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Tytuł:
Mechanochemistry of Solids: New Prospects for Extractive Metallurgy, Materials Science and Medicine
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Baláž, M.
Achimovičová, M.
Bujňáková, Z.
Dutková, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375090.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.Dz
81.20.Wk
81.07.Bc
Opis:
In this review paper recent advances in chalcogene mechanochemistry are described. Three selected areas are being covered, i.e. metallurgy, materials science, and medicine. In extractive metallurgy, the processing of copper arsenic mineral enargite ($Cu_3AsS_4$) with the aim of its dearsenification and subsequent preparation of a new anticancer drug ($Na_3AsS_4$) and of copper in nanocrystalline state ( ≈ 20 nm) illustrate the non-traditional prospect of ore treatment. In material science, the new nanocrystalline semiconductors were synthesized mechanochemically, e.g. selenides of zinc and lead (ZnSe, PbSe) and bismuth sulphide ($Bi_2S_3$). Metal and chalcogene were applied as reaction precursors. In some cases, the amino acids (cystine, cysteine) were applied as sulphur precursor, in order to provide reactive sites on synthesized solid (PbS) for bioconjugation and to prevent agglomeration. The concept of nanomilling is described as a way to prepare effective substances for cancer treatment in medicine. In vitro activity of realgar ($As_4S_4$) as an example is described. In all three areas the focus is aimed also on industrial applications where suitable large-scale mills are described. The described examples represent the contemporary aim of mechanochemists - to prepare substances with the desired properties in a reproducible way under easy-operating, environmentally friendly and essentially waste-free conditions.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 4; 879-883
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanochemical Dechlorination of PVC by Utilizing Eggshell Waste
Autorzy:
Baláž, M.
Baláž, P.
Bujňáková, Z.
Pap, Z.
Kupka, D.
Zorkovská, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375093.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.Lg
81.20.Wk
88.20.dr
Opis:
Within this work, the dechlorination of polyvinylchloride (PVC) chemical as a model by co-milling with eggshell was performed in a planetary ball mill in order to show that mechanochemistry can be utilized for the simultaneous treatment of two wastes, while the products of the treatment can be used in further applications. The products of the reaction are water-soluble calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$), which can be used e.g. for de-icing of roads in winter and organic residue on the basis of ethylene, which can be recovered as energy source. The highest dechlorination yield (almost 97%) was achieved under following milling conditions: molar ratio between Ca and Cl: 2.34, ball-to-powder ratio: 65, rotation speed of the planet carrier: 550 rpm, milling time: 4 h and material of milling media: tungsten carbide. The optimum conditions were then applied for the removal of chlorine from industrial waste - the abandoned PVC window parapet. In this case, 95% dechlorination was evidenced.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 4; 884-887
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kinetics of Solid-State Synthesis of Quaternary Cu₂FeSnS₄ (Stannite) Nanocrystals for Solar Energy Applications
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Baláž, M.
Zorkovská, A.
Škorvánek, I.
Bujňáková, Z.
Trajić, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
75.50.Pp
81.05.Hd
61.46.Hk
Opis:
In this study we demonstrate the use of elemental precursors (Cu, Fe, Sn, S) to obtain stannite forms by a solid-state one-pot mechanochemical synthesis. In the processing route, we report the kinetics of the synthesis. For the characterization of the unique nanostructures, X-ray diffraction, specific surface area measurements and SQUID magnetometry methods were applied. CFTS polymorphs with the tetragonal body-centered structure with the average crystallite size 18-19 nm were obtained. The weak ferromagnetic properties of the quaternary nanocrystals after maximum milling time were also documented.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 4; 1153-1155
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanochemical Reduction of Chalcopyrite CuFeS₂: Changes in Composition and Magnetic Properties
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Zorkovská, A.
Baláž, M.
Kováč, J.
Tešinský, M.
Osserov, T.
Guseynova, G.
Ketegenov, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
75.50.Pp
81.05.Hd
Opis:
High-energy milling of sulphides with a reactive metal in so-called mechanochemical reduction mode can lead to products in nanorange and to composition which simplifies the following metallurgical processing. Chalcopyrite CuFeS₂, a ternary semiconductor with antiferromagnetic properties represents promising candidate as an advanced material for use in inexpensive nanoelectronics (solar cells, magnetic area), as well as copper ore source in metallurgical operations. In this work, the process of mechanochemical reduction of chalcopyrite with elemental iron is studied. The composition and properties of nanopowder prepared by high-energy milling were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements. Most of the reaction takes place during 30 min with chalcocite Cu₂S and troilite FeS as the only reaction products. The magnetic investigations reveal significant increase of saturation magnetization as a result of milling. Unlike the conventional high-temperature reduction of chalcopyrite, the mechanochemical reduction is fast and ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure are sufficient for its propagation.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 4; 1165-1167
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanochemical Synthesis and Characterization of II-VI Nanocrystals: Challenge for Cytotoxicity Issues
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Jardin, R.
