Research which has been carried out in countries with developed market economies indicates that
since the 1980s there has been a systematic increase in wage inequality. As a result, low-wage
employment has increased. In recent years, many academic institutions in developed countries have
been conducting research into the scale, causes and consequences of low wages. Such research has not
as yet been systematically carried out in Poland. This article aims to contribute to the research. Its
objective is to establish the scale and causes of low-wage employment in Poland in the last sixteen
years. The contents of the article are divided into three parts. The first part is devoted to the
methodology of measuring low wages. The second part concerns the frequency of low wages in Poland
and other countries with market economies. The third part of the article presents factors influencing the
scale of the occurrence of low wages. According to the research, the number of people in low-wage
employment in Poland systematically increased in the period from 1989 to 2004. In 2004 this number
exceeded 22% of all working people. A similarly high percentage of low-wage employment is found
only in Korea, Hungary, Great Britain, the USA and Canada.
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