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Wyświetlanie 16-30 z 72
Tytuł:
Measuring wind gradients in agroforestry systems by shaded piche evaporimeters. II. Accuracies obtained in some African case studies
Autorzy:
Stigter, C J
Kainkwa, R.M.R.
Oteng'i, S.B.B.
Onyewotu, L.O.Z.
Mohammed, A.E.
Ibrahim, A.A.
Rashidi, M.G.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26193.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
anemometry
Piche evaporimeter
wind reduction
agroforest system
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2000, 14, 4
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of physical properties of genetically modified potates. II. Mechanical properties of tubers
Autorzy:
Sadowska, J.
Vacek, J.
Palacios, M.C.
Fornal, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24794.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
genetically modified potato
physical property
potato
mechanical property
tuber
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2004, 18, 4
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laser-scanner used in a wind tunnel to quantify soil erosion
Autorzy:
Asensio, C.
Weber, J.
Lozano, F.J.
Mielnik, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082510.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
soil roughness
tilled soils
wind erosion
soil
loss
Opis:
A methodology was developed in order to estimate wind erosion by comparing the differences in soil loss with a 3D laser scanner inside a wind tunnel, to relate the change in soil micro-relief to soil loss. We evaluated the effectiveness of a low-cost laser scanner in a wind tunnel for examining the winddependent variation in soil surface micro-topography, thereby enabling soil wind erosion to be quantified both quickly and accurately. We, therefore, studied the effect of soil crusting in an intensive horticultural crop, low-tilled soil (once a year) in cereal cultivation, and tilled soil (several times a year) in an ecological citrus orchard, paying attention to the changes occurring when soils are tilled. Moreover, we observed an aggregation effect of CaCO3 in the wind-erodible fraction, a protective effect of surface stoniness against a direct impact of wind and the incidence of soil particle content. Different behaviour, in terms of random roughness, is due to more stones and/or remnant vegetation being highly resistant to wind in Calcisol, Cambisol, Fluvisol and Arenosol plots, thus increasing surface roughness. In Anthrosol and Leptosol plots, on the contrary, initial roughness was due to large unstable and wind-eroded aggregates which resulted in a decreased surface roughness.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 2; 227-232
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessing herbicide leaching from field measurements and laboratory experiments
Określenie wymywania herbicydów na podstawie pomiarów polowych i doświadczeń laboratoryjnych
Autorzy:
Cuevas, M.V.
Calderon, M.J.
Fernandez, J.E.
Hermosin, M.C.
Moreno, F.
Cornejo, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1402082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 57; 15-25
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ABA alleviated soybean seedling stress exposed to UV-C radiation
Autorzy:
Yang, L.
Gao, N.
Yang, Y.
Zhang, Y.
Gao, J.
Sun, Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082655.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
ultraviolet-C
ABA
active oxygen metabolism
flavonoids
soybean
Opis:
In order to understand the roles of abscisis acid in soybean exposed to UV-C radiation, soybean seedlings were exposed to UV-C radiation and ABA was applied. The chlorophyll content, active oxygen metabolism and flavonoids content of soybean seedlings were investigated. The present study revealed that UV-C radiation significantly attenuated the chlorophyll content and suppressed PSII activity. It was observed that the contents of H2O2, malondialdehyde and O2 - were markedly increased, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase were enhanced, so were the flavonoids content, whereas the seedling height and biomass were significantly reduced. ABA application improved the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and the contents of flavonoids, decreased the contents of H2O2, MDA and O2 -, and also increased the chlorophyll content and enhanced PSII performance, thus enhancing biomass accumulation. The results suggested that ABA alleviated UV-C damage to soybean seedlings by reducing ROS generation and enhancing antioxidase activity. The isoflavones daidzin and genistein were significantly responsive to UV-C.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 1; 115-121
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Control of natural mycobiota in maize grains by ultraviolet (UVC) irradiation
Zwalczanie naturalnych mikobiot w ziarnie kukurydzy za pomocą promieniowania ultrafioletowego (UVC)
Autorzy:
Paez, C.L.R.
Reyes, M.C.P.
Aguilar, C.H.
Pacheco, F.A.D.
Martinez, E.M.
Orea, A.C.
Bonilla, J.L.L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36667.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
natural mycobiota
mycobiota
fungi
control
maize grain
Zea mays
ultraviolet irradiation
Opis:
The effect of UV-C light as a means of control of natural mycobiota of grains of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids “San Juan” and ”H-159” (productive cycle, 2009) was investigated. UV-C lamps of 15 W were used and the exposure times applied were 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min. The experiment was established in the randomised complete block design with eight and four replicates. The unit pilot was 50 grains. For the determination of mycobiota the agar plate test was used, after disinfection of the grains with sodium hypochlorite diluted to 3% for 1 min. Differences (P ≤ 0.001, P ≤ 0.05) between treatments were found, the best treatments being those of 30 and 10 min, observing reductions of 42.85 and 52.05% in the number of grains infected with Fusarium spp. with respect to control for “San Juan” and “H-159”, respectively. For Fusarium monoliforme it was found that in 30 min there was a reduction of 53.74% for the hybrid “San Juan”, while for H-159 a reduction of 61.7% in 10 minutes was observed. These results show that UV-C radiation may be useful for application as a germicide in future experiments on a wide variety of grains.
