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    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
    Tytuł:
    Application of Modified Cores for Grain Refinement in Castings of Aircraft Turbine Blades
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Cwajna, J.
    Gradoń, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382651.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    innovative casting materials
    innovative casting technologies
    Nickel alloy IN-713C
    surface modification
    turbine blades
    macrostructure
    innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
    innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
    Stop niklu IN-713C
    modyfikacja powierzchni
    łopatki turbinowe
    makrostruktura
    Opis:
    Paper presents the results of research on modified surface grain refinement method used in investment casting of hollow, thin-walled parts made of nickel based superalloys. In the current technology, the refining inoculant is applied to the surface of the wax pattern and then, it is transferred to the ceramic mould surface during dewaxing. Because of its chemical activity the inoculant may react with the liquid metal which can cause defects on the external surface of the cast part. The method proposed in the paper aims to reduce the risk of external surface defects by applying the grain refiner only to the ceramic core which shapes the internal surface of the hollow casting. In case of thin-walled parts the grain refinement effect is visible throughout the thickness of the walls. The method is meant to be used when internal surface finish is less important, like for example, aircraft engine turbine blades, where the hollowing of the cast is mainly used to lower the weight and aid in cooling during operation.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 3; 19-22
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    ATD and DSC Analysis of IN-713C and ZhS6U-VI Superalloys
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Cwajna, J.
    Gradoń, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381895.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    innovative casting materials
    innovative casting technologies
    Nickel superalloys
    ATD method
    DSC method
    solidification parameters
    innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
    innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
    stopy niklu
    metoda ATD
    metoda DSC
    parametry krzepnięcia
    Opis:
    Paper presents the results of ATD and DSC analysis of two superalloys used in casting of aircraft engine parts. The main aim of the research was to obtain the solidification parameters, especially Tsol and Tliq, knowledge of which is important for proper selection of casting and heat treatment parameters. Assessment of the metallurgical quality (presence of impurities) of the feed ingots is also a very important step in production of castings. It was found that some of the feed ingots delivered by the superalloy producers are contaminated by oxides located in shrinkage defects. The ATD analysis allows for quite precise interpretation of first stages of solidification at which solid phases with low values of latent heat of solidification are formed from the liquid. Using DSC analysis it is possible to measure precisely the heat values accompanying the phase changes during cooling and heating which, with knowledge of phase composition, permits to calculate the enthalpy of formation of specific phases like γ or γ′.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 1; 13-16
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of hot isostatic pressing on the microstructure of turbine blade airfoil made of nickel-base superalloy
    Autorzy:
    Chmiela, B.
    Kościelniak, B.
    Cwajna, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353304.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    superalloys
    turbine blades
    HIP
    EBSD
    Opis:
    Turbine blades are flight safety parts in the jet engine. Therefore they should be characterized by very good mechanical properties, especially high creep resistance and fatigue strength at high temperature. The mechanical properties of blades made of nickel-based superalloys depend on the microstructure of the casting and its porosity [1,2]. The aim of this paper is evaluation of effect of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on microstructure of blade airfoil made of IN713C superalloy in four important zones: (i) leading edge, (ii) trailing edge, (iii) suction side and (iv) pressure side. HIP treatment was carried out proving some significant microstructural changes. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis reveals some structural changes what may facilitate diffusion processes leading to simplify of a heat treatment (solution treatment and aging).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 241-245
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of Carbides in Turbine Blade Made of IN713C Superalloy After Hot Isostatic Pressing
    Autorzy:
    Kościelniak, B.
    Roskosz, S.
    Cwajna, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/351248.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    IN713C superalloy
    hot isostatic pressing
    turbine blades
    qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbides
    Opis:
    The IN713C is nickel-based superalloy, used to produce low pressure turbine blades in a process of investment casting. However, porosity which is formed during the casting, decreases mechanical properties of IN713C. Therefore, to eliminate porosity, a process of hot isostatic pressing was applied. Nonetheless, HIP also least to some changes in the microstructure of tested material. The main aim of this paper is to characterize the morphology of carbides before and after hot isostatic pressing. Microstructural characterization was carried out with the use of a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer and an electron backscatter diffraction detector. The size and shape of carbides were evaluated by quantitative metallography methods methods. The results show that the amount, size and heterogeneity of arrangement of the carbides increased after application of HIP treatment.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 247-252
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Identification and evaluation of freckles in directionally solidified casting made of PWA 1426 nickel-based superalloy
    Identyfikacja i ocena wady frekle w kierunkowo krystalizowanym odlewie z nadstopu niklu PWA 1426
    Autorzy:
    Chmiela, B.
    Sozańska, M.
