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Tytuł:
Defense against a knifer – terrorist attack in Würzburg
Obrona przed nożownikiem – atak islamskiego terrorysty w Würzburgu
Autorzy:
Kobylarz, Magdalena
Hrynaszkiewicz-Ołów, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30145453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
knifer
terrorism
firearms
physical strength
security
ISIS
nożownik
terroryzm
broń palna
siła fizyczna
bezpieczeństwo
Opis:
In the article, the authors present how a citizen can protect himself against an attack of a terrorist – knifer. The incidents where the main attackers are Islamic fundamentalists are increasingly heard in Europe. In order to bring this subject to light, the example of the terrorist attack in Würzburg has been described. Who was the terrorist? Is a citizen able to protect himself against an attack by a knife-wielding attacker? The primary assumption and purpose of the article below are to determine which method proves to be the most effective for the protection against a terrorist – a cutter. The authors have done so through the analysis of legal conditions regarding the use of various forms of defense on the example of self-defense techniques, the use of firearms or pepper spray, as well as the analysis of available literature.
W prezentowanym artykule autorki przedstawiają, w jaki sposób obywatel może chronić się przed atakiem terrorysty – nożownika. W Europie o takich zdarzeniach słyszy się coraz częściej, a głównymi napastnikami są fundamentaliści islamscy. Aby można było przybliżyć tę tematykę, opisany został przykładowy atak terrorystyczny w Würzburgu. Kim był terrorysta? Czy obywatel ma możliwość ochrony przed atakiem napastnika posługującego się nożem? Głównym założeniem oraz celem poniższego artykułu jest określenie, która z metod jest najlepszym sposobem ochrony przed terrorystą – nożownikiem. Autorki dokonały tego za pomocą analizy uwarunkowań prawnych dotyczących stosowania różnych form obrony na przykładzie technik samoobrony, używania broni palnej, bądź gazu pieprzowego oraz analizy dostępnej literatury.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2020, 52, 1(195); 32-40
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of a physical therapy programme on the condition of upper limb muscles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Autorzy:
Grygus, Igor
Nogas, Anzhela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29520458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
dynamometry
muscles strength
physical therapy
rheumatoid arthritis
strength index
Opis:
Introduction and aim. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic progressive systemic disease of the connective tissue affecting the joints, mainly small, of the erosive-destructive polyarthritis type, and frequent systemic inflammatory damage to internal organs. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy on the muscles of upper limbs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by the dynamics of muscle strength and strength index. Material and methods. To determine the strength of the muscles of the affected upper limbs were used dynamometry, calculated strength index as a percentage to assess the functional ability of the affected limb. All patients were divided into control (n=92) and main (n=96) groups, taking into account the functional insufficiency of the joints. Results. After 6 months of physical therapy, muscle strength indicators in the main group of patients with 1st degree of functional joints insufficiency (FJI) in the affected right limb increased by 3.1 kg, in the left by 3 kg; with 2nd degree FJI – in the right limb by 4.2 kg, in the left – by 3.7 kg, significantly exceeded the same indicators in patients of the control group (р<0.05). Similarly, there was an increase in the strength index in the patients of the main group. Conclusion. Physical therapy technology has been developed and implemented effectively influenced the increase in muscle strength and strength index of affected upper limbs of the main group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Źródło:
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; 2023, 4; 723-729
2544-2406
2544-1361
Pojawia się w:
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of circuit training on physical fitness and archery accuracy in novice athletes
Autorzy:
Susanto, Susanto
Siswantoyo, Siswantoyo
Prasetyo, Yudik
Putranta, Himawan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1932985.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-09
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
archery
arm strength
endurance
physical fitness
training methods
Opis:
Introduction: Physical condition is one of the most important factors in supporting archery. the better the physical condition, the better the concentration to support accuracy in archery. Concentration in archery is the ability to target targets accurately. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of circuit training on improving physical fitness and archery accuracy in novice athletes. Materials and Methods: Participants were 20 novice athletes, aged 10 to 12 years. Quasi-experimental research design, using two group pretest-posttest design. The method of collecting data on physical fitness uses the Indonesian physical fitness test (IPFT) aged 10-12 years and the accuracy test is by shooting arrows at the target. Data analysis used paired sample t-test, to determine differences in variable groups of men and women. The analysis results showed no difference if the significant value was less than 0.05 (p<0.05). Before analyzing the data, a prerequisite test was carried out which included the Shapiro Wilk normality test and the variate homogeneity test using the Levene's test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant increase in physical fitness in the male and female groups. Therefore, there was a significant improvement in the accuracy of archery shots in the male and female groups. The study concluded that circuit training is effective for improving physical fitness and archery accuracy in novice athletes.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2021, 1, 9; 100-108
