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Tytuł:
Ocena potencjału bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Polski w zakresie paliwa gazowego i ropy naftowej w kontekście ich dywersyfikacji
An evaluation of Polands energy security potential regarding gas fuel and petroleum in the context of its diversification
Autorzy:
Jankowski, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50987400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Włocławskie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
energy security natural gas
LNG gas
infrastructure Energy
Policy Energy
diversification of liquid fuel supply sources
bezpieczeństwo energetyczne
gaz ziemny
gaz LNG
infrastruktura energetyczna
polityka energetyczna
dywersyfikacja źródeł dostaw paliw płynnych
Opis:
Głównym celem artykułu jest dokonanie oceny stanu bezpieczeństwa dostaw gazu ziemnego i ropy naftowej do Polski oraz prognoza sytuacji w perspektywie najbliższych lat. W opracowaniu zostały postawione pytania badawcze dotyczące poziomu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa dostaw gazu ziemnego do Polski. Przedstawiono również jakie Polska posiada zasoby, aby móc zwiększyć samowystarczalność energetyczną w zakresie wydobycia gazu ziemnego i ropy naftowej. Postawiono hipotezę, że różnicowanie dostaw tych surowców energetycznych w perspektywie najbliższych lat zapewni Polsce bezpieczeństwo w kwestii dywersyfikacji wymienionych surowców energetycznych. Jednym z głównych nośników energii zużywanych w kraju jest ropa naftowa. W powyższym artykule przedstawiono strukturę dostaw i zużycia tego surowca w okresie ostatnich lat. Przedstawiono również zależność poziomu bezpieczeństwa energetycznego państwa polskiego od jego zasobności w surowce energetyczne wymienione w artykule, jakie znajdują się terenie naszego kraju.
The main purpose of the paper is to evaluate the security of natural gas and oil supply to Poland and to forecast how the situation will develop in the years to come. Exploratory questions are asked regarding the level of security of natural gas supply to Poland. It is also described what resources Poland has in order to increase its energy self-sufficiency in terms of natural gas and oil extraction. A hypothesis is proposed that varied supplies of these fuels in the years to come will make Poland secure in terms of diversification of the fuels in question. Crude oil is one of the major fuels consumed in Poland. The paper presents the structure of its supplies and consumption over the past years. Also described is how Poland’s energy security level depends on the abundance of the fuels in question found locally.
Źródło:
Zapiski Kujawsko-Dobrzyńskie; 2023, 36; 241-258
1426-7136
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Kujawsko-Dobrzyńskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola krajowej infrastruktury gazowej w kształtowaniu współczesnego bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Polski
Autorzy:
Mróz, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2050787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
natural gas
energy security
infrastructure
Opis:
Electricity is one of the factors shaping the quality of life of society. The Polish Energy sector is to a large extent identified with fossil fuel used in conventional energy, based mainly on hard coal, which is not fully in line with the current energy policy of the European Union. Therefore, today it is necessary to use renewable energy more efficiently, which, in addition to the clearly indicated economic effect, also accentuates environmental effects. The purpose of the work is to show the opinions of young people aged 15–24 in terms of their awareness of the interpretation of myths about renewable energy, which is a key problem in the development of the modern energy sector, and to indicate the directions of development of the energy policy in Poland
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2020, 18, 3; 16-32
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Challenge of the European Union’s Energy Security Approach
Autorzy:
Maksuti, Bekim
Sela, Ylber
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
energy security
european union
energy
natural gas
Opis:
Aim of this research is to answer if organizational commitment changes according to demografic factors. Inputs gained from 200 person sample group from banking sector. According to the analysis it is found that affective and continuance commitment increases with age and job experience, and all componenets of commitment increase according to time in the last job. With the results derived from analysis, research’s support to organizational theory is discussed and some advices put forward.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2015, 11; 106-115
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poland’s Energy Security in the Context of the EU’s Common Energy Policy. The Case of the Gas Sector
Autorzy:
Nowak, Bartłomiej
Grzejszczak, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/529941.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
energy security
natural gas
common energy policy
Opis:
The concept of energy security can be rather difficult to precisely define. In fact, the scope of energy security includes a somewhat different set of issues in the gas sector than in the electricity sector. After all, electricity can be produced in every country of the European Union, but gas extraction is possible only in some. Natural gas is a commodity which constitutes a significant component of the export policy of only a few countries. As a result, the scarcity of gas in the EU makes it a very desirable resource for many countries, some of which are taking important energy-related decisions without consulting or assessing their impact on other Member States. This hampers the coordination of energy policy and the setting of common objectives with regard to energy security for the EU as a whole. The lack of cooperation among Member States has a clearly more negative impact on Poland and the other new Member States (which depend on a single gas supplier) than on the old EU-15, whose gas supply is generally well diversified. Moreover, the lack of proper infrastructure and cross-border connections puts in question the creation of a solid energy policy at the EU level in the gas sector.
