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Tytuł:
Possibilities to Optimize QoS with Next SON Versions
Autorzy:
Langer, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309116.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
4G
QoS
SON
Opis:
The paper discusses quality of service in LTE and LTE-A networks seen as a challenge that can be met with Self-Organizing Networks (SON) functionalities. The SON concepts have been included in the LTE (E-UTRAN) standards since the first release of the LTE technology. Self-optimization functionalities will monitor and analyze performance measurements, notifications, and self-test results and will automatically trigger re-configuration actions on the affected network nodes when necessary. The SON specifications have been built over the existing 3GPP network management architecture, the ultimate implementation of SON in 4G networks will bring many advantages. Successive SON procedures are waiting for their time and money to be implemented in 4G, though some essential issues for example of inter Radio Access Technology (RAT) interfaces must be overworked.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2015, 1; 27-31
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of Propagation Models in Wireless Communications for 4G Network
Autorzy:
Al-Aamri, Nawal
Nadir, Zia
Al-Lawati, Hassan
Suwailam, Mohammed Bait
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
path loss model
prediction
4G
RMSE
Opis:
Estimating the pathloss and signal strength of the transmitted signal at specific distances is one of the main objectives of network designers. This paper aims to provide generalized pathloss models appropriate for urban areas in Muscat the capital city of the Sultanate of Oman environment. The research includes studying different models of pathloss for the 4G cellular network at Muttrah Business District (MBD) at Muscat. Different models (Free Space model, Okumura Hata, Extended Sakagami, Cost231 Hata, ECC-33 Hata – Okumura extended, Ericsson, Egli, and SUI) are used with 800MHz. The results of the prediction models are compared with real measured data by calculating RMSE. The generalized models are created by modified original models to get accepted RMSE values. Different cells at MBD are tested by modified models. The RMSE values are then calculated for verification purposes. To validate the modified pathloss models of 4G, they are also applied at different cells in a different city in the capital. It has approximately the same environment as MBD. The modified pathloss models provided accepted predictions in new locations.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 1; 137--143
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Inefficiency in spectrum auctions – empirical evidence
Autorzy:
Kuś, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1871786.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
spectrum auction
inefficiency
Polish 4G auction
spectrum policy
auction design
aukcja widma
nieefektywność
polska aukcja 4G
polityka widmowa
projekt aukcji
Opis:
Purpose: The spectrum is scarce recourses, so it is very important to allocate it in a way to maximize the economic and social returns to the countries` economies. Economists agree that the best way to allocate rare resources are auctions. Despite their good properties, in some environments, they can create inefficiency. We describe some potential sources of inefficiency in spectrum auctions and some negative effects of inefficient spectrum allocation. We also discuss how the government through appropriate spectrum policy and auction designing can promote efficient spectrum allocation. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on the literature on the spectrum auction and public documents published by national spectrum authorities. Theoretical discussions are supported by case studies of real world spectrum auctions. Much attention has been paid to the case of the Polish 4G auction. Findings: Extremely high reserve prices or rigorous approach to promoting entry could lead to price distortions, misallocation or even unsold spectrum which harm both competition and consumers. The case of the Polish 4G auction confirms that gaps in the detailed auction rules may lead to significant delays in frequency allocation and increase the risk of an ineffective auction outcome. Practical implications: In the light of our findings, it is important that the rules of the auction in the 3.6 GHz band currently planned in Poland should allow the regulator to control the pace of the auction and take into account the risk of inefficient outcome associated with passive bids. Originality/value: The discussions made in this paper could help policy makers in Poland and other countries in spectrum auction designing.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2021, 150; 115-130
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quality management in 4G wireless networking technology allows to attend high-quality users
Autorzy:
Langer, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
4G
device-to-device communication
LTE
policy management
QoS
Opis:
The 4G networks are all-IP based heterogeneous networks that allow users to use any system at anytime and anywhere, and support a variety of personalized, multimedia applications such as multimedia conferencing, video phones, video/movie-on-demand, education-on-demand, streaming media, multimedia messaging, etc. Personalized services should be supported by personal mobility capability, which concentrates on the movement of users instead of users’ terminals. As the technology matures, traffic congestion increases, and competitive pressures mount, QoS and policy management will become more and more important. Also the users come with a number of new requirements on connectivity, and D2D networking technology must follow the idea of “Internet of things”. Operators must make sure they are working with vendors that have a strong framework to supply end-to-end QoS and are capable of supporting evolving needs. The paper discusses qualitative and quantitative indicators of telecommunication services. Main challenges that need to be addressed by nowadays and future systems are shown, and within them the massive growth in traffic volume and in the number of connected devices seems to play the most key role.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2013, 3; 48-55
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance Analysis of Empirical Radio Propagation Models in Wireless Cellular Networks
Autorzy:
Rahul, Rahul
Bansal, Bajrang
Kapoor, Rajiv
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1075552.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
2G
3G
4G
5G Cellular Networks
Cell Coverage
Path Loss
Radio Propagation Models
Opis:
This paper presents the performance analysis of different empirical radio propagation models used in wireless cellular networks. It particular, the parameters such as path loss and cell coverage area are studied for different cellular networks from second generation (2G) to fifth generation (5G). Accurate prediction of path loss and coverage area is highly desirable for planning of any wireless communication systems. Considering the urban terrain, the comparison is made between Hata model, Stanford University Interim (SUI) model, and modified SUI models. As a motivation for new millimeter wave (mm-wave) cellular systems, i.e., for 5G communication, the analysis is performed at 28 GHz. Considering -75 dBm as the desired minimum received power, it is observed that 2G communication (at 900 MHz using Hata model) experiences the lowest path loss and thus results into largest coverage area. The path loss is observed to be maximum for the future mm-wave systems (at 28 GHz using modified SUI model) that directly imply the smallest coverage area.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 121; 35-41
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Enhanced call processing discipline for control and charging in 4G network
Wzmocniony tryb przetwarzania połączeń do kontroli i taryfikacji w sieciach 4G
Autorzy:
Globa, L.
