democratization
civil society
Opis:
After a period of relatively small activity in this region, in 2007, the European Union offered a strategy for Central Asia. This strategy addressed many issues, including democratic deficit and human rights violations. The main obstacles to the implementation of the strategy are autocratic tendencies and corruption, the influence of neighbors strongly leaning towards autocracy and the post-Soviet legacy. Additionally, the EU’s activity is overshadowed by the US and has minimal capacity for pursuing its own policy toward Central Asia. Another problem is the fact that after implementing this EU strategy toward Central Asia there are no new initiatives which contribute to more visible European activity in that region.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2018, 1; 73-82
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Historical Narrative and Tradition as Instruments of Creating the Image of the State on the International Arena: The Case of Kazakhstan
Autorzy:
Waśkiel, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519481.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
politics of memory
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
nation branding
Opis:
The article aims to explain the relationships between the official historical narrative (politics of memory) and the image of the state on the international area (nation branding). The analysis was based mainly on the Kazakh cinematography and the Kazakh TV station programs. I argue that the official historical narrative may contribute to the change of Kazakhstan perception on the international area. Politics of memory aims at highlighting the selected historical periods and concealing others. Kazakhstan elites are trying to emphasize the recent history, modernization and economic successes of the state after 1991. The pre-Soviet history is also strongly accentuated, and the historical continuity of the Kazakh nation (or even its statehood) from the end of the 15th century is highlighted. The politics of memory also aims at retraditionalization, i.e., the traditional lifestyle of nomads is widely publicized. On the other hand, the period of Russian and Soviet rule, painful events in the history of the twentieth century, are omitted or even concealed. Such a manner of conducting politics of memory may change the image of Kazakhstan, from the post–Soviet state to a modern one, modernized but at the same time nomadic, with a rich tradition.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2019, 30 (37); 43-63
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza powstawania synkretycznych stylów zdobniczych w Azji Środkowej w VI-VIII w. n.e. na podstawie tkanin z Kotliny Turfańskiej
Autorzy:
Kossowska, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
samit
textiles
Sasanian art
Central Asia
Turfan Oasis
Opis:
In the 8th century in Byzantine, Arabic and Chinese workshops weavers produced weft-faced compound twill silks (samits). These textiles were ornamented by confronted animals surrounded by pearls roundels. Usually, a rosette motive was placed between medallions. This design is a compilation of Sasanian (animals decorated with floating ribbons, pearl roundels) and Chinese patterns (symmetricalness, rosettes, ‘scrolled leaves’ motive). Its emergence took place in Central Asia. Some scholars think that it happened in Sogdiana, but the oldest samples of textiles made in the new tradition were found in Astana cemetery in Turfan Oasis (East Turkestan). Moreover, these textiles were warp-faced compound tabby – a weave technique characteristic of Chinese workshops. At first their composition was more Chinese than Sasanian, but successive Persian motives were more common. The most popular design was pearl roundels containing a confronted Pegasus standing on “a scrolled, pointed leaves in profile”. There is a large possibility that textiles found in Astana were produced locally in East Turkestan, probably in Turfan Oasis, which is located on the north branch of Silk Road. It was inhabited by a local community, but also by Sogdian and Chinese merchants. This cooperation could have led to syncretism in art and technical changes.
