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    Tytuł:
    Jednolita ochrona patentowa – wybrane zagadnienia i uwagi o działaniach podczas polskiej prezydencji w Radzie UE
    Unitary Patent Protection – Selected Issues and Notes in Scope of Operation at Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union
    Autorzy:
    Bogucka, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506382.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Opis:
    One of the main targets of Polish Presidency of the Council of the European Union was to reach an agreement regarding unitary patent protection. However, although numerous attempts were made the issue remained unsolved. EU Member States reached a provisional agreement on the two draft regulations implementing enhanced cooperation in the area of unitary patent protection, but compromise on agreement for the creation of a Unified Patent Court was not achieved. The works on Unitary Patent Protection lasted within enhanced cooperation of 25 EU Member States. The unitary protection was to be created by so-called patent package built of two regulations, adopted by union institutions introducing enhanced cooperation on unitary patent protection system and with respect of translations and international agreement on creating Unified Patent Court. The agreements stipulate establishment of European patent with unitary effect applicable on territory of all EU Member States participating in enhanced cooperation. The achievements of Polish Presidency in Europe in works on unitary patent protection should not be criticized although on domestic ground not only should the Polish stand and accepted offers but also the commitment of Polish society in establishing rules be refused.
    Źródło:
    Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2012, 2; 39-49
    1733-2680
    2451-0610
    Pojawia się w:
    Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ochrona praw człowieka w Unii Europejskiej w aspekcie społecznej odpowiedzialności przedsiębiorstw – wybrane zagadnienia
    Protection of human rights in European Union in the aspect of corporate social responsibility – selected issues
    Autorzy:
    Bogucka, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506774.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
    Tematy:
    human rights
    European Union
    Corporate Social Responsibility
    CSR
    Opis:
    The modern definition and catalogue of human rights were formalized after the World War II. One of the legal documents is Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 which states that all people are free and equal under the law, dignity and rights regardless a race, color, sex, language, religion, political and other views, nationality, social status and so on. All economic, social and cultural rights are also protected. An economic growth and common globalization require legal regulations on observations of human rights in business relations. Since 2001 European Union has been creating such regulations, admittedly not mandatory, but establishing corporate social responsibility (CSR). It means that an entrepreneur should consider in his economic strategy environmental and social aspects although accepting all those methods is entirely voluntarily. On February 6th, 2013, European Parliament accepted two resolutions on CSR: 1) Accountable, transparent and responsible business behavior and sustainable growth (2012/2098 (INI)); 2) Promoting society’s interests and a route to sustainable and inclusive recovery (2012/2097 (INI)). Resolutions include a new definition introduced by Commission, understood as “corporate responsibility for its influence on society”. The aims of both resolutions is to create mechanisms allowing to workout common values for enterprises owners, interested third parties and society and recognize, prevent and mitigate negative effects of destructing activity of enterprise. The involvement of small and medium-sized enterprises (MSP) sector in corporate social responsibility adjusting the methods of CSR to company size and character of activity is postulated. It is also seen that human rights in third countries, in which union companies have their shares and from which providers within chain of supplies originally come, need to be protected.
    Źródło:
    Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2013, 2; 89-101
    1733-2680
    2451-0610
    Pojawia się w:
    Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Media and Local Communities in the Context of Humanitarian Aid
    Autorzy:
    Bogucka, Anna
    Bill, Patrycja
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2137108.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-10-29
    Wydawca:
    Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
    Tematy:
    humanitarian aid
    crisis
    media
    information
    community
    Opis:
    The subject of the article is creating the image of local communities in the media in the context of humanitarian aid. The rationale for taking up the topic are extraordinary events and the resulting humanitarian needs as well as the media creating the image of the victims and the need to help them. The information presented by the media is a signpost for donators of humanitarian aid. They make it possible to recognize the needs of the victims and provide them with full-value assistance. The assistance provided enables the local community to readapt, and also draws attention to the situation in a given area. The article adopted the research goal of defining the role of the media in creating the image of the local community in the context of providing humanitarian aid. The research goal adopted in this way allowed for a hypothesis that the media constitute the basis for creating the image of local communities in need of humanitarian aid. Composing a social view of humanitarian aid beneficiaries appoints the media as an organ that determines the type, direction and volume of humanitarian aid. The formulated hypothesis was verified thanks to the use of research methods in the form of a case study, desk research and an analysis of the scientific literature. The article presents the media as a key area in creating the image of humanitarian aid beneficiaries.
