Текстово-образна універсалія як мовноструюпурний засіб імпровізаційного творення українських народиш дум

This article belongs to the area of linguistic stud> ot folklore. The author considers the naturę o f folklore improvisation as integral linę of folksong creativity ffom the position of the linguistic structurization o f the orał text. As a result of the research, a conclusion is drawn on the existence o f constructive elements, which provide complete preservation and an improvisadonal reconstruction o f epic texts, text-shaped universal. Detailed classification of named units, including their exhaustive characteri nic, is also offered.