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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 587
Tytuł:
Umowy koncernowe.
Concern contracts.
Autorzy:
Polańska, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529118.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
concern contract
innominate contract
empirical contract
freedom of contract
holding law
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to briefly describe concern contracts. In view of dynamic development of economic relations, there is a variety of contractual relations. The first part of the paper analyzes the causes of making corporations. Article describes internal and external economic objectives, contributing to the formation of koncernowych structures. Economic factors like development of enterprises result to concentration of capital within the framework of concern. The second part of the paper refers to division of concern contracts on vertical concern contracts and horizontal concern contracts. Content both type of contracts is analyzed with special regard into german law. Elaboration in next part presents character of concern contracts. It takes consideration in problem with residual polish regulation of concern contracts, included article 7 Code of Commercial Companies. In Poland concern contract is an unspecified agreement, meaning that it is not regulated by any legal act. The summary of the paper, based on the analysis of concern contracts, presents conclusions to form legal relations based on the principle of freedom of contract, favouring development of entrepreneurs. Considerations at this point lead to the conclusion that not every innominate contract is of a transitory nature. Certain innominate contracts are of a permanent nature and there is no need to put them in the statutory framework. Evolution of the economy leads to creation of new needs of entrepreneurs, for whom it is more convenient to be able to form binding relationship in a flexible way, which is in turn possible thanks to the freedom to contract.
Źródło:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo; 2015, 1; 87-96
1643-8299
2451-0858
Pojawia się w:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adaptation of Contracts to New Circumstances in Polish Law
Autorzy:
Pisuliński, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Fundacja Utriusque Iuris
Tematy:
termination of contract
amendment of contract
change of circumstances
clausula rebus sic stantibus
unilateral change of contract
contracts for a specific work
tenancy contract
lease contract
mandate contract
Opis:
The aim of the article is to analyse selected issues relating to the statutory provisions and contrac- tual terms which allow to amend or terminate a contract in the event of a change in circumstances occurred after the conclusion of the contract. Many provisions of the Polish Civil Code1 grant in such a case one of the parties the right to unilaterally amend or ter- minate the contract by its declara- tion of will or a right to demand for a change or dissolving the contract by the court. The parties may also agree the specific terms in the con- tract which allow adopting their contractual relation to new cir- cumstances. If a party affected by change of circumstances exercises its right to modify the contract it should be considered a problem of how the interests of the other party should be protected.
Źródło:
Forum Prawnicze; 2019, 3 (53); 48-60
2081-688X
Pojawia się w:
Forum Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy społeczna odpowiedzialność biznesu jest nową wersją umowy społecznej?
Is Corporate Social Responsibility a New Version of Social Contract?
Autorzy:
Filek, Janina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/468635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
CSR
social contract
Opis:
The idea of social contract has been, from the very beginning, connected with a reflection on problems relative to functioning of society. Thus, from time to time, this idea was referred to in the hope that it would help solve, generally speaking, the fundamental mankind problem of a proper, as some thought, or optimal, as the other dreamed, way of society functioning. According to the authoress, the present-day social and economic problems are so serious that they require a new social agreement more adequate to problems resulting from globalisation. It seems, therefore, right to analyse a more and more popular in Europe and the USA concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and to verify whether it possesses all the most fundamental elements that allow to consider it a new social agreement or at least its outline leading to this idea in the future.
Źródło:
Prakseologia; 2009, 149; 21-38
0079-4872
Pojawia się w:
Prakseologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kwestia autonomicznej kwalifikacji umów cywilnoprawnych w systemie ubezpieczeń społecznych
The matter of autonomous qualification of contracts in the context of the social security system
Autorzy:
Lackoroński, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
civil law
contract of specific work
contract of mandate
insurances
Opis:
The author observes that on the basis of the Act on the System of Social Security the differentiation between mandate contracts and contracts for specific work is of primarily practical nature. It determines the possibility of recognizing particular contracts as autonomous right to social security. The author indicates a set of criteria enabling to differentiate those two types of contracts–a type of performance, an obligation concerning the result and due diligence action, a range of risk concerning performing such contracts, a possibility to terminate them by one-sided legal acts. The author claims that qualification of civil law contracts in context of the system of social security must not differ from their qualification in civil law. Rules that social security is common and compulsory might justify application of directional directive ordering deciding on the doubts concerning law, only when civil law instruments of interpretation of expressions of will do not allow for qualifying a contract as a mandate contract or a contract for specific work, which might take place in extraordinary circumstances of mixed contracts.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2016, 4(52); 29-56
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Corrective Justice, Freedom of Contract, and the European Contract Law
Autorzy:
Osmola, Szymon
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
corrective justice
freedom of contract
contract law
European Union law
Opis:
Freedom of contract and corrective justice are considered to be the basic principles governing contract law. However, many contemporary legal orders implement various policy goals into private law. The regulatory private law of the European Union is the most striking example of such a trend. This article aims at reconciling the corrective justice theory of private law and the principle of freedom of contract with the regulatory dimension of the EU law. The main argument is that the meaning of the concept of harm, one that is crucial to the principle of corrective justice, should be understood broadly so that it can transform the corrective justice theory from a monistic one into a pluralistic one.