Le concept de sécurité énergétique est assez difficile à préciser. En fait dans le champ d’application de la sécurité énergétique, différentes sont les données dans le secteur du gaz par rapport celui de l’électricité. Tant que l’électricité peut être produite dans tous les pays de l’Union européenne, l’extraction du gaz n’est pas possible partout. Le gaz naturel est un produit qui constitue une composante importante de la politique d’exportation de quelques pays seulement. En raison de la pénurie de gaz dans l’UE, il est une des ressources très souhaitable par de nombreux pays, qui prennent des décisions importantes concernant l’énergie, sans consulter ni évaluer leur impact sur les autres Etats membres. Ce l’autre côté entrave la coordination de la politique énergétique et la fixation d’objectifs communs en matière de sécurité énergétique de l’UE dans son ensemble. De toute évidence, le manque de coopération entre les Etats membres a un impact plus négatif sur la Pologne et les nouveaux États membres qui dépendent d’un seul fournisseur de gaz dans l’ancienne UE–15, dont les sources d’approvisionnement sont en général bien diversifiées. Aussi le manque d’infrastructures adéquates et de connexions transfrontalières met en question la solidité de la politique énergétique au niveau de l’UE dans le secteur du gaz.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2011, 4(4); 41-56
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy Security of West Africa: the Case of Natural Gas
Autorzy:
Zigah, Elias
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-10-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:
energy security
natural gas
Gas Supply Security Index
West Africa
Opis:
The Gas Supply Security Index (GSSI) is used to assess the security of natural gas supply of four gas producing countries in West Africa using five indicators: Gas Intensity, Net Gas Import Dependency, Ratio of Domestic Gas Production to Imports, Gross Inland Consumption and Geopolitical Risk. This study identified that security of natural gas supply in West Africa is a major challenge as some of the major natural gas producers within the region are highly vulnerable to supply disruptions. Most of the countries studied rely solely on domestic production for supply security. Lack of diversification of supply source and the absence of natural gas storage facilities to safeguard the security of supply were identified as the major factors accounting for the high vulnerability among the natural gas producers within the region.
L’Indice de sécurité d’approvisionnement en gaz sert à évaluer la sécurité d’approvisionnement en gaz naturel de quatre pays producteurs de gaz en Afrique de l’Ouest à l’aide de cinq indicateurs: Intensité gazière, dépendance à l’égard des importations nettes de gaz, ratio de la production gazière nationale aux importations, consommation intérieure brute et risque géopolitique. Cette étude a montré que la sécurité de l’approvisionnement en gaz naturel en Afrique de l’Ouest constitue un enjeu essentiel car certains des principaux producteurs de gaz naturel de la région sont des plus exposés aux perturbations de l’approvisionnement. La plupart des pays étudiés comptent uniquement sur la production nationale pour garantir leur sécurité d’approvisionnement. Le manque de diversification des sources d’approvisionnement et l’absence de stockages de gaz naturel pour garantir la sécurité de l’approvisionnement sont les principaux déterminants de la forte vulnérabilité des producteurs de gaz naturel dans la région.