Dutková, E.
Sayagués, M.
Baláž, M.
Mojžišová, G.
Mojžiš, J.
Turianicová, E.
Fabián, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1419910.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-07
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.Dz
81.07.Bc
81.20.Ka
81.20.Wk
Opis:
CdSe@ZnS nanocrystals have been prepared by a two-step solid state mechanochemical synthesis. CdSe prepared from elements in the first step is mixed with ZnS synthesized from zinc acetate and sodium sulfide in the second step. The crystallite size of the new type CdSe@ZnS nanocrystals determined by X-ray diffraction Rietveld refined method was 35 nm and 10 nm for CdSe and ZnS, respectively. Energy dispersive/transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy methods show good crystallinity of the nanoparticles and scanning electron microscopy elemental mapping illustrate consistent distribution of Cd, Se, Zn and S elements in the bulk of samples. UV-VIS spectra show an onset at 320 nm with calculated bandgap 3.85 eV. This absorption arises from the vibration modes of Zn-S bonds. The nanocrystals show the blue shift from the bandgap of bulk ZnS (3.66 eV). The synthesized CdSe@ZnS nanocrystals have been tested for dissolution, cytotoxicity and L-cysteine conjugation. The dissolution of Cd was less than 0.05 μg $mL^{-1}$ (in comparison with 0.8 μg $mL^{-1}$ which was evidenced for CdSe alone). The very low cytotoxic activity for selected cancer cell lines has been evidenced. CdSe@ZnS nanocrystals coated with L-cysteine are water-soluble and have a great potential in biomedical engineering as fluorescent labels.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2012, 122, 1; 224-229
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modular training system in virtual reality environment – MSEVR
Autorzy:
Baláž, V
Vagaš, M
Hajduk, M
Semjon, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/118035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
automated and robotic system
robot
simulation
teaching
virtual reality
Opis:
MSEVR is a system created for teaching of automated and robotic systems by means of new advanced teaching aids, including virtual reality. One of its constituents is also virtual laboratory that has been created as a specialized website. The presented paper acquaints with structure and performance of the virtual laboratory created by a work team at KVTaR SjF TU at Košice. It is a laboratory that is segmented to a set of independent robots for learning basics of industrial robots and modular system for experimentation in virtual reality. The Modular system has been designed for work with bigger, easily configurable workplaces.
Źródło:
Applied Computer Science; 2013, 9, 1; 46-53
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:
Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Current-Pulse-Induced Switching οf Asymmetric Spin Valves
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Gmitra, M.
Barnaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810525.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
72.25.Ba
73.21.Ac
Opis:
Dynamical behavior of an asymmetric spin valve, Co/Cu/Py nanopillar sandwiched between Cu electrodes, subject to a spin-polarized current was investigated in the diffusive transport regime. Using numerical macrospin simulations, the dynamical diagrams of the sensing layer were constructed, and the possibilities of switching from one collinear state to the other were discussed. A simple switching scheme for asymmetric spin valves, based on a sequence of current and magnetic field pulses, was proposed and illustrated on an example.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2009, 115, 1; 278-280
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Programming of robots for education of teachers at secondary vocational schools in CAD systems
Autorzy:
Baláž, V.
Vagaš, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
off-line programming
CAD
simulation
robot
Opis:
The article deals with off-line programming of robots in CAD systems. It explains the process of creating a model in a virtual environment workstation CAD system to generate a robot program. Implementation of off-line programming is one way of increasing economic parameters at plant. Off-line programming allows to significantly reduce time needed to create applications.
Źródło:
Journal of Technology and Exploitation in Mechanical Engineering; 2017, 3, 2; 12-16
2451-148X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Technology and Exploitation in Mechanical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fem analysis of the modules bodies for building of the robots technological heads
Autorzy:
Semjon, J
Vagas, M
Balaz, V.
Janos, R
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
FEM analysis
RPM
technological head
robot
Opis:
As a part the project it was necessary to design and implement accurate reducers and actuators in various kinematic solutions of modules. These modules will be possible to stack them into desired shapes, allowing them to be deployed in production machines and robotic equipment according to the specific customer requirements, e.g. technological heads. The article deals with designing and especially FEM analysis modules – technological heads for 2 and 3 axis handling and robotic systems. Designed modules – technological heads will allow correcting inaccura-cies motion manipulator or less precise robot. Solving of these modules is based on the use of smart actuators consisting of engine, precise gearbox and appropriate sensing technique. Control of the motion will be imple-mented on the basis of information obtained from sensors placed directly in drives the positioning module and the sensors working environment according to specific requirements for each application.