Źródło:
Avant; 2019, 10, 1; 159-171
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
FROM A RELATIONAL TO A TRANSACTIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT: CHANGING THE PARADIGM
Od relacyjnego do transakcyjnego kontraktu psychologicznego - zmieniajacy sie paradygmat
Autorzy:
Rogozinska-Pawelczyk, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/598634.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-15
Wydawca:
Instytut Pracy i Spraw Socjalnych
Tematy:
PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT
RELATIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT
TRANSACTIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT
kontrakt psychologiczny
relacyjny kontrakt psychologiczny
transakcyjny kontrakt psychologiczny
Opis:
Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie kontraktu psychologicznego, wskazując na zachodzące zmiany w jego istocie. Prowadzone rozważania koncentrują się wokół przyczyn i kierunków przeobrażeń niesformalizowanych relacji wzajemnych oczekiwań odnoszących się do różnych aspektów sytuacji pracy oraz organizacyjnego funkcjonowania między pracownikiem a pracodawcą. Analiza literatury przedmiotu pozwoli wnioskować o powszechności zmieniającego się paradygmatu oraz o znaczeniu, jaki odgrywa dla działów HR oraz pracowników.
This article examines questions dealing with the 'psychological contract,' indicating changes taking place in its essence. Consideration concentrates on the causes and directions of transformation in the informal relations of mutual expectations with respect to various aspects of the job situation and organizational employee-employer functions. Analysis of topical literature allows the conclusion that changes in the paradigm are universal and stresses the importance of this fact with respect to HR departments and the employees themselves.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi; 2011, 3-4(80-81) Efficiency of HRM; 61-76
1641-0874
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie koncepcji kontraktowania w tłumaczeniu ustnym
Making use of the concept of contracting in interpreting
Autorzy:
Woroch, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/445831.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
kontrakt
kontraktowanie
tłumaczenie ustne
poziomy kontraktu
kontrakt trójstronny
contract
cotracting
interpreting
levels of contract
three-cornered contract
Opis:
The article presents the concept of contracting in terms of transaction analysis and its operational application in the area of professional practice of interpreting and teaching of interpreting. Contracting allows, on the one hand, to consider and solve specific problems of an interpreter and, on the other hand, to raise awareness of certain issues related to the profession of an interpreter among students.
W artykule zaprezentowano koncepcję kontraktowania w ujęciu analizy transakcyjnej oraz jej operacyjne zastosowania w obszarze praktyki zawodowej tłumaczenia ustnego oraz nauczania tłumaczenia ustnego. Kontraktowanie pozwala z jednej strony rozważyć i rozwiązać konkretne problemy tłumacza ustnego, z drugiej zaś uwrażliwić studentów tłumaczenia ustnego na pewne kwestie związane z wykonywaniem tego zawodu.
Źródło:
Edukacyjna Analiza Transakcyjna; 2019, 8; 71-80
2299-7466
Pojawia się w:
Edukacyjna Analiza Transakcyjna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Generalna zasada kauzalności – czy rzeczywiście przebrzmiały spór?
Autorzy:
Marcin, Olechowski,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
civil law
contract law
obligations
cause
abstract undertaking
freedom of contract
Opis:
In 1952 Witold Czachórski posited as a general principle of Polish contract law that legal actions leading of a transfer of wealth require for their validity a proper cause; the rule was construed as a mandatory one and precluded the creation of abstract obligations unless expressly permitted by law. Czachórski’s theory was underpinned by an in-depth analysis of the entire body of civil law, as well as axiological considerations that emphasized the need to control contractual fairness (Section 1). After 40 years of largely uncontroverted acceptance the rule was abruptly abandoned by the Supreme Court on grounds of freedom of contract (Section 2). Despite its fundamental nature, this change was not accompanied by any in-depth discussion in legal doctrine (Section 3). While unsatisfactory on a theoretical level, it seems in retrospect that this was, at a time of systemic transformation to a liberal market economy, a pragmatic and perhaps inevitable approach that served to further the newly re-established principle of freedom of contract. Paradoxically, however, with the contemporary shift to a more control-oriented approach to freedom of contract it would not be entirely surprising to see a rebirth of the role of cause and of Czachórski’s theory some time in the future (Section 4).