Źródło:
Studia Azjatystyczne; 2015, 1; 25-49
2449-5433
Pojawia się w:
Studia Azjatystyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Central Asian Gypsies: identities and migrations
Autorzy:
Marushiakova, Elena
Popov, Veselin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Central Asia
Gypsies
Lyuli
Mugat
Roma
Migration
Identities
Opis:
Central Asian Gypsies: identities and migrationsDuring recent years the topic of Gypsy/Roma migration and identities became burning topic of pan-EUropean public discourse. Much less attention is paid to the Gypsy migrations outside the borders of European Union. The present article has ambitious goal to fulfill this gap and to present contemporary Gypsy migrations in Post-soviet Central Asian in order to see how this “burning” topic looks outside European space. After breakdown of Soviet Union and establishing of new independent republics in Central Asia and in connection to economical difficulties, wars and social unrest, in order to make their living, the communities of Central Asian ‘Gypsies’ revitalised their former nomadic traditions and migrate towards Russian Federation and in frames of Central Asia towards Kazakhstan. There they are earning their living through begging and sporadic work in construction and scrap collection.A central point of this article is the impact of these contemporary migrations on the development of identities and well being of Central Asian ‘Gypsies’. The multilevel, hierarchically structured identities of Central-Asian ‘Gypsies' are analysed as demonstrated in different historical contexts – as former “Soviet people”, member of former ruling class of agricultural proletariat, and as declassed community today; as Central-Asian ‘Gypsies’ or as citizens of respective Central Asian Republics during migrations in Russian Federation in front of Russian majority society and in front of Roma; and in context of the Central Asian region during the migrations to Kazakhstan and in their home countries.   Cyganie środkowoazjatyccy – tożsamości i migracje W ostatnich latach tematyka migracji i tożsamości Cyganów (Romów) stała się tematem palącym w unijnoeuropejskim dyskursie publicznym. O wiele mniej uwagi poświęca się w nim migracjom Cyganów, które mają miejsce poza granicami Unii Europejskiej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wypełnienie tej luki i ukazanie współczesnych migracji Cyganów w posowieckiej Azji Środkowej, po to by móc spojrzeć, jak ów „palący” problem przedstawia się poza obszarem europejskim. Po rozpadzie Związku Sowieckiego i ustanowieniu w Azji Środkowej nowych niepodległych republik, a także wobec trudności gospodarczych, wojen i niepokojów społecznych, w dążeniu do uzyskania środków do życia, wspólnoty „Cyganów” środkowoazjatyckich powróciły do swych dawnych tradycji nomadycznych i migrują na teren Federacji Rosyjskiej jak też w obrębie Azji Środowej do Kazachstanu. Zarabiają tu na życie żebraniem, okazjonalnie podejmują pracę na budowach, zajmują się też zbieraniem surowców wtórnych.Zasadniczą kwestią rozpatrywaną w niniejszym artykule jest ukazanie, jak te współczesne migracje wpływają na budowanie tożsamości i dobrobytu środkowoazjatyckich „Cyganów”. Przedstawiona została analiza wielopoziomowych hierarchicznie ustrukturyzowanych tożsamości „Cyganów” środkowoazjatyckich, przejawiających się w różnych kontekstach historycznych: jako „ludzi sowieckich”, członków dawnej klasy przewodniej – wiejskiego proletariatu, i jako zdeklasowanej dziś wspólnoty; jako „Cyganie” środkowoazjatyccy lub jako obywatele odnośnych republik środkowoazjatyckich podczas migracji na terenie Federacji Rosyjskiej vis a vis dominującej wspólnoty społeczeństwa rosyjskiego, jak też vis a vis Romów; a także w kontekście regionu środkowoazjatyckiego podczas migracji do Kazachstanu oraz w ich krajach ojczystych.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2015, 46
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
From Workers to Entrepreneurs: Central Asian Migrants in the Russian Business Market
Autorzy:
Vorobeva, Ekaterina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48807300.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
migrant entrepreneurship
employment
informality
capital
Central Asia
Russia
Opis:
The current article contributes to the discussion on the trajectories of the economic integration of immigrants in adverse, informal contexts. Specifically, it explores the processes of the generation and application of business resources among Central Asian migrant entrepreneurs in Russia. This study highlights the crucial and multifaceted importance of former employment for migrant entrepreneurs. With restricted access to resources in Russia, Central Asian migrants deliberately used their workplaces to access business knowledge, networks and financial capital. By applying these resources, they replicated the successful business models of their former employers. This integration path appears to be shaped by the ambivalent forces of informality in the Russian economy.
Źródło:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review; 2023, 12, 2; 169-189
2300-1682
Pojawia się w:
Central and Eastern European Migration Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The start-up of tourism in Central Asia Case of Uzbekistan
Autorzy:
Baxtishodovich, Bobur Sobirov
Suyunovich, Tukhliev Iskandar
Kholiqulov, Anvar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Central Asia
Silk Road tourism
Tourism destination
Tourism development
Opis:
The paper aims to investigate the status and progress of tourism in Central Asian countries using the example of Uzbekistan tourism industry with special reference to country’s tourism infrastructure sectors. As a Silk Road tourism destination and unique cultural, historical, archeological, and natural attractions, Central Asian States (CAS) (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan) present important interest and potential for tourists from all over the world. This article makes an overview of the status of tourism industry with the aim of finding out the strategy for developing a program that enhances the strengths that these countries have in the international arena. The results serve to point out key trends and gaps in which to focus future research on this topic and also they might be useful in formulating public policies and strategies for tourism industry development.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 67, 2; 219-237
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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