Źródło:
Applied Computer Science; 2014, 10, 3; 34-45
1895-3735
Pojawia się w:
Applied Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Photocatalytic Properties of Mechanochemically Synthesized Nanocrystalline $ZnAl_2O_4$ and CdSe
Autorzy:
Kostova, N.
Eliyas, Al.
Fabián, M.
Achimovičová, M.
Baláž, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1375494.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-10
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.20.-n
61.05.cp
61.46.-w
61.66.Fn
Opis:
Nanocrystalline powders of $ZnAl_2O_4$ and CdSe were prepared via mechanochemical synthesis. Powder slurries were coated as thin films on $SiO_2$ thin layer chromatography (TLC) sheet by capillary method. The photocatalytic activity of the film coating was tested in a self-made gas-phase flat-plate continuous-flow photocatalytic reactor with toluene as model air contaminant. The tested nanocrystalline $ZnAl_2O_4$ turned out to be poor oxidation photocatalyst under UV irradiation. CdSe displays considerable photocatalytic activity under visible light, where $TiO_2$ is inactive. The nonconventional one-step mechanochemical route to $ZnAl_2O_4$ and CdSe synthesis offers several advantages compared to traditional processing routes, including low-temperature solid state reactions at ambient temperature, absence of organic templates contamination and low expenses.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2014, 126, 4; 967-970
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanochemically Synthesized CuFeSe₂ Nanoparticles and Their Properties
Autorzy:
Dutková, E.
Škorvánek, I.
Sayagués, M.
Zorkovská, A.
Kováč, J.
Baláž, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032137.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-04
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
81.05.Hd
81.07.Wx
81.20.Wk
Opis:
The mechanochemical synthesis of nanocrystalline CuFeSe₂ particles prepared by high-energy milling in a planetary mill in an argon atmosphere from copper, iron, and selenium for 60 min is reported for the first time. The CuFeSe₂ nanoparticles crystallize in tetragonal structure with mean crystallite size of about 32±1 nm. High resolution transmission electron microscopy measurements confirmed the presence of agglomerates which are formed by small nanocrystalline domains (5-40 nm). The magnetic data revealed that paramagnetic CuFeSe₂ nanoparticles coexist with a small amount of ferromagnetic impurities at room temperature. The magnetic transition towards a weak ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic behavior occurs in CuFeSe₂ at approximately 79 K. The band gap of the CuFeSe₂ particles is 0.95 eV which is wider than the band gap in bulk materials (0.16 eV), which could be in many aspects of application more beneficial.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2017, 131, 4; 1156-1158
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Copper Leaching from Chalcopyrite: Mechanochemical Approach
Ługowanie miedz z chalkopirytu – aspekt mechaniczny i chemiczny
Autorzy:
Tesinsky, M.
Balaz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
Tematy:
mielenie
aktywacja mechaniczna
ługowanie
chalkopiryt
milling
mechanical activation
leaching
chalcopyrite
Opis:
In the presented work, possibilities of intensification of copper leaching from chalcopyrite CuFeS2 induced by mechanical activation was studied. In this article, the influence of mechanical activation time on copper leaching efficiency is compared. This study also shows how mechanical activation time influences selectivity of copper and iron leaching. For mechanical activation, planetary mill Fritsch Pulverisette 6 at 400 rpm and room temperature was used. Grinding chamber (250 cm3 in volume) and 50 balls (10 mm in diameter) made of tungsten carbide were used. Specifically, the effect of mechanical activation time (4, 20, 30 minutes), the effect of temperature (40, 60, 80°C) on the copper recovery by leaching and the effect of the leaching atmosphere (air, argon) were examined. The results showed that the highest possible recovery of copper from chalcopyrite was obtained after 20 minutes of milling and leached in hydrochloric acid at 80°C, with air atmosphere without any oxidizing reagents.