    Cwajna, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355041.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    turbiny
    silniki lotnicze
    EBSD
    freckles
    nickel-based superalloys
    directional solidification
    Opis:
    Manufacturing of modern aero engine turbine blades made of nickel-based superalloys is very complex and expensive. The thrust and performance of new engines must address constantly more demanding requirements. Therefore, turbine blades must be characterised by very good mechanical properties, which is possible only if the blades are free of casting defects. An important innovation has been the launching of directionally solidified (DS) and single crystal (SX) turbine blades. But, manufacturing procedures and the chemical composition of many superalloys promote the formation of casting defects that are characteristic only for directional solidification. One of these defects is freckles. Freckles are small equiaxed grains in the form of long chains parallel to the solidification direction and are located on the surface of the casting. Freckles decrease the mechanical properties of DS and SX blades; therefore, they should be always unambiguously identified to improve the manufacturing process. This work presents the possibilities of identifying and evaluating freckles in DS casting made of PWA 1426 superalloy by combining the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques.
    Wytwarzanie łopatek turbin nowoczesnych silników lotniczych jest bardzo złożone i kosztowne. Stale rosną też wymagania dotyczące ciągu i sprawności nowych silników. Dlatego łopatki turbin musza charakteryzować się bardzo dobrymi właściwościami mechanicznymi. Jest to możliwe tylko wtedy, gdy łopatki nie wykazują wad odlewniczych. Ważną innowacją w wytwarzaniu łopatek było wprowadzenie łopatek kierunkowo krystalizowanych (DS) i monokrystalicznych (SX). Skład chemiczny wielu nadstopów i proces wytwarzania łopatek stanowią czasem czynniki sprzyjające powstawaniu wad odlewniczych, charakterystycznych tylko dla procesu kierunkowej krystalizacji. Przykładem takiej wady są frekle. Wada ta ma postać małych, równoosiowych ziaren tworzących łańcuchy, przeważnie równoległe do kierunku krystalizacji. Wada ta znacznie obniża właściwości mechaniczne łopatek DS i SX, dlatego powinna być zawsze jednoznacznie identyfikowana w celu usprawnienia procesu ich wytwarzania. W pracy przedstawiono możliwości identyfikacji i oceny wady frekle w kierunkowo krystalizowanym odlewie z nadstopu niklu PWA 1426 przy użyciu elektronowej mikroskopii skaningowej (SEM), mikroanalizy rentgenowskiej (EPMA) i dyfrakcji elektronów wstecznie rozproszonych (EBSD).
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2012, 57, 2; 559-564
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Relationship Between the Solidification Parameters and Chemical Composition of Nickel Superalloy IN-713C
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Gradoń, J.
    Cwajna, J.
    Szymszal, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383245.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    innovative casting materials
    innovative casting technologies
    nickel alloy IN-713C
    thermal analysis
    solidification parameters
    innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
    innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
    stop niklu IN-713C
    analiza termiczna
    parametry zestalania
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of studies on the development of correlation of solidification parameters and chemical composition of nickel superalloy IN-713C, which is used i.a. on aircraft engine turbine blades. Previous test results indicate significant differences in solidification parameters of the alloy, especially the temperatures Tliq and Tsol for each batch of ingots supplied by the manufacturer. Knowledge of such a relationship has important practical significance, because of the ability to asses and correct the temperatures of casting and heat treatment of casts on the basis of chemical composition. Using the statistical analysis it was found that the temperature of the solidification beginning Tliq is mostly influenced by the addition of carbon (similar to iron alloys). The additions of Al and Nb have smaller but still significant impact. Other alloying components do not have significant effect on Tliq. The temperature Teut is mostly affected by Ni, Ti and Nb. The temperature Tsol is not in any direct correlation with the chemical composition, which is consistent with previous research. The temperature Tsol depends primarily on the presence of non-metallic inclusions present in feed materials and introduced during the melting and casting processes.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2014, 14, 4; 5-10
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of impurities in feed ingots on the quality of castings made from nickel superalloy IN-713C
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Cwajna, J.
    Sozańska, M.
    Gradoń, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381414.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    ATD
    superalloy
    feed ingot
    master heat
    solidification
    non-metallic inclusion
    nadstop
    wlewek
    krzepnięcie
    wtrącenie niemetaliczne
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of research on the impact of impurities in the feed ingots (master heat) on the precipitation of impurities in the ATD thermal analysis probe castings. This impurities occur mostly inside shrinkage cavities and in interdendritic space. Additionally, insufficient filtration of liquid alloy during pouring promotes the transfer of impurities into the casting. The technology of melting superalloys in vacuum furnace prevents the removal of slag from the surface of molten metal. Because of that, the effective method of quality assessment of feed ingots in order to evaluate the existence of impurities is needed. The effectiveness of ATD analysis in evaluation of purity of feed ingots was researched. In addition the similarities of non-metallic inclusions in feed ingots and in castings were observed.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2013, 13, 4; 5-8
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluation of metallurgical quality of master heat IN-713C nickel alloy ingots
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Cwajna, J.
    Roskosz, S.