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of a training programme on the special physical fitness of ju-jitsu trainees
Autorzy:
Ambroży, Tadeusz
Nowak, Mateusz
Mucha, Dariusz
Chwała, Wiesław
Piwowarski, Juliusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861744.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
ju-jitsu
special physical fitness
strength training
martial arts
Opis:
The purpose of training in ju-jitsu is developing characteristic adaptation to physical activity and optimizing body functions so as to obtain maximal achievements. A means to an end is mastering the fighting technique and develop the essential level of special physical fitness. The aim of this paper was to determine the influence of a modified circuit training conducted according to an original program on level of special physical fitness of ju-jitsu trainees. Ju-jitsu trainees having similar somatic parameters and training experience (3-5 years) were included in the research. 30 participants between the age of 21 and 28 have been selected by means of a purposeful selection. On the basis of different variants of a circuit training and governed by the guidelines of a functional training for trainees, we have developed a training programme which aims to develop special strength, stamina and speed skills. STATISTICA PL software was used to compile the results. In order to determine statistical significance of differences between pre- and posttest measurements in the evaluated group of Ju-Jitsu contestants, a t-test for related groups was used. In conclusion, the proposed training programme proceeds at a high level of intensity, which resembles start activity (which is indicated by the heart rate frequency measurement and lactic acid blood concentration) and may be used in ju-jistu training. The experimental training programme has exerted positive influence on the participants’ with respect to the number of movements made, which can affect their effectiveness in fight.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2014, 12(12); 178-186
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effects of Pilates Exercises on Some Elements of Physical Fitness and Body Composition
Autorzy:
Lipko-Kowalska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Pilates
physical activity
flexibility
trunk muscle strength
general balance
Opis:
The primary goal of this paper is to assess the effects of Pilates exercises on some elements of physical fitness, such as flexibility, trunk muscle strength, general balance, and body composition during a 6-month observation period. The experimental method was used in the study. The variables were verified using selected elements of an internationally used test called “Eurofit” for adults, namely, trunk muscle strength, flexibility, and general balance. The study was comprised of 17 women with an average age of 50.65±13.74, who met the inclusion criteria. Average study results show that class participants made the greatest progress with regard to flexibility and trunk muscle strength. The study results show that Pilates classes are an effective training method, especially as far as improving flexibility and trunk muscle strength is concerned.
Źródło:
Studia Periegetica; 2016, 16(2); 183-192
1897-9262
2658-1736
Pojawia się w:
Studia Periegetica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od „fortes milites” do „muli Mariani” - fenomen siły fizycznej żołnierzy wojsk rzymskich w okresie republiki rzymskiej
Autorzy:
Łuć, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/631846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Roman army, legion, military training, physical fitness, mental strength, equipment, logistics, military discipline
armia rzymska, legion, trening wojskowy, kondycja fizyczna, siła mentalna, ekwipunek, logistyka, dyscyplina wojskowa
Opis:
During the Roman republic the compulsory military service forced Romulus’s descendants to pay special attention to physical fitness and mental strength. Both elements played a special role during military service and were important from the perspective of individual citizens as well as that of the entire Roman society. Therefore, the author of this article attempted a reconstruction of the process of military training, which consisted in various forms of exercises and physical tasks, and which effectively prepared Romans for the hardships and dangers of service in the legions. Information on the psychophysical strength of Roman soldiers, which was a phenomenon commonly known in their times, was derived from various types of sources (narratives, inscriptions, papyri and archaeological artifacts). The literature referenced in the study supports the claims made by the author.