Źródło:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2019, 12, 19; 91-110
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Petrol and Natural Gas Market of the Visegrád Group Countries 1993–2016: Current State and Prospects
Autorzy:
Kłaczyński, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594404.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
energy policy
energy
security
natural gas
crude oil
Opis:
The paper addresses problems related to energy policies pursued by Central European countries. It identifies the amounts of energy resources in individual countries in the Visegrád Group as well as the transmission infrastructures they use for natural gas and crude oil. The author discusses projects aimed at diversifying energy supplies which are of key importance to V4 countries. The article also presents relations between those countries in both within the group and bilaterally. When outlining prospects of a V4 energy strategy, the account is taken of such vital aspects as relations with the Russian Federation and the contribution made by Visegrád countries to EU actions designed to develop a single energy market.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2018, 1 (47); 7-19
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Hungarian gas sector : present situation and future prospects
Autorzy:
Ogarek, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza
Tematy:
natural gas
Hungary
energy security
Turkish Stream
Opis:
The main aim of this article is to determine the level of security of supply of the Hungarian natural gas sector and to provide forecasts of the potential sources of oil imports by 2025. The research questions posed by the author relate to self-sufficiency of the domestic gas sector, a high level of dependence on supplies from the east, the lack of diversification of suppliers in the market, and the impact of the possibilities of re-gasification of underground natural gas storage facilities to improve energy security in Hungary. The research hypothesis of the paper was that the level of self-sufficiency of the gas sphere will remain at a constantly low level, that the security volume will decrease until new gas supply routes are established, and that the role of underground gas storage facilities as a result of highly probable loss of transport through the territory of Ukraine will be crucial. In order to solve the research problem and obtain answers to the questions raised, the following energy indices were used: self-sufficiency index, Herfindahl Hirschman index, Residual Supply Index, and the ratio of underground storage capacity of raw material to quarterly demand for fuel. The source of information and data used, due to the lack of many current studies on Hungary's energy security, are reports of national and European energy organizations, as well as reliable industry portals rich in current information. The conclusions of the analysis show that Hungary is a country highly dependent on imports from the East and that its security of supply will decrease significantly as a result of the political turmoil between Ukraine and Russia. Underground storage facilities will be responsible for maintaining a safe gas volume in the demand of the domestic economy in the near future. And the more distant future of the Hungarian gas industry will continue to be connected mainly with the eastern exporter. This will be facilitated by the Turkish Stream connection and possible supplies from Nord Stream II.
Źródło:
Energy Policy Studies; 2019, 1 (3); 59-69
2545-0859
Pojawia się w:
Energy Policy Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Implications of LNG import on the European Union’s energy security
Autorzy:
Kordowina, Łkasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. Ignacego Łukasiewicza
Tematy:
LNG
natural gas
energy security
European Union
Opis:
Due to insufficient level of domestic natural gas production, the European Union countries are forced to import this key energy resource from the third countries. This involves political and economic as well as physical risks. In order to ensure energy security, it is necessary to mitigate the threats that in the case of natural gas supplies are primarily related to various types of dependencies. The dependency grows in the situation of low diversification of energy sources and resources suppliers. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of LNG imports on the European Union’s energy security, which would not be possible without showing the structure of the regionalnatural gas market. Implications of LNG trade will be shown in comparison with pipeline gas supplies, which are dominant on this market.
Źródło:
Energy Policy Studies; 2020, 2 (6); 54--70
2545-0859
Pojawia się w:
Energy Policy Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Azerbaijan’s Path to Fulfilling Its Current Role in Building Global Energy Security and Its Prospects for the Future
Autorzy:
Stawarz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/53401948.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Azerbaijan
Energy Security
Natural Gas
Crude Oil
Opis:
The research problem of this paper concerns energy security in the regional and global dimensions in the context of Azerbaijan’s role in its construction, the aim being to verify whether Azerbaijan is one of the key elements in building energy security, especially in the South Caucasus, but also in relation to the European Union and even in a global sense. The factorial and comparative methods were mainly used to examine the indicated subject matter. This article shows that both natural conditions and the appropriate actions of the Azerbaijani authorities have been strengthening the country’s role for several decades not only as the main element of the energy security of the South Caucasus, but also as one of the key factors in building the energy security of the European Union and is shaping itself as a significant co-creator of global security in this sphere. Azerbaijan’s achievements to date in the sphere of energy security and forecasts for the future allow one to conclude that the state will have an increasingly stronger position as a guarantor of security in the discussed sphere in the South Caucasus, and its role as a co-builder of the Union’s energy security will take on new, unprecedented shapes. Also, in the global dimension, the role of Azerbaijan will increase.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2023, 27, 4; 235-246
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In the face of the rising importance of natural gas to the Polish economy
Autorzy:
Skrzyński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Krakowie, Małopolska Szkoła Administracji Publicznej
Tematy:
natural resource security
national security
energy policy
natural gas
pipelines
transportation investment
natural resources
Opis:
Objective: The purpose of this text is to determine ways of diversifying the sources of origin and directions for importing natural gas to Poland until the agreement for the supply of Russian gas expires in 2022. In so doing, the growth of extraction in Poland, deliveries from other countries and the partial replacement of gas in the economy with raw materials available in Poland are all analys ed. Research design and methods: A reasonable approach to energy policy, factor analysis and elements of multidimensional comparative analysis were adopted. Findings: It is important that gas imports to the country are substantially increased in winter and it is essential that the capacity of gas storage facilities, in particular cavity facilities, is increased as well. Furthermore, it is necessary to attempt to reduce energy consumption, with different preferences that facilitate the growth of the share of renewable sources of energy (RSE) in the energy mix. Implications / Recommendations: This article presents arrangements which may prove to be useful for implementation of Polish energy policy. Contribution / Value Added: Considerable political changes and alterations to the gas market have superseded a number of researchers’ arrangements and forecasts concerning Poland. What is missing is a comprehensive analysis, based on data from 2017 and 2018, of increasing the diversification of gas supplies to Poland.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance; 2019, 1(47); 48-60
1898-3529
2658-1116
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne / Public Governance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kurdistan’s role in European energy security
Autorzy:
Ismael, Hemin Mohammed
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1199428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
Kurdistan Region
Iraq
European Energy Security
natural gas
Opis:
The paper analyzes the Kurdistan Regional Government’s (KRG) natural resource strategies, such as how it deals with huge reserves of many trillion cubic feet of its natural gas as significant energy. Because natural gas belongs to the cleanest burning fossil fuels, with 30 percent less carbon than oil, it plays a role in the global fuel economy. As KRG transports its natural gas to international markets, like European countries, via Turkey it means they also participate in energy security as a new actor. Because the KRG is landlocked, strong factors may affect Kurdish natural gas strategies because KRG is surrounded by today’s partners and yesterday’s enemies politically and economically. Turkey, the neighbor of KRG, also buys its gas and has an influence on these strategies after the Ukraine crisis that pushed European countries to make a turn towards Caspian natural gas. Kurdistan is part of the best option for European energy security as it plans to diversify natural gas imports. While the KRG benefits from selling its natural gas directly to international markets, this will come with some struggles. Many of these obstacles can be classified into two types: internal and external obstacles, such as a conflict with the central government regarding how to share gas revenues. Others problems include Iranian neighbor interest on natural resources in Kurdistan and Russia that looks to Kurdish gas as its ally if Kurdistan joins the southern gas corridor pipeline.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2020, 10, 1; 33-41
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected implications of shale gas extraction in Europe
Autorzy:
Abramiuk -Lété, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/629915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
natural gas, shale gas, energy, security of supply, gas import, gas prices
Opis:
According to the 2011 International Energy Agency data, 60 % of natural gas production in the US comes from unconventional sources. Currently in Europe the commercial production of shale gas has not yet been developed. However, the European Commission estimates that conventional production in those countries which have already made some progress could already start as early as 2015. The 2013 A.T. Kearney report outlines that European resources constitute 7 % of world resources, but the success of shale gas exploration in Europe will depend on a series of economic, political and geographical factors. This paper analyses the potential impact of the development of the shale gas industry in Europe, particularly recoverable potential of shale gas, its impact on the economy, overall EU energy mix, energy prices and the European job market. In addition, the paper briefly discusses the potential impact of shale gas extraction on gas imports and security of supply.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2014, 3; 145-158
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktualna sytuacja na rynku gazu ziemnego – perspektywy rozwoju
Current situations on the natural gas market – development perspectives
Autorzy:
Janusz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/282824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
gaz ziemny
ceny gazu ziemnego
bezpieczeństwo energetyczne
natural gas
price natural gas
energy security
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono prognozę Międzynarodowej Agencji Energii w zakresie wzrostu zużycia gazu ziemnego w okresie do 2035 roku. Gaz ziemny jest jedynym paliwem kopalnym, na który popyt światowy rośnie w każdym z przyjętych scenariuszy. MAE przewiduje, że wzrost zużycia będzie wynosił od 3,3 bln m3 w 2010 r. do 4,0–5,2 bln m3 w 2035 roku. Zaprezentowano również strukturę bilansu energetycznego Polski w okresie ostatnich 12 lat ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem gazu ziemnego, którego udział w strukturze bilansu energetycznego kształtuje się na poziomie około 12%. Z punktu widzenia bezpieczeństwa energetycznego kraju niezmiernie ważna jest struktura i kierunki dostaw tego paliwa. Obecna struktura bilansu dostaw gazu ziemnego powoduje, że Polska należy do grupy państw najmniej uzależnionych od jego importu. W 2011 roku zależność od importu gazu ziemnego wynosiła 75%, natomiast całkowita zależność od importu nośników energii wynosiła 34%. Od 1990 do 2011 roku systematycznie wzrasta całkowita zależność Polski od importu nośników energii, w roku 1990 wynosiła ona tylko 2%. Natomiast zależność od importu gazu ziemnego w tym czasie waha się od 64% do 76%. Mając na uwadze zapewnienie nieprzerwanych dostaw błękitnego paliwa prowadzone są prace, których celem jest rozbudowa istniejącego systemu przesyłowego gazu ziemnego. W roku 2011 dzięki realizowanym inwestycjom zdolności importowe gazu ziemnego do Polski wzrosły o ponad 30%. Biorąc pod uwagę wzrastające znaczenie gazu ziemnego niezmiernie istotne dla krajowej gospodarki są jego ceny. W artykule przedstawiono zmiany cen tego paliwa jakie miały miejsce w okresie od 2000 roku. Ceny gazu ziemnego typu E zawarte w taryfach krajowego monopolisty – tj. PGNiG S.A., zatwierdzonych przez Prezesa URE w latach 2000–2013 wzrosły o 205%. W przypadku gazu ziemnego zaazotowanego typu Ls, wzrost cen wyniósł 221%. Analizując ceny gazu ziemnego według parytetu siły nabywczej w Polsce i wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej należy stwierdzić, że Polska plasuje się na trzecim miejscu pod względem wysokości wzrostu cen wśród analizowanych państw.