    Gradoń, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380351.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    analiza termiczna (ATD)
    nadstop niklu
    krzepnięcie odlewu
    wtrącenia niemetaliczne
    ATD thermal analysis
    nickel superalloy
    master heat ingot
    solidification
    non-metallic inclusions
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results of evaluation of the metallurgical quality of master heat ingots and of the identification of non-metallic inclusions (oxides of Al., Zr, Hf, Cr, etc.), which have been found in the shrinkage cavities formed in these ingots. The inclusions penetrate into the liquid alloy, and on pouring of mould are transferred to the casting, especially when the filtering system is not sufficiently effective. The specific nature of the melting process of nickel and cobalt alloys, carried out in vacuum induction furnaces, excludes the possibility of alloy refining and slag removal from the melt surface. Therefore, to improve the quality of castings (parts of aircraft engines), it is so important to evaluate the quality of ingots before charging them into the crucible of an induction furnace. It has been proved that one of the methods for rapid quality evaluation is an ATD analysis of the sample solidification process, where samples are taken from different areas of the master heat ingot. The evaluation is based on a set of parameters plotted on the graph of the dT/dt derivative curve during the last stage of the solidification process in a range from TEut to Tsol.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2012, 12, 4; 5-10
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of Modification and Casting Technology on Structure of IN-713C Superalloy Castings
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Cwajna, J.
    Gradoń, P.
    Mańka, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381572.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    innovative casting materials
    innovative casting technologies
    nickel alloy IN-713C
    modification
    cobalt aluminate
    macrostructure
    innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
    innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
    stop niklu
    modyfikacja
    kobalt
    makrostruktura
    Opis:
    The paper presents the results concerning impact of modification (volume and surface techniques), pouring temperature and mould temperature on stereological parameters of macrostructure in IN713C castings made using post-production scrap. The ability to adjust the grain size is one of the main issues in the manufacturing of different nickel superalloy castings used in aircraft engines. By increasing the grain size one can increase the mechanical properties, like diffusion creep resistance, in higher temperatures. The fine grained castings. on the other hand, have higher mechanical properties in lower temperatures and higher resistance to thermal fatigue. The test moulds used in this study, supplied by Pratt and Whitney Rzeszow, are ordinarily used to cast the samples for tensile stress testing. Volume modification was carried out using the patented filter containing cobalt aluminate. The macrostructure was described using the number of grains per mm2, mean grain surface area and shape index. Obtained results show strong relationship between the modification technique, pouring temperature and grain size. There was no significant impact of mould temperature on macrostructure.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 3; 11-14
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Digital Material Representation Model of Porous Microstructure Based on 3D Reconstruction Algorithm
    Autorzy:
    Madej, Ł.
    Mojżeszko, M.
    Chrapoński, J.
    Roskosz, S.
    Cwajna, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356105.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    3D reconstruction
    digital material representation
    serial sectioning
    porous microstructure
    finite element method
    Opis:
    Development of the Digital Material Representation (DMR) model, based on 3D reconstruction algorithm and serial sectioning, is the main goal of the present paper. Details on the serial sectioning and image processing algorithms are presented first. Serial sectioning is realized on the basis of light microscopy (LM). Then concept of 3D reconstruction and developed algorithms are presented. Two approaches, based on shape coefficients and the flood fill algorithms, are developed to identify corresponding features on subsequent 2D images. Then, the interpolation algorithm to reconstruct 3D volume between 2D images is presented. Finally, obtained 3D model is an input for finite element mesh generation software for subsequent finite element calculations.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 2A; 563-569
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Surface Modification of Cored, Thin Walled Castings of Nickel Superalloy IN-713C
    Autorzy:
    Binczyk, F.
    Cwajna, J.
    Gradoń, P.
    Mańka, M.
    Findziński, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381063.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Innovative casting material
    innovative casting technology
    nickel alloy IN-713C
    surface modification
    cobalt aluminate
    macrostructure
    innowacyjny materiał odlewniczy
    innowacyjna technologia odlewnicza
    stop niklu IN-713C
    modyfikacja powierzchni
    glinek kobaltu
    makrostruktura
    Opis:
    In current casting technology of cored, thin walled castings, the modifying coating is applied on the surface of wax pattern and, after the removal of the wax, is transferred to inner mould surface. This way the modification leading to grain refinement occur on the surface of the casting. In thin walled castings the modification effect can also be seen on the other (external) side of the casting. Proper reproduction of details in thin walled castings require high pouring temperature which intensify the chemical reactions on the mould – molten metal interface. This may lead to degradation of the surface of the castings. The core modification process is thought to circumvent this problem. The modifying coating is applied to the surface of the core. The degradation of internal surface of the casting is less relevant. The most important factor in this technology is “trough” modification – obtaining fine grained structure on the surface opposite to the surface reproduced by the core.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2015, 15, 3; 17-20
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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