W okresie republiki rzymskiej obowiązek odbycia służby wojskowej zmuszał potomków Romulusa, aby, jeszcze przed wcieleniem do armii, byli do niej przygotowani zarówno pod względem kondycji fizycznej, jak i mentalnej. Bez tego, co jest oczywistym truizmem, byłoby im niezwykle trudno odnaleźć się na szczeblu oddziału, nie mówiąc już o podołaniu rygorom samej służby. Autor niniejszego artykułu podjął zatem próbę zrekonstruowania procesu szkolenia, na który składały się różne formy ćwiczeń, zadań i prac fizycznych kształtujących sprawność oraz kondycję żołnierzy i ułatwiających adaptację do trudów oraz niebezpieczeństw, jakie niosło za sobą otrzymanie kwalifikacji wojskowej. Informacji na temat siły psychofizycznej rzymskich legionistów, co było, jak się okazuje, powszechnie znanym fenomenem w czasach im współczesnych, dostarczają różnego rodzaju źródła (vide narracyjne, inskrypcje, papirusy oraz artefakty archeologiczne). Z kolei dzięki literaturze, uchwytnej w dyskursie naukowym, możliwe było zweryfikowanie ustaleń zaproponowanych w niniejszym tekście.
Źródło:
Res Historica; 2018, 46
2082-6060
Pojawia się w:
Res Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The relationship between digit ratio (2D:4D) and phy sical fitness in boys 7 to 13 years
Autorzy:
Eghbali, Ehsan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031912.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
PPHU Projack Jacek Wąsik
Tematy:
2D:4D
Children
Handgrip Strength
Physical Fitness.
Testosterone
Opis:
The relative lengths of the index finger to the ring finger (2D:4D) is sexually dimorphic. It is believed that the 2D:4D negatively correlates with prenatal testosterone and positively with prenatal estrogen. Low 2D:4D is related to masculine traits such as aggression, physical fitness and performance in different sports. The aim of this study is to investigate the relation ship between the 2D:4D and physical fitness among 7 to 13 year - old boys. 316 boys were selected, all participants were in pre - pubertal stage. After completing the consent by their parents; height, weight, lengths of the index and ring fingers and physical fitness such as: strength, muscle endurance, power, speed, agility, flexibility and aerobic fitness were measured. The partial correlation coefficients was used to determine association between variables. Data analysis was done by SPSS software, version 20 , and the level of significance was considered as P≤0.05. The results showed that the digit (2D:4D) ratio has no significant correlation with handgrip strength and aerobic fitness (P ˃ 0.05). Also, according to the results, no correlation has been observed between the 2D:4D and muscle endurance, power, speed, agility and flexibility (P ˃ 0.05). It seems that 2D:4D is associated with level of testosterone and prenatal estrogen; this index has no significant correlation with physical fitness in children and ca nnot be used to identify and discover talented individuals for various sporting fields. However, more researches are still needed in this area.
Źródło:
Physical Activity Review; 2016, 4; 154-162
2300-5076
Pojawia się w:
Physical Activity Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Welding Thermal Cycles on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Simulated Heat Affected Zone for a Weldox 1300 Ultra-High Strength Alloy Steel
Autorzy:
Węglowski, M. St.
Zeman, M.
Grocholewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/355256.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultra-high strength steel
weldability
Weldox 1300 steel
physical simulation
Opis:
In the present study, the investigation of weldability of ultra-high strength steel has been presented. The thermal simulated samples were used to investigate the effect of welding cooling time t8/5 on microstructure and mechanical properties of heat affected zone (HAZ) for a Weldox 1300 ultra-high strength steel. In the frame of these investigation the microstructure was studied by light and transmission electron microscopies. Mechanical properties of parent material were analysed by tensile, impact and hardness tests. In details the influence of cooling time in the range of 2,5 ÷ 300 sec. on hardness, impact toughness and microstructure of simulated HAZ was studied by using welding thermal simulation test. The microstructure of ultra-high strength steel is mainly composed of tempered martensite. The results show that the impact toughness and hardness decrease with increase of t8/5 under condition of a single thermal cycle in simulated HAZ. The increase of cooling time to 300 s causes that the microstructure consists of ferrite and bainite mixture. Lower hardness, for t8/5 ≥ 60 s indicated that low risk of cold cracking in HAZ for longer cooling time, exists.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 1; 127-132
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Binding force and mechanical strength of rice grain
Autorzy:
Szot, B.