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2016, 64; 113-124
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optymalizacja kosztów zatrudnienia na przykładzie wybranych niepracowniczych tytułów ubezpieczenia społecznego
The optimization of employment costs on the example of selected non-employee titles to social insurance
Autorzy:
Marcin, Krajewski
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/7472358.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
social insurance
pension insurance
contractor
contract of employment
civil-law contract
Opis:
The paper provides an analysis of advantages and disadvantages of the optimization of employment costs in Poland. The Polish Social Insurance Act introduced a model of autonomous burdens for different insurance titles based on three basic assumptions: full protection of employees, right to insurance, and flexibility in case of non-employee insurance titles. The choice of a form of employment determines the future benefits. The amount of contributions also affects the Social Insurance Fund’s and National Health Fund’s revenues. The author claims that optimization of employment costs creates the rationale for amending the current regulations. The article concludes with possible implications of the current model for employees, contractors, self‑employed persons, and farmers.
Źródło:
Studia BAS; 2019, 2(58); 109-125
2080-2404
2082-0658
Pojawia się w:
Studia BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Albanian legal framework on Factoring contract
Autorzy:
Liçenji, Anjeza
Katro, Kestrin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036128.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
contract
factoring
factor
debtor
Opis:
Factoring contract is a new phenomenon, compared to earlier forms of commerce in juridical circulation. Factoring is a method used by a firm to obtain cash when available cash balance, held by the firm, is insufficient to meet current obligations, and accommodate its other cash needs, such as new orders or contracts. The use of factoring to obtain the cash, needed to accommodate the firm’s immediate cash needs, will allow the firm to maintain a smaller ongoing cash balance. By reducing the size of its cash balances, more money becomes available for investment in the firm’s growth. A company sells its invoices at discount to their face value when it calculates that it will be better off proceeding to bolster its own growth than it would be by effectively functioning as its “customer’s bank”. Many businesses have cash flow that varies. A business might have a relatively large cash flow in one period, as well as a relatively small cash flow in another period. Because of this, firms find it necessary to both keep a cash balance on hand, and use such methods as factoring, in order to enable them to cover their short term cash needs in those periods in which these needs exceed cash flow.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2013, 08; 161-171
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wątpliwości prawne związane z faktem oddelegowywania lekarzy, zatrudnionych na podstawie umowy o pracę, do innej pracy przez kierowników podmiotów leczniczych w czasie epidemii, w kontekście art. 47 ust. 3 ustawy z 5 grudnia 2008 r. o zapobieganiu oraz zwalczaniu zakażeń i chorób zakaźnych u ludzi
Legal doubts related to the fact that doctors employed under an employment contract are seconded to other work by managers of medical entities during the epidemic, in the context of Article 47 para. 3 of the Act of 5th December 2008 on the Prevention and Control of Infections and Infectious Diseases in Humans
Autorzy:
Stykowski, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2193750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
epidemic
doctor
employment contract
Opis:
The author analyzes the problem of issuing official orders by the employer, including the seconding of an employee to another job as part of an employment relationship, to an employee who is a doctor, in the context of the Act on Preventing and Combating Infections and Infectious Diseases in Humans, as well as the principle of equality before the law. The statutory limitations on issuing official orders were examined. A broader problem was also raised – violations of basic constitutional principles and civil rights.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2022, 1(73); 9-22
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
RELEVANCE OF INFORMATION AND CONTRACTUAL MODALITY OF AESTHETIC MEDICINE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN SPANISH AND POLISH CASE-LAW
Autorzy:
Rymkiewicz, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
information
consent
contract
medicine
Opis:
Aesthetic medicine has been developing at a fast pace in recent years. It is necessary and ethical for anyone who undergoes any of these treatments to receive complete information on its implementation methods, as well as its consequences andadverse effects. Only once the person who would be affected by these procedures obtains truthful and impartial information, can he or she provide a legally binding consent to undergo a procedure. Thus, the information received by the patient plays a crucial role since it underlies the subject’s decision concerning the treatment.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2018, 35, 4; 103-111
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Contract farming as an instrument against food wastage