Diadenko, A.
Luntovskyy, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
dyscyplina usług
sieci 4G
polityka kontroli i taryfikacji
architektury systemów zarządzania
mechanizm taryfikacji
serving discipline
4G networks
policy control and charging
management system architectures
charging mechanism
Opis:
The tendency of charging development and policy call processing management systems is to deploy the convergent architecture call processing and charging [1]. Those systems can increase the flexibility of charging mechanism which becomes the way of impact on call processing policy. This approach gives opportunity to create call policy processing with different parameters: quality of service, service priority, subscriber priority, etc. The article focused on current disciplines of serving calls in PCC subsystems of 4G systems, which affects the charging procedure and may increase the profit of carrier
Tendencją rozwoju systemów taryfikacji i zarządzania przetwarzaniem ruchu telekomunikacyjnego jest tworzenie zgodnej architektury systemów dla realizacji obu tych zadań. Takie systemy mogą zwiększać elastyczność mechanizmów taryfikacji, co stanowi ważny cel polityki przetwarzania ruchu telekomunikacyjnego. Jednolite podejście stwarza możliwość realizacji polityki przetwarzania ruchu telekomunikacyjnego przy wykorzystaniu różnych parametrów: jakości usług (QoS), priorytetów obsługi, priorytetu subskrybenta itp. Praca dotyczy aktualnych wymagań obsługi połączeń w podsystemach obsługi taryfikacji należących do systemów 4G, co może prowadzić do zwiększenia zysku dostawcy. Zaproponowano oryginalny tryb serwisu przy przetwarzaniu informacji multimedialnych w sieci bezprzewodowej z dostępem OFDMA. Wykorzystano model oparty na rozkładzie Poissona. Uwzlędniona została szerokość pasma wymaganego przez usługę przy przeciążeniu sieci. Zaproponowany tryb pozwala lepiej wykorzystać połączenia i nie zmniejsza ilości usług w sieci. Badania eksperymentalne pokazały, że tryb ten jest wydajniejszy od innych., stosowanych dotychczas.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 12, 12; 1509-1512
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Space-Time-Frequency Machine Learning for Improved 4G/5G Energy Detection
Autorzy:
Wasilewska, Małgorzata
Bogucka, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226216.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
spectrum sensing
cognitive radio
machine learning
energy detection
4G
LTE
5G
k-nearest neighbors
random forest
Opis:
In this paper, the future Fifth Generation (5G New Radio) radio communication system has been considered, coexisting and sharing the spectrum with the incumbent Fourth Generation (4G) Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system. The 4G signal presence is detected in order to allow for opportunistic and dynamic spectrum access of 5G users. This detection is based on known sensing methods, such as energy detection, however, it uses machine learning in the domains of space, time and frequency for sensing quality improvement. Simulation results for the considered methods: k-Nearest Neighbor sand Random Forest show that these methods significantly improves the detection probability.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 1; 217-223
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
IgG4-related disease manifesting as an isolated gastric lesion- a literature review
Autorzy:
Skorus, Urszula
Kenig, Jakub
Mastalerz, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1392432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
Autoimmune diseases
IgG4 related disease
Immunoglobulin G4
Inflammatory pseudotumor
Stomach
Opis:
Introduction: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognised disorder of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, characterised by dense IgG4+ cells infiltration and fibrosis. IgG4-RD can affect various organs, but gastrointestinal tract involvement is rare. First case of isolated gastric IgG4-RD reported in polish population was diagnosed in our Clinic and became the reason for conducting a literature review. Materials and methods: A literature review was performed using PubMed database. Eight studies of isolated gastric IgG4-RD, published between 2011 and 2017, and a case diagnosed by the authors were included. Results: Three out of nine analysed patients had gastrointestinal complaints. In other cases lesions were detected accidentally. The majority of them were submucosal tumors while only one was a gastric ulcer. The most commonly affected was the stomach body. In all cases malignancy had been suspected, and the lesions were surgically removed. Diagnosis was based on the histopathology image and immunohistochemical staining. Only one patient had elevated IgG4 serum level. No case of recurrence or other organ involvement was reported. Conclusion: IgG4-related disease may manifest as an isolated gastric lesion and should be taken in consideration in differential diagnosis. Making an ultimate diagnosis without histopathological specimen examination seems to be difficult and can lead to misdiagnosis followed by inappropriate treatment. IgG4-RD responds well to steroid therapy. However, on this matter further studies are needed.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2018, 90, 4; 41-45
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 36

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