Ferrero, A.
Molenda, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24123.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
physical loss
binding force
Italy
strength property
crop loss
harvest
mechanical strength
mechanical property
rice grain
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 1998, 12, 3
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preliminary report on engineering properties and environmental resistance of ancient mud bricks from tell el-retaba archaeological site in the nile delta
Autorzy:
Welc, Fabian
Trzciński, Jerzy
Zaremba, Małgorzata
Rzepka, Sławomir
Szczepański, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025359.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ancient Egypt
mud bricks
physical parameters
compressive strength
Nauki o Ziemi
Opis:
The archaeological site Tell el-Retaba in north-eastern Egypt, about 35 km to the west of Ismailia city, is located in the middle of Wadi Tumilat, a shallow valley running from the Nile Delta to the Bitter Lakes, along which flows the Suez Canal. In ancient times the valley was a route between Egypt and Syro-Palestine, strongly fortified in the New Kingdom times (16th–11th century BC). Mud bricks were analyzed from two parts of the Wall 1 (core of grey-brown bricks and inner extension of green bricks) in a fortress which existed during the Ramesses II times. Grain-size composition of the studied bricks was almost identical in both parts of the wall, suggesting the same source material for a production of brick. However, significant differences were observed in physical and mechanical properties (uni-axial compressive strength) in both types of bricks. Bricks from the core had lower bulk density, higher porosity and soak faster, whereas their resistance parameters were much lower than those of the bricks from the inner extension. The reason for such large differences in brick properties was a technology of their production, particularly proportion of components, water volume added during brick formation or density degree. Brick preparation and in consequence, physical-mechanical properties had direct influence on preservation of defensive structures during environmental changes related to changes of groundwater and surface water levels or of precipitation. Ancient Egyptians responsible for construction works in mud brick structures of the fortress must have had good knowledge and experience. This could be observed particularly for the heaviest and most important construction element that is the defensive wall, founded on well-densified deposits. It was also testified by higher resistance of green bricks from the inner extensions, which probably originated slightly later and were intended to reinforce a weaker core built of grey-brown bricks.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2016, 33; 47-56
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effectiveness of paprika seeds germination in relation to the physical properties
Efektywność kiełkowania nasion papryki w zależności od ich właściwości fizycznych
Autorzy:
Sobczak, P.
Zarajczyk, J.
Kowalczuk, J.
Zawislak, K.
Panasiewicz, M.
Mazur, J.
Starek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/793453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
pepper
seed germination
seed size
strength
separation
physical property
thickness
hardness
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2013, 13, 2
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Post-Consumer Wood of Different Age
Autorzy:
Gayda, Serhiy
Kiyko, Orest
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
post-consumer wood
physical properties
mechanical properties
characteristics
strength
recycling
technology
use
Opis:
It should be noted that there is currently a problem with wood resources in the woodworking industry. A potential, unused wood reserve is post-consumer wood (PCW). The problem with the quality of this wood resource has not been fully resolved since there is no regulatory database. In fact, there is a lack of appropriate regulatory documents, which makes it impossible to describe to a full extent the physical and mechanical properties of PCW of common wood species of different ages as a source of additional raw materials for various woodworking technologies. Proceeding from the goal, the task of the study is to describe the physical and mechanical properties of postconsumer wood using the example of fir wood, which for a long period of time has been used to create furniture and joinery products. The task is also to identify patterns of change in the indicators of this resource with age – an expired service life or suitability. In order to use PCW in woodworking and to fill the scientific base with physical and mechanical indicators of fir wood of different ages with an expired product service life, the following characteristics were investigated: static hardness, swelling, coefficients of swelling, the value of transverse anisotropy, density, static bending strength, splitting strength along the fibers, modulus of elasticity in compression, and the modulus of elasticity in static bending. The