Badano wykorzystanie promieniowania UV-C jako metody zwalczania naturalnych mikobiot ziarna hybryd kukurydzy (Zea mays L.) “San Juan” i ”H-159” (cykl produkcyjny, 2009). Zastosowano lampy UV-C o mocy 15 W, a czasy ekspozycji wynosiły 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 oraz 30 min. Doświadczenie założono metodą kompletnych bloków randomizowanych w ośmiu i czterech powtórzeniach. Jednostka pilotażowa wynosiła 50 ziaren. Dla określenia mikobiot zastosowano test agarowy po uprzedniej dezynfekcji ziarna 3% roztworem podchlorynu sodu przez 1 min. Stwierdzono różnice (P ≤ 0,001, P ≤ 0,05) pomiędzy obiektami doświadczenia. Najlepsze wyniki uzyskano dla czasów ekspozycji 30 i 10 min, uzyskując odpowiednio 42,85 oraz 52,05% redukcję ilości ziaren zakażonych Fusarium spp. dla ziarna hybryd “San Juan” i “H-159” w odniesieniu do kontroli. W odniesieniu do Fusarium monoliforme stwierdzono, że po czasie naświetlania 30 min nastąpiła redukcja o 53,74% dla hybrydy “San Juan”, a dla H-159 stwierdzono spadek o 61,7% po 10 minutach. Te wyniki wykazują, że promieniowanie UV-C może być użyteczne do stosowania jako zabieg zarodnikobójczy w przyszłych doświadczeniach na rożnych rodzajach ziarna.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2011, 18, 2[193]
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial variability of uncultivated soils in derived savanna
Autorzy:
Obalum, S.E.
Oppong, J.
Igwe, C.A.
Watanabe, Y.
Obi, M.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25426.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Opis:
The spatial variability of some physicochemical properties of topsoils/subsoils under secondary forest, grassland fallow, and bare-soil fallow of three locations was evaluated. The data were analyzed and described using classical statistical parameters. Based on the coefficient of variation, bulk density, total porosity, 60-cm-tension moisture content, and soil pH were of low variability. Coarse and fine sand were of moderate variability. Highly variable soil properties included silt, clay, macroporosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, organic matter concentration, and cation exchange capacity. Overall, soil pH and silt varied the least and the most, respectively. Relative weighting showed that location dominantly influenced the soil variability, except for soil porosity and organic matter concentration influenced mostly by land use. Most of the soil data were normally distributed; others were positively skewed and/or kurtotic. The minimum number of samples (at 25 samples ha-1) required to estimate mean values of soil properties was highly soil property-specific, ranging from 1 (topsoil pH-H2O) to 246 (topsoil silt). Cation exchange capacity of subsoils related fairly strongly with cation exchange capacity of topsoils (R2 = 0.63). Spatial variability data can be used to extrapolate dynamic soil properties across a derived-savanna landscape.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2013, 27, 1
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Abiotic mechanisms for biochar effects on soil N2O emission
Autorzy:
He, C.
Manevski, K.
Andersen, M.N.
Hu, C.
Dong, W.
Li, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
gas diffusion
mitigation
nitrous oxide
water
filled pore space
Opis:
In this research, sterile soil columns with different contents of biochar made from apple-tree residues (0, 1 and 5% w/w) at three levels of water filled pore space (40, 60, and 80%) were set up in the laboratory to study nitrous oxide diffusion and binding processes. The results indicated that nitrous oxide emission can be effectively mitigated at 5% biochar regardless of soil water content. However, 1% biochar stimulated nitrous oxide diffusion compared to the other biochar treatments, which was opposite to expectations due to the stronger aeration than adsorption effect, while 0% had a suppression effect between 1 and 5%. Nitrous oxide emissions increased with increasing water filled pore space due to concomitantly decreasing biochar tortuousity at high water content. The increase of nitrogen from 1.11 to 1.50% on the biochar surface in the 5% treatment, and from 1.11 to 1.46% in the 100% biochar treatment, suggested that the main abiotic mechanisms for mitigation of nitrous oxide emission is adsorption and subsequent reactions with C = C bonds on appletree biochar surfaces since C = O and C-O bonds both increased and C=C/C-C/C-H declined.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2019, 33, 4; 537-546
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Water conductivity of Arctic zone soils (Spitsbergen)
Autorzy:
Witkowska-Walczak, B.
Slawinski, C.
Bartminski, P.
Melke, J.
Cymerman, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25209.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
water conductivity
soil
grain size
distribution
pore size
Arctic zone
Spitsbergen
Opis:
The water conductivity of arctic zone soils derived in different micro-relief forms was determined. The greatest water conductivity at the 0-5 cm depth for the higher values of water potentials (> -7 kJ m-3) was shown by tundra polygons (Brunic-Turbic Cryosol, Arenic) – 904-0.09 cm day-1, whereas the lowest were exhibited by Turbic Cryosols – 95-0.05 cm day-1. Between -16 and -100 kJ m-3, the water conductivity for tundra polygons rapidly decreased to 0.0001 cm day-1, whereas their decrease for the other forms was much lower and in consequence the values were 0.007, 0.04, and 0.01 cm day-1 for the mud boils (Turbic Cryosol (Siltic, Skeletic)), cell forms (Turbic Cryosol (Siltic, Skeletic)), and sorted circles (Turbic Cryosol (Skeletic)), respectively. In the 10-15 cm layer, the shape of water conducti-vity curves for the higher values of water potentials is nearly the same as for the upper layer. Similarly, the water conductivity is the highest – 0.2 cm day-1 for tundra polygons. For the lower water potentials, the differences in water conductivity increase to the decrease of soil water potential. At the lowest potential the water conductivity is the highest for sorted circles – 0.02 cm day-1 and the lowest in tundra polygons – 0.00002 cm day-1.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2014, 28, 4
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review
Autorzy:
Lipiec, J.
Doussan, C.
Nosalewicz, A.
Kondracka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25671.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Opis:
Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2013, 27, 4
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 16-30 z 72

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