    Źródło:
    Logistics and Transport; 2022, 55-56, 3-4; 37-48
    1734-2015
    Pojawia się w:
    Logistics and Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    To treat or not to treat drug-refractory epilepsy by the ketogenic diet? That is the question
    Autorzy:
    Ułamek-Kozioł, Marzena
    Pluta, Ryszard
    Bogucka-Kocka, Anna
    Czuczwar, Stanisław J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989609.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    ketogenic diet
    ketones
    acetone
    epilepsy
    antiepileptic drugs
    Opis:
    Epilepsy is a serious neurologic disorder worldwide which affects about 1% of the population (ca. 50 million people), the highest prevalence occurring in both children and elderly. Apart from idiopathic forms, etiology of the disease involves multiple brain risk factors – the most frequent being cerebrovascular diseases, tumours and traumatic injuries. Several treatment options exist, including, for instance, pharmacotherapy, vagal nerve stimulation or epilepsy surgery. In spite of treatment, about 30% of patients with epilepsy still have seizures and become drug-refractory. This is why other treatment options may be recommended, and ketogenic diet seems a last-chance method, especially in children and adolescents with epilepsy. The diet contains high amounts of fat and low carbohydrates with vitamin supplementation. The elevated concentrations of ketones induced by the diet may result in inhibition of the synaptic activity of glutamate, the mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway, and activation of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels. One of the main ketones is acetone, shown to increase the seizure threshold and potentiate the anticonvulsant activity of some antiepileptic drugs. The clinical effectiveness of the ketogenic diet has been confirmed in a number of clinical trials carried out mainly on children. A wider use of the ketogenic diet may be limited by the number of early adverse effects (gastrointestinal distress, acidosis, hypoglycaemia, dehydration and lethargy), and late adverse effects (hyperuricaemia, hyperlipidaemia, kidney stones, easy bruising, and decreases in height and weight). Recently, data are available on the negative impact of the ketogenic diet on the qualitative characteristics of lipoprotein subfractions which points to the atherogenic fenotype as a new side-effect. In conclusion, future research directed to the proper identification of patients (in terms of age, epilepsy type and duration, recommended antiepileptic drugs) is necessary to answer the title question.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2016, 23, 4
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Stan odżywienia a skrócenie czynnościowe mięśni kończyn dolnych u 9–12 letnich dzieci
    Nutritional status and functional shortening of the lower limbs in 9–12-year-old children
    Autorzy:
    Bogucka, Aleksandra
    Głębocka, Anna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1195843.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Opis:
    Cel pracy. Na świecie zauważa się wzrost liczby dzieci z nieprawidłowym stanem odżywienia. Zarówno niedobór masy ciała, jak i jej nadmiar jest zagrożeniem dla zdrowia najmłodszych nie tylko w tym okresie ontogenezy, ale również w dorosłości. Skrócenie czynnościowe mięśni często występujące u dzieci i młodzieży to zjawisko związane ze wzrostem sztywności pasywnej mięśni. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena częstości występowania skrócenia czynnościowego mięśni kończyn dolnych u dzieci o różnym stanie odżywienia. Materiał i metody. Badaniami objęto 227 dzieci w wieku 9–12 lat, uczęszczających do Szkoły Podstawowej w Wysokiem Mazowieckiem (woj. podlaskie). Przeprowadzono pomiary antropometryczne oraz testy czynnościowe mięśni kończyn dolnych: test Thomasa, test Patricka i test przykurczu mięśni kulszowo-goleniowych. Analizę otrzymanych danych przeprowadzono za pomocą testu t-studenta i testu chi-kwadrat w programie Statistica v. 12.0. Wyniki. Dziewczęta istotnie częściej miały niedoborową masę ciała w stosunku do chłopców (p < 0,01), chłopcy natomiast w stosunku do dziewcząt częściej mieli nadmierną masę ciała (p < 0,01). Skrócenie czynnościowe mięśni kończyn dolnych znacząco częściej (p < 0,01) diagnozowano u chłopców niż u dziewcząt. Wykazano, iż wśród badanych dziewcząt stan odżywienia miał wpływ na występowanie skrócenia czynnościowego kończyn dolnych. Wnioski. 1. Skrócenie czynnościowe mięśni kończyn dolnych częściej występuje u chłopców niż u dziewcząt. 2. Prawidłowa wartość wskaźnika BMI wpływa na spadek częstości występowania przykurczów mięśni kończyn dolnych zarówno u chłopców, jak i dziewcząt. 3. Należy zachęcać dzieci o nieprawidłowej masie ciała do uczestnictwa w zajęciach kompensacyjno-wyrównawczych.
    Objectives. An increase is observed worldwide in the number of children with an incorrect nutritional status. Both underweight and overweight create health risk for children during the period of ontogeny and also later in adulthood. Functional shortening of muscles which occurs often in children and adolescents is the phenomenon associated with an increase in passive stiffness of muscles. The aim of this study was to evaluate how frequently the functional shortening of the lower limbs muscles occurs in children with various nutritional status. Material and methods. The study covered 227 children aged 9–12 years, attending primary school in Wysokie Mazowiecki (Podlaskie Province). Anthropometric measurements and lower extremity muscle tests were performed: Thomas Test, Patrick Test and Sciatic Torsion Test. The t-student and chi 2 tests were used to analyze the results, which were calculated using Statistica v. 12.0. Results. Girls were significantly more often underweight than boys (p <0.01), while boys more frequently had excessive weight, compared to girls (p <0.01). Functional shortening of the muscles of the lower limbs was significantly more often diagnosed in boys than girls (p <0.01). It was confirmed that among the examined girls, nutritional status had an effect on the occurrence of shortened functioning of the lower limbs. Conclusions. 1) Muscle contractures of lower limbs tend to occur more often in girls than boys. 2) Correct BMI is associated with a decrease in the occurrence of functional shortening of the muscles of the lower limbs, both in boys and girls. 3) Children with impropriate weight should be encouraged to participate in corrective-compensatory gymnastics classes.
    Źródło:
    Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu; 2017, 23(52), 3
    2083-4543
    Pojawia się w:
    Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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