characteristics of PCW of the widespread fir species in the range of use from 0 to 20 years were explored, with intermediate control over the properties every 5 years. The dynamics of the physical and mechanical indicators of fir PCW were revealed and it was found that in the course of operation time in various conditions they change, mainly decreasingly: static hardness by 9.2-9.6%; the value of transverse anisotropy by 30-32%; strength: static bending strength by 3.4-7.95%, splitting strength by 4.49-8.67%; modulus of elasticity: in compression by 3.89-4.08%, in bending by 2.75-6.64%. The main causes of changes in the properties of PCW with age: natural: weathering, partial internal rot, insect damage, other biological effects; mechanical: splitting, scratches, small holes from means of fastening and other defects due to use; operational: the influence of power and dynamic loads, the influence of surface finishing agents and other factors on the structural elements of wood products. A summary table was compiled for the selection of indicators of the physical and mechanical properties of fir PCW of different ages. When knowing the indicators and dynamics of the physical and mechanical properties of PCW with age, it can be recommended for manufacturing structural materials – blockboards and furniture panels.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2023, 66, 212; Art. no. 177453
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effects of 6-month physical training conducted during hemodialysis in ESRD patients
Autorzy:
Chojak-Fijałka, Katarzyna
Smoleński, Olgierd
Miłkowski, Andrzej
Piotrowski, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1935839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Bronisława Czecha w Krakowie
Tematy:
haemodialysis
ESRD
muscle strength
Physical training
physical capacity
hemodializa
schyłkowa niewydolność nerek
siła mięśniowa
trening fizyczny
wydolność fizyczna
Opis:
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exercise training during hemodialysis treatment in patients with end-stage renal disease.Methods: Fourteen maintenance hemodialysis patients participated in a six-month program of exercise training. The exercise was performed during the hemodialysis treatment on a stationary bicycle three times per week. Compliance of exercise program was about 80% of the possible sessions. Sit-to-stand-to-sit test was used to evaluate legs muscle strength at baseline, after 3, and 6 months of exercise training. Exercise capacity was assessed on the treadmill test according to Bruce’s protocol at the beginning and at the end of the intervention.Results: After the six-months of exercise program, the patients showed: a significant increase in the number of repetitions performed in sit-to-stand-to-sit test after 3 months as compared to baseline (from 23,46 to 31,67) and an increase after 6 months of exercise program (from 23,46 to 36,50); a significant increase in treadmill test time (from 6,69 to 10,20 min); a significant increase in exercise capacity in treadmill test (from 4 to 6,21 METs).Conclusion: Exercise training during the hemodialysis treatment using stationary bicycle is technically feasible and safe for the screened patients and may increase exercise capacity and leg muscles strength. Physical exercise therapy should constitute an important part of treatment of patients undergoing haemodialysis.
Założenia i cele: Przebieg przewlekłej niewydolności nerek wiąże się ze stopniowym zmniejszaniem wydolności wysiłkowej chorych. Celem pracy było ocenienie skuteczności treningu wysiłkowego prowadzonego w czasie leczenia hemodializą u osób ze schyłkową niewydolnością nerek. Materiał i metoda: 14 przewlekle hemodializowanych pacjentów uczestniczyło w 6-miesięcznym programie aerobowego interwałowego treningu wytrzymałościowego. Ćwiczenia wykonywane były przy użyciu ergometru rowerowego trzy razy w tygodniu. Pacjenci uczestniczyli średnio w 80% zaplanowanych sesji treningowych. Siłę mięśni kończyn dolnych oceniano za pomocą testu „Wstań i siądź” trzykrotnie: na początku, po trzech miesiącach i na końcu programu. Tolerancja wysiłku oceniana była na początku i na końcu programu na podstawie wyników testu wysiłkowego wykonywanego na bieżni ruchomej zgodnie ze zmodyfikowanym protokołem Bruce’a. Wyniki: Po 6 miesiącach programu treningowego pacjenci wykazali: poprawę wyników testu „Wstań i siądź” (po trzech miesiącach średnio z 23,46 do 31,67 powtórzeń, a po sześciu miesiącach do 36,50 powtórzeń); poprawę tolerancji wysiłku, czego miarą było wydłużenie czasu trwania testu wysiłkowego (z 6,69 do 10,20 min.) oraz szacowanego pochłaniania tlenu w przeliczeniu na kg masy ciała (z 4 do 6,21 METs). Nie stwierdzono powikłań spowodowanych uczestniczeniem w treningu. Wnioski: Aerobowy interwałowy trening wytrzymałościowy w czasie hemodializy przy użyciu ergometru rowerowego jest technicznie możliwy i bezpieczny. 6-miesięczny trening fizyczny z zastosowaniem ergometru rowerowego poprawia siłę mięśni kończyn dolnych i ogólną tolerancję wysiłku. Terapia ruchowa powinna być ważną częścią leczenia osób przewlekle hemodializowanych.