W artykule przedstawiono możliwości intensyfikacji procesu ługowania miedzi z chalkopirytu CuFeS2 za pomocą aktywacji mechanicznej. Zbadano wpływ czasu aktywacji mechanicznej na efektywność ługowania miedzi. Wyniki badań pokazały również wpływ czasu na selektywność rozdziału miedzi i żelaza. Do aktywacji mechanicznej wykorzystani młyn planetarny Fritsch Pulverisette 6, aktywację prowadzono przy obrotach 400 rpm, w temperaturze pokojowej. Do badan wykorzystano komorę mielenia o objętości 250 cm3 i 50 kul o średnicy 10 mm wykonanych z węglika wolframu. Określono wpływ czasu aktywacji mechanicznej (4, 20, 30 minut), wpływ temperatury (40, 60, 80°C) na odzysk miedzi w procesie lugowania w atmosferze powietrza i argonu. Wyniki wskazują, że najwyższy możliwy odzysk miedzi z chalkopirytu uzyskano po 20 minutach mielenia i ługowaniu w kwasie solnym w temperaturze 80°C, w atmosferze powietrza, bez jakichkolwiek czynników utleniających.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Mineralna; 2017, R. 18, nr 1, 1; 1-5
1640-4920
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Mineralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Magnetic Properties and Sorption Activity of Mechanically Activated Magnetite $Fe_3O_4$
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Timko, M.
Kováč, J.
Bujňáková, Z.
Ďurišin, J.
Myndyk, M.
Šepelák, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1535173.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-11
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
75.60.Ej
61.05.cp
76.80.+y
Opis:
It is known that the action of mechanical forces on solids (mechanical activation and/or mechanochemistry) leads to changes of their properties and reactivity. We have studied the physico-chemical and sorption properties of magnetite $Fe_3O_4$ (Kiruna, Sweden) mechanically activated in a planetary mill. Several methods such as X-ray diffractometry, Mössbauer spectroscopy, magnetometry, specific surface area measurement as well as arsenic sorption tests have been applied. By X-ray diffractometry strong amorphisation of magnetite has been evidenced. In parallel, specific surface area increased from 0.1 $m^2//g$ for the reference (non-milled) sample to the values 0.5-6.1 $m^2//g$ for milled samples. The Mössbauer spectrum of the reference sample is well fitted with two subspectra corresponding to tetrahedrally (A) and octahedrally (B) coordinated iron cations in the spinel structure of $Fe_3O_4$. In mechanically activated samples (B)-site subspectrum becomes asymmetric, while (A)-site spectrum remains more or less unchanged. The more covalent character of the Fe(A)-O bond compared to the Fe(B)-O bond can explain qualitatively why the spin-density transfer from (A) to (B) in the spinel structure is more effective than vice versa. The value of the saturation magnetization at room temperature was 67.4 ≈ 43.6 emu/g which is significantly lower than that of the bulk particles 92 emu/g. This reduction may be attributed to the surface disorder or spin canting at the particle surface. During the milling process the coercivity value increases from 150 Oe up to 460 Oe with milling time. This increase can be related to the fact that magnetic anisotropy may increase when particle size decreases. The sorption activity of $Fe_3O_4$ was enhanced as a consequence of its disordering: 88% of $As^{3+}$ was captured for the mechanically activated sample in comparison with 0% for the non-milled one.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2010, 118, 5; 1005-1007
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Defect Sensitivity of Magnetic Dot Arrays Influenced by Thermal Activation and Intradot Anisotropy
Autorzy:
Baláž, P.
Horváth, D.
Gmitra, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1813931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
61.80.Az
74.25.Fy
74.72.Bk
02.70.Bf
Opis:
The influence of non-magnetic central node defect on magnetic hysteresis of regular square-shaped segment of magnetic dot array with perpendicular uniaxial anisotropy under the thermal activation was investigated via computer simulations based on stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. The aim of this study is to point out the simultaneous effect of anisotropy and thermal activation to the dynamical properties of magnetic dot arrays.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2008, 113, 1; 583-586
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laboratory of industrial robotics as source for obtaining of practice knowledges from controlling and programming of robots
Autorzy:
Vagaš, M.
Baláž, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Polskie Towarzystwo Promocji Wiedzy
Tematy:
industrial robot
parallel robot
robot SCARA
dual arm robot MOTOMAN
Opis:
The laboratory of industrial robotics aspires to deliver learning opportunities in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics to communities where exposure is limited. The laboratory provides students with the resources to explore the fields of robotics in conjunction with high quality instruction and guidance from industry mentors. This laboratory is characterized by the need of robotics knowledges into traditional secondary vocational schools, which should provide the basic as well as advanced experiences, to address the needs of students, teachers and employees at different education levels. In this paper, we present the development of main workplaces for support virtual Moodle courses, as well as the training and relevant research.
Źródło:
Journal of Technology and Exploitation in Mechanical Engineering; 2017, 3, 2; 1-6
2451-148X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Technology and Exploitation in Mechanical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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