Z historii językoznawstwa radzieckiego: ‘subiektywizm indywidualistyczny’ i ‘obiektywizm abstrakcyjny’ w książce Marksizm i filozofia języka

The present paper analyses two currents of philosophy of language: ‘individualistic subjectivism’ and ‘abstract objectivism’, described in Marxism and the Philosophy of Language. The book by Voloshinov and Bakhtin is considered as the attempt to construct the Marx’s linguistics after the Revolution of 1917. The authors present the antinomy between the ‘individual subjectivism’ and ‘abstract objectivism’, or in other words, between the two opposite approaches to language as a specific object of scientific inquiry. The two currents are observed from the perspective of the general anti-Saussurean movement in Soviet linguistics and literary studies of the late 1920s.