Źródło:
Medical Rehabilitation; 2006, 10(2); 25-36
1427-9622
1896-3250
Pojawia się w:
Medical Rehabilitation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cement Concrete Mixture Performance Characterization
Autorzy:
Chisala, Maxwell
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/390117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
response models
mixture-design
mixture-factors
mixture-strength
mixture-porosity
physical properties
Opis:
The cementitious composite nature of concrete makes very diffi cult directly ascertaining each mixture-factors’ contribution to a given concrete mixture performance characteristics but also doubly diffi cult to accurately balance mutually exclusive requirements for performance (workability, strength, durability) and sustainability (the economic and effi cient use of materials) for mixture proportioning based on recipes of previously produced concretes. This study sought to quantify individual mixture-factors’ contribution to a given concrete mixture’s performance characteristics. Proposed multi-parametric exponential mixture-response models were fi tted to available test-performance data sets of HPC mixtures proportioned based on the best combined grade aggregate (minimum void) to generate mixture-strength and mixture-porosity development (age-mixture response relationships) profi les of HPC mixtures and deemed robust enough to yield reliable determination of mixture-response rate-parameters So, Sp, Si and Po, Pp, Pi as functions of mixture-factors that permitted reliable quantifi cation of contributions to HPC mixture performance of individual mixture-factors and optimization of mixture properties under study over the study domain. Mixture-response sensitivity analysis models (or mixture response trace plots) to allow construction of mixture-factor envelopes and ultimately optimized mixture-response models to facilitate selection of optimal mixture-factors and optimal tailoring of HPC mixture requirements to HPC mixture performance were developed and used to obtain optimized adapted HPC mixtures from available high performance concrete (HPC) mixture design recipes investigated in the study over the study domain. Adapted HPC mixture design recipes yielded alternative mixture compositions with improved performance and effi ciency characteristics with statistical performance metrics MAPE, NMBE and RMSE values of 7.6%,–3.7% and 6.5 MPa, respectively.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Architektura; 2018, 17, 4; 103-120
1899-0665
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Architektura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of Fly Ash from Thermal Treatment of Sewage Sludge According to the Applicable Standards
Autorzy:
Rutkowska, Gabriela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
fly ash
sewage sludge
physical and chemical properties
concrete
compressive strength
heavy metals
Opis:
The restrictions on carbon dioxide emissions introduced by the European Union encourage experimental work on new generation materials containing smaller amounts of clinker. Currently, silica fly ash from the combustion of hard coal is widely used in cement and concrete technology in Europe and in Poland. Their wide application is mainly determined by their chemical and phase composition, especially pozzolanic activity, their high fineness, similar to cement. The aim of the research was to assess the properties of fly ash from thermal treatment of sewage sludge in terms of use in concrete technology in relation to EN 450-1, ASTM-C618-03 and ASTM C379-65T. The obtained test results confirm that the tested material has a different physicochemical composition and does not meet the requirements related to the use of ash in the production of concrete. In addition, the research showed the possibility of producing ordinary concrete, modified with fly ash from thermal treatment of sewage sludge. The average compressive strength for concrete containing 15% of ash from Cracow was set at 48.1 MPa and 49.2 MPa after 28 and 56 days of maturation, for ash from Warsaw at 42.0 MPa and 45.1 MPa, and for ash from Łódź at 36.2 MPa and 36.2 MPa. The determined concentrations of heavy metals are below the maximum values to be met when discharging waste water into the ground or water, the leaching limits required for accepting inert waste for disposal and for substances particularly harmful to the aquatic environment. On this basis, it was found that the migration of heavy metals from concretes with ash addition to the aquatic environment is insignificant and should not be a significant problem.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 3; 20--34
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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