Autorzy:
Łobos-Kotowska, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-02-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
food wastage
contract farming
Opis:
The subject of the paper is the problem of prevention of food wastage at the production stage. A contract farming agreement is the legal instrument that performs the function of prevention of food wastage at this stage. The conclusion of a contract farming agreement affects the food wastage caused by both natural and climate related and economic causes. The primary function of this agreement is to plan and organize production by providing the agricultural producer with the ability to sell his agricultural products and the contracting party with access to feedstocks of a specified quantity and quality. Other functions of this agreement, such as modernizing the production process and providing economic support to the producer, also contribute to a reduction of food wastage.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2023, 99; 535-547
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Theoretical Review of Studying on Smart Contract in Blockchain Technology Revolution
Autorzy:
wen, Qingmei
Fang, Haowei
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2551274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Metropolitalny
Tematy:
Blockchain Smart Contract
akt prawny
prawo zobowiązań
oszczędność energii
Blockchain
Smart Contract
Legal Act
Contract Law
energy conservation
Opis:
Artykuł został poświęcony problematyce inteligentnych kontraktów (smart contracts) zawieranych w sieci blokchain. Teoretyczna analiza poglądów na wskazany temat prowadzi do wniosku, że są w tym zakresie różnice pomiędzy badaniami prowadzonymi w Chinach a badaniami prowadzonymi w innych państwach. W pierwszym z państw zwraca się przede wszystkim uwagę na trzy aspekty inteligentnych kontraktów. Są nimi: charakter prawny inteligentnych kontraktów, ich wpływ na tradycyjne prawo umów, a także możliwe problemy związane z zastosowaniem w stosunku do nich odpowiedniej regulacji prawnej. Badania w innych państwach koncentrują się na: związku z inteligentnych kontraktów z prawem, wpływu tych kontraktów na prawo umów oraz potencjalnym ryzyku, jakie niosą za sobą inteligentne kontrakty.
This paper reveals that there are different perspectives for theoretical research of Blockchain Smart Contracts between China and other countries. Chinese scholars are mainly focused on three aspects in terms of the legal attribute, influence among traditional Contract Law and potential legal problems of Blockchain Smart Contract. While relative researches in other countries contain the relationship between Blockchain Smart Contracts and Laws, the impact of Blockchain Smart Contracts on traditional contract system and potential risks of Blockchain Smart Contracts. Survey reviews that although Chinese scholars have made specific analysis on Smart Contract, but there is still room for further research, including Guarantee, Interpretation, Jurisdiction of Smart Contract. Yet current studies in other countries are inclined to conduct the study from the perspective of Contract Law theory, probably the relationship between other Law and Contract Law should be considered. Nowadays most countries have realized the importance of energy conservation. the operation of blockchain consumes plenty of resources, especially electric power resources. Therefore, it brings an important issue on balancing the Legislative contradiction between energy conservation and rational utilization of Blockchain Smart Contracts.
Źródło:
Ad Astra. Program badań nad astropolityką i prawem kosmicznym; 2023, 7; 4-22
2720-4456
Pojawia się w:
Ad Astra. Program badań nad astropolityką i prawem kosmicznym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The changing concept of employment : the special connection between labour law and civil law in Hungary
Autorzy:
Zaccaria, Márton Leó
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942414.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
civil law
employees’ rights
employment contract
freedom of contract
labour law
Opis:
The Hungarian labour law reform is a good example of how the idea of flexicurity is enforced in the 21st century in a post-socialist country. Flexible employment relationships overshadow the social side what is necessary in order to develop effectiveness and competitiveness. This process is completed by the relationship between labour and civil law and it is traced back to the special tradition of legal history. The present study surveys the main connection between labour and civil law and gives some remarks on the special private law-nature of labour law. This paper deals with one of the central questions of the Hungarian labour law reform, that is, the changing relationship between labour and civil law. This legal problem can be observed in Hungarian law for a long time. The study focuses on the civil law-type of the employment relationships and the differences between them. This study examines the regulation before 1st July of 2012 with the aim that development will be seen clearly in connection with the regulation in force. The study emphasizes what kind of fundamental changes the direct usage of civil law can perform in the strict structure of employment relationships.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2015, 6, 11
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 587

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