The article presents the forecast of the International Energy Agency as to the increase in the natural gas consumption in the period up to 2035. Natural gas is the only fossil fuel for which the global demand rises in each of the scenarios. IEA predicts that the consumption growth will be between 3.3 bln m3 in 2010 to 4.0–5.2 bln m3 in 2035. The article also presents the structure of energy balance in Poland over the last 12 years with a special focus on natural gas, whose share in the structure of energy balance amounts to 12%. Taking into consideration the country’s energy security, the structure and the supply directions of the fuel to the country are of significant importance. The current structure of natural gas supply balance makes Poland belong to the group of countries which are the least dependent upon natural gas import. In 2011 the dependence on natural gas import amounted to 75% while the total dependence on energy carriers import was 34%. In the period from 1990 to 2011 the total dependence of Poland on energy carriers import increased systematically, in 1990 it amounted only to 2%. However, the dependence on natural gas import ranged from 64% to 76% in that period. In order to ensure the uninterrupted supply of blue fuel, the works has been conducted aiming at the expansion of the existing natural gas transmission system. In 2011, thanks to the investments in hand, the Poland’s natural gas import capacities increased by over 30%. Taking into account the growing importance of natural gas, its price is vital for the domestic economy. The article shows the price changes of the fuel that have taken place in the period since 2000. Prices of natural gas type E included in the tariffs of the national monopolist, i.e. PGNiG, approved by the President of ERO, in the period of 2000 to 2013 has increased by over 205%. In the case of low caloric gas type Ls, the growth in price amounted to 221%. Analyzing the natural gas price according to the purchasing power parity in Poland and selected countries of the European Union, it should be noted that Poland is in third place in terms of price increase among the analyzed countries.
Źródło:
Polityka Energetyczna; 2013, 16, 2; 33-52
1429-6675
Pojawia się w:
Polityka Energetyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy Security of Southern Europe Countries and Crude Oil Prices
Autorzy:
Obadi, Saleh Mothana
Kosir, Igor
Korcek, Matej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1832642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
Crude oil prices
Southern Europe
Energy security
Natural gas
Opis:
This paper examines the development of oil prices in the last years and its impact on energy security of the southern Europe countries. The development of oil prices in the last years has a potential impact on all economies. Indeed the impact was positive for crude oil importing economies but in the other hand, negative impact on crude oil exporting economies. According to our analysis, the impact was positive on all southern Europe economies, regardless the scale of the impact. Off course the low crude oil prices improves the affordablity of energy supply, but for the energy security of southern Europe countries should be insured by other alternative energy resources, among them natural gas and renewable energy resources.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2017, 22(22); 135-149
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Skroplony gaz ziemny – strategiczny surowiec energetyczny – bezpieczeństwo zaopatrzenia Polski w paliwo gazowe
Liquefied Natural Gas – a Strategic Fuel. Poland’s Security with Regard to Gas Fuels
Autorzy:
Grzelak, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417067.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
energy security
liquefied natural gas
energy supplies
diversifying the sources
LNG
Opis:
Energy and fuels constitute strategic products that have actual impact on almost all the elements of appropriate functioning of the state. Due to its multidimensional nature and importance, energy security becomes the reason of state. The document entitled Poland’s Energy Policy until 2030, among the basic directions of this policy lists improved security of fuels and energy supplies. One of the key investments aimed at diversifying the sources and directions of supplies, is the construction of the terminal for receiving liquefied natural gas (LNG). It will allow for establishing Poland’s alternative system of gas supplies. Other elements of the system are the following: interconnectors that allow for transmitting fuels from the west and from the south, and the North-South gas corridor that ultimately will connect the terminals in Poland and Croatia.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2015, 60, 6 (365); 